Show r t kH fH I HOW OW THE MONIES OVIES MOVIES ARE MAD MAD- MADE E The Mechanical Unmasking al M Mysteries y sf of reams Some ome J IMro Mr v JP F nm Is Us a cat Sensitive ve Person Even Il iff if He je Is Us Twin Brother to the n ii Inch 14 4 f f I 71 t. t I. I a Y p- p s 1 a s i t tA tn J- J 1 II 1 a M s r n A rr n S 1 t i V s a c s V VI aM 1 i Th n-A n I fl AC Id yf 1 1 1 p p N s a jn 1 i z 1 s' s II cas N f 1 I 1 i r 11 yI A P fl 1 1 4 f e Ysl e r ee- ee r t P r MN r n s I I tI t. t I A A. Camera Operator Opera Must Have No o Emotion He Must Mast Be Ice lee Cold i Four Eyes or Lenses Upon aAre a Wheel Are Shifted Into Place That Camera May Always Be in Focus By THE MOVING PICTURE FILM T 1 a JUu III Him film J 1 11 I I 1 am aIn 1000 feet in length anti and only one and und three eighths Inches wide My Mr it if I can be he said to have c thickness thick thick- lIb uess ness 8 is is otic two one wo thousandths of an au Inch 1 Toda Today 1 I am a tolled colled serpent of or celluloid containing In my transparent hu body 1000 f fret feet d of ot human life its laughter its Us tears thrills adventure nd and ami true love lo that never Ilc I nits smoothly inder the ru rays of a pow pow- lamp lump my spirit flies flics to a n great reat white screen creen I. I There I tell the stor story story- which has hag Jin-en Jin ile photographed II d upon me the thc stor story that Js you ou entranced from beginning to end Hut it Is not the story you In see sec from i r aisle lile seal scat at tt t the c photoplay theater tb that thai l 1 am am about to tell This is the stor story ormy oftay life from the time when I was I nothing but so mun many strips of ot raw lifeless Him film l 1 They called me a sensitive cn film although I l t f I had bud been lieu tr lJ truly sensitive l I would have J 11 been k-eji JJ unable to beau bear a fraction o of the many I t r r lu which were to happen P Peir to me I II t The strips of ot celluloid which were to be e et t d i Into my mr composite whole were were about i t enty inches wide nick and aud from OO to IO feet teet Jou long It would surprise you ou to f. f St I I W- W f- f that tha t a II sensitive I film film is 11 not quite so as ati ia a sensitive en y or 11 plant 11 1 t. t e ot C m my r y principal elements 8 was gunthe gun gun- X- X r the terrific Uc explosive which is used hithe terrible fourteen Inch shells of our p 1 Before I was was' celluloid I I was wasS was'S S 'S A i lJ or and P r t and the latter Is IsI I iJ on made from raw cotton colton by treat- treat I Jj'S 1 Ir it nitric and sulphuric acids The i I t was dissolved ed In alcohol t I It Its It's a Gay Life i l I the they hey placed n a la layer cr of or dry l p a J. J roxy roxy- i P li fit In Ina a n tank lank Then n about out half halt the amount f or of of 0 camphor hor solution was spra sprayed eti cd upon IlI Il It times limes I was repeated several sc At the movie mo 1 I factory was given a strictly tl fireproof reception I I was placed I ill In the dim cool re recesses c res of a u fireproof vault I no now awaited the thc beginning of or m ray my y i wonderful career One day y the the- thedoor door of or the storage room opened ned and I T was carried out to take lake the x step la In D m my S active o history as fU a R moving rl picture u e reel reet I was as to be perforated As ou know know every cry moving mO picture film aim is i. i perforated r ial d' d with tiny holes and there are aro four tOUl pairs of ot such holes for each one o of if the many thousand pictures on the tho reel The he size of each hole bole Is iR about sixteenth one of af in n Inch by three seconds of or an inch These feed fee l hole holes are are punched along ea each eh b edge of or the film i 4 which was one oie and 1 three Inches in iu width lC leaving space 1 p f r rho Jho picture Image In the center of ot tt onie ono Inch in width f. f v Tn Tho Tho punch machine operated at the rate of or between 00 and 1000 feet teet an nn hour All th the work was in a dark room for it il was lIn unsafe ate to remove remo me from n my little tin tau home while all any rn rays s 's of ot daylight could attack me Shot Full of Holes The perforating mechanism m Is called a pilot driven machine Two sets of eight eight- plus pins each cadi were constantly at work on my wy celluloid anatomy While one ove set ct was was as punching four holes boles on each ench of a picture pic plc ture space the other set sef was holding me mc steady through a set ct of or holes already punched This prevented e au any variation Inthe in inthe inthe the alignment of ot the holes which run In iu lines lives as straight as a die In Iu f fear fear- ar of ot being behig thought egotistical I Mr Ir Moving l Picture Pasture Film am nm going to permit permit per per- per mit nut tb the rest est of ot my mr story to be told modestly modestly mod mod- estly In Iu the Ule third I person er n. n After ter th the holes loles have ha been becu p perforated each cach length of or WO feet of or film is ready ready to tobe tobe tobe be threaded into the moving mo picture cam era First it is roll rolled d tight and placed in one of or the two drums of a n double ma maga a- a zinc zine This consists of ot two circular compartments compartments compartments com com- each with a capacity of or 00 OO feet of up rolled mill fIlm The first magazine Is for forthe Or Orthe the unexposed film mw before it has passed through the camera The Thc second drum is for the thc expo exposed cd film after it tins hRs received Its picture impressions fh The rha magazine is placed on top of ot the 1 fi h rte i x i Z Y K l lr l r 2 G vv r. r rY e y Y t Z r r y yr r r 7 I w r i t Y ga xi s r t sw p r rr r i Y y t S y y-e y K fi k f fN v 4 N 7 4 f 5 Y Q 4 r 4 n f. f 4 h f w a c k kv v r f r v 97 Upper Picture Shows How How r Film Runs Downward Past Lens and Then Winds Back on Second Second Reel Reel Below Below Shows How A Audience Appears to Actor moving picture camera the camera the most marvel r marvelous ous picture picture making malting achievement ement since the invention of ot photography itself The fhe film is threaded thread l by drawing it down from flom the unexposed drum drUID into the camera camera camern cam cam- era ern and then behind the camera lens From the lens PO position It is drawn upward rolling roll roll- Iu lug ing on sprockets and is attached to the hu hub of or the exposed tl niu magazine About eI eighteen inches IncItes of or raw rats stock is used up un in tn making this connection before the first motion photo photographs are arc taken talen The actual grinding run may now be started as soon oon as t tie the Je camera is In right position before the stage or outdoor setting and the producing director gives t cs tho the word to go o ahead The most interesting and cs essential part of or the motion camera is th the automatic shutter It is a she sheet of ot metal in the be f form lm of a 3 w feel with a R segment ement cut cut- out The size of or this opening controls the Hie time of or picture exposure fh The slowest exposure Is ia h of ot second d and for this one forty a the shutter opening is 11 an nn ar arc of de de- de- de grees The lute smaller the shutter cr opening the faster is the exposure The be speed limit 1 I Is a speck of ot time quite beyond beyond ones one's n ability to Imagine It Is is' one one-one hundred and fifteenth of or a s second ond Shutter Secret of Success This automatic shutter revolves directly di In tn back of oL the lens The film l n moves downward past tho the lens over O sprocket kot wheels operated by a n cam shaft and llad y K r T a A J e i t A AKS KS f. f k rr r 1 Kt a p. p J 1 I 0 ciri 1 F w 4 zt 34 jl l 11 ll Jf 1 i l II th II iI Ill 14 ll 11 l The Slower a Camera Crank Is Turned the Faster the tIle Action Appears f 1 1 l Mechanical Causes Which Give i l l to o Pedestrian Speed peed ee of o Auto I Io l l 1 1 lIb and n Produce Most Popular o of u ill lull 11 I l lit JI rf l Comic Effects v w 1 thence upward to the compartment of ot ex ex- e exposed posed hosed film turn The ribbon of or c celluloid passes the lens at nt an average rate of one second Sixteen pictures are arc registered on each foot toot of ot film The automatic shutter at the same time is 15 revolving Ic the closed segment of ot the disk passing the lens during the tiny tiDy interval al which divides the pictures Here Is a queer paradox In the operation operation opera opera- tion of moving mo picture cameras Have Hare you yu ever or read rend a n movie mode stor story in which which- at the e exciting climax of or an all automobile automobile automobile auto auto- mobile race a t duel 1 or a train up hold-up the director tor called to the operator Grind faster faster Such stories arc written by authors who know less about moving wo picture plants plants' than of oC the moon for tor at nt least the they may have hae seen our heavenly neighbor through a telescope It is an nn odd fact tact that the slower a n camera camera cam cam- era ern crank is turned the faster 11 Is the action when projected on ou the theater screen If It the picture of a n ml man n walking is to tobe tobe be shown with the freakish effect 0 of his making faster taster time than an automobile the speed of the camera Is slowed down rather than tuned up And this is the reason When the film Is h run through at atthe atthe atthe the or ordinary Inar r te r-te te of or sixteen pictures to a a secom second sixteen separate motions of ot the pedestrians pedestrian's body are recorded on the film tUm Then the gear is changed so that only w one c exposures 1 a second Is Is' Is made Instead of m J. J sixteen In the In 4 space of ot a a single picture f t the theone e man pIau advances c as ns far with one motion i J. of hl his body s 's as he had gone goner using sixteen hl motions n shown hown with filth the former gear genre h When the completed picture Is shown on r Ii lIlt I A ll theater the the theater screen reeD the pedestrian appears toof to tobe he be scooting 5 J I s g out of ol sight instead of ot f 1 1 If Al ambling l leisurely surel and ond gracefully with I I 1111 every motion 51 of less legs and body faithfully ytre re recorded W That Is one ODe reason why the camera op operator operator op- op must be a man of ot Icy blood and a 3 W lack Ilick of Ct emo emotion lon If It lie he became excited excited ex ex- WA cited and began turning fast he be would Z l Wb make pictures of ot the pursuit of ot a horse borc Iw thief by bT cowboys cowboys a a a. snails snail's pace affair which could be tuned to a funeral march Tb The me o operator must bl have his eye on his I finder fiDder l lens lelus n. n at all times time This lens len Is n Ii duplicate of ot the ph photographing lens and shows him the upside down upside down image of ot the exact scene as 1 it t is being imprinted on IllA tb the film The finder tinder lens shows him I everything c as os It goes Into 0 the film If It itIs it itis itis I is nn an Indoor scene Icene the camera camera is adjusted 0 W h rigidly dJ before the studio stage Outdoors W. W the operator must tilt tUt and ond pam pam his camera cam cam- IIA era as the scene scene ne shifts shUts or nr as ns the actors lb I Im m move re out of h his s range rl of or focus on either cither hI side Tilting the camera Is moving It up and down To pam Is to shift shirt It side- side wise 4 Stage Nine Feet Away rEach r 1 I Each Ench camera is equipped with four tour p photographic lenses Their hell sizes are are fifty millimeters seventy five ev five nty-five millimeters Rn I h six inched The The eye yeU of ot the camera camern sees a constantly or st widening space in the form torm of ot ofa a 1 a triangle gle When hen using g the millimeter fifty l lens legs ns the stage tor foreground is iq generally nine d bt b t feet ct away ny from t the c camera At t this Is ls 1 If 1111 7 1 tance the lens can sec see n a stage space four tOur U I feet four tour Inches Inches' in width Thirty feet teet r PI If laway l a away way generally the furthermost sta s stage age c W WI U lull background u d of ot an indoor setting selling the space taken in by the lens is sixteen d t 1 feet e t. t 1 J b. All the lenses stud a n wheel on which i 7 they they can easily b bo be In position In I front of ot the automatic shu shutter tho point 1 i where herc t the e film Is exposed I- I I. f f fl A X register bu n th the side Bide of ot the camera is Js isa l a taximeter as It records th the r number Q P pf f feet of ot film which have haTe been WI I exposed SC and n the de degree f c of ot shutter expos expos- f ore ure r How the moving mo ng picture reel is devel deTe developed oiled In a into oa positive print h how w It Is edited fib I i by bythe the producer producer producer-aud and howit Is duplicated l c l in tawny many prints prints' f that KO-that the same snIDe 1 scenes scenes may be shown at the same time tilDe allover all I over OTer the American continent will continent will be told toM next week t together with some of tho the unique and surprising 8 tricks of ot th the tho trade 1 I |