Show I L The New 6 Language of the the Air Air I BECAUSE of the th frequency with which th the BECAUSE j language of the air is not only misused but also misunderstood the National Advisory Advisory Advisory Ad Ad- Committee for Aeronautics has just devised and compiled a a. a standardized set of terms which have been prescribed for use in Uncle Sams Sam's army and naval air service Among the new and often misunderstood terms are the following Aeronaut The Aeronaut The pilot of an aerostat airship or balloon balloon- Airdrome Airdrome Airdrome-A A landing field equipped with hangars and shops r Aviator The Aviator The operator or or pilot of heavier heavier- than-air than craft such as airplanes and seaplanes Bank Bank To To incline a plane laterally in turning turning- to prevent skidding Ceiling Maximum Ceiling Maximum height to which an airplane airplane air air- plane or airship can climb 1 I Fuselage Fuselage Body Body of an airplane including passenger sea seats ts I Glider Glider Glider-An An airplane without a ft power plant Helicopter Helicopter Helicopter-An An aircraft deriving its support not from wings but bilt the vertical thrust of pro pro- I Nacelle Nacelle Enclosure Enclosure for passengers or engines but unlike the fuselage it has no tail unit An An aircraft deriving its support and power from flapping wings Pancake To Pancake To ke-To To land by an airplane by levelling off higher from the ground than normal causing it to stall and descend nearly vertically Slide Slipping Slipping Sliding Sliding on a bank toward the ground Skids Skids Runners Runners used with landing gear ear also on lower wing tips as a protection Skidding Sliding Skidding Sliding sidewise awa away from the ground on a bank opposite to slipping Soar Soar To To fly on a level without power Spin Spin Spin-An An aerial manoeuvre in which the airplane airplane air air- plane descends nearly vertically while turning rapidly in the form of a helix or a Taxi Taxi To To run an airplane over the gr ground und or ora ora ora a seaplane over the water under its own power without taking the air Zoom To Zoom To climb rapidly at a very steep angle According to the recent published report of the national advisory committee aircraft constitutes constitutes any form of craft designed to navigate the theair theair air and is divided into aerostats and airplanes airplanes airplanes air planes Aerostats comprise than lighter than air craft embodying a container filled with a gas lighter than air such as hydrogen and sustained by its buoyancy They include airships and balloons Aerial experts will tell tel you that it i is custom customary ry for the public to call caU anything that traverses the theair theair theair air an airship whereas the word aircraft should be employed They say that all an balloons rigid and rigid non-rigid airships or than lighter-than-air craft are constantly being termed blimps a aslang aslang aslang slang word now obsolete but originally used to designate a rigid non-rigid airship a driven by an engine installed in an airplane fuselage slung beneath the gas bag The word airplane is now used to designate craft heavier than air obtaining their support from the action of the air on the wings and driven through the air by screw propellers Tractors are airplanes having their pr propellers in front pushers having them in the rear Usually airplanes are equipped for land work with wheeled landing gear but when fitted for alighting on water with a boar or pontoons the term seaplane is used Airships as the craft formerly known as air than are now called are divided into three types rigid whose form is maintained by I a metallic frame within the S g-S gas bag or envelope rigid non whose envelope is kept taught by the pressure of the contained gas and J maintained by a rigid rigid- or joint jointed d K keel el and also by by gas pressure These three types are all propelled by gas engines located in a hull or car or in individual individual in in- 1 engine houses suspended below the supporting supporting sup sup- 1 porting envelope and controlled by means of ridders rudders rudders rud rid ders and fins Balloons the second division of the aerostat t class have no power plants nor means of controlling controlling controlling con con- trolling their horizontal flight Th They y include free u or flight balloons of the old old- style old spherical type type- r r captive ballons used in forming an aerial barrage against airplane attacks kite an nn elongated captive captive cap cap- tive balloon such as the observation balloon balloon bal bal- loon which has tail fins to keep it headed into the wind nurse nurse a small heavily fabricated balloon u used ed for storing gas and filling service balloons and pilot and sounding balloons employed in securing securing se se- curing meteorological data datu i The than heavier air r types of aircraft l now officially of officially of of- termed airplanes are divided into several several classes according to the number of planes or 01 wings which are usually superimposed namely monoplanes biplanes and There is also the Langley type of airplane which is still called the tandem from the arrangement f. f of its double set of wings on approximately the same level The word hydroplane has often been misused misused misused mis mis- used in referring to a seaplane hydroplane designates n a a sea sled which planes on the surface surface surface sur sur- face of the water but does not take the air An airplane has been called an aero which it is explained is a as wrong as as calling caIling a boat awater a awater water The words aeroplane hydro aero plane ne and arid dirigible have been done away with and airplane seaplane and airship airship have taken their places Seaplanes airplanes designed to rise from fromor froma CJ a or or light on the water vater are cl classified in two groups boat seaplanes having a central hull not unlike a boat and float seaplanes whose landing gear con consists of f one or more floats or pontoons |