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Show Till; III I I I I I . BINGHAM M(N. ! I Ml Liberal Ground Swell Sweeping Over Europe Underground Coalesces Democratic Groups In Fight for Popular Government; Look to 'Big Three.' By BAUKIIAGE flfnii Analyst and Commentator WNU Service, Cnion Trust Building Washington, D. C. As the New Year approaches, Washington is preparing to experi-ence the results of two titanic strug-gles which will chart the course fol-lowed by this nation and the world In the decades ahead. One contest will be witnessed on the floors of congress. The other in some unnamed spot where Presi-dent Roosevelt, Prime Minister Churchill, Marshal Stalin and per-haps General De Gaulle will sit down and try to agree on details of the framework of an international or-ganization for the maintenance of peace. The election was supposed to have settled the old issue of "isola-tionism versus internationalism" but those terms were far too indefinite to delimit any lasting decisions and since November our allies have been strewing land-mine- s of doubt along the way, causing many cases of jitters in con-gress. There will be debate in the senate flavored with remarks, the tenor of those which criticized the British course in Greece. As to the battle behind closed doors, you can imagine that the American viewpoint will need all the support the President can rally behind it, to overcome the tendency liberation, who had such character and personality that he is univer-sally accepted, acclaimed and fol-lowed by the entire nation as our leading member of the resistance." The last seven words are the Important ones "as our leading member of the resistance." In other words, De Gaulle was able to lead his fellow countrymen into liberation without chaos because he had the approval of the most ac-tive and most militantly democrat-ic elements of the underground. New Spirit In Greece Papandreou, premier of Greece during the revolt, with all his vir-tues, was no De Gaulle in that re- - spect. I was reliably informed that Papandreou had expressed firm sentiments, that he is, as he says, a democrat and a socialist, that he had a clean rec- - ' ord through the occupation. But and what a "but" there is, judged by such standards as I imagine "Franc-Ttreur- " would hold up Papandreou was selected by the King with British consent. The mo-tiv-back of his election may have been honest enough and practical enough from the standpoint of the old order. Here was a man with a good record who, it would seem, could reconcile the rovalists and the of Messrs. Churchill, Stalin and De Gaulle to fall into all the old bad habits of their happy power politics days. In order to understand the differ-ences which have already arisen be-tween those who support British armed intervention in Greece and those who support the state depart-ment's action in protesting against It, it is necessary to take a look be-hind the scenes and see what these forces are which are bound to shape the new governments of Eu-rope as they are after the period of democratic hibernation during Nazi-Fasci- occupation or control. U. S. Favors Self Rule leftists. But that formula itself violates the very principles of the new order, and when the began to feel that the cabinet was monarchist and British-made- , they withdrew and their followers refused to give up their weapons. All armed groups in Greece not absorbed officially by the army were ordered to turn in their arms. The police, of course, did not turn In their arms and they were the same police who had helped the pre-war Metaxas dictatorship, and later the Germans, "keep order." The "sacred battalion." a group com-posed Cfliefiy of former Greek off-icers who fought bravely beside the Allies all through the African cam-paign (and were charged with con-taining a strong monarchist ele- - In the first place, there is a pow-erful, liberal-oriente- d ground swell to be discerned everywhere if we look for it. It is the belief that, even-tually, this force will dominate, which has prompted the American "hands-oiT- " policy Uncle Sam merely says: "Let tl. people of the various countries choose the form of government they want. Those who want democracy enough will get it it there is no outside interference." That is one thing to bear in mind. Another is that this ground swell, as I call It, is the result of many dif-ferent factors not merely hun-ger and discontent or faith and en-lightenment; not only inspiration or desperation, but aspiration as well, aspiration toward the natural his-torical and evolutionary goals of progress which are a part of man's eternal strueele for lihprtv. ment) was not disbanded but became a part of the army. Translate the above into terms of the French attitude and see how Impossible acceptance of a Greek government such as that could be to groups thinking as the French resistance groups think. There is every reason to believe that the leftist movement in Greece and elsewhere in Europe, even where the majority of their leaders may be led by communists (as was not the case in Greece) is actually at heart a drive against tyranny and toward democracy. Here again it might be wise to examine some of the opinion ex-pressed by Frenchmen now back-ing the De Gaulle provisional gov-ernment which is a product of the fnrrpc Imilflr tn thofift nnpratinp in other liberated countries. The leading editorial in the December issue of "Free France," Uiat attractive and informative magazine published in New York by the French provisional government, gives the reasons for the change of attitude toward the French com-munists as follows: 1. The French communist party joined the resistance movement and later gave its allegiance to De Gaulle's national committee. 2. The Comintern was dissolved. 3. The communists rendered in-valuable aid to the resistance movement. 4. The striking collaboration of all French patriots in the underground struggle removed many prejudices, including the suspicion of "com- - munists sans patrie" (a political group with loyalty to no fatherland), j The editors of Free France cau- - tiously state that it is too early to j answer the important question: Have the French communists ac-cepted democracy as it is under-stood by the western democracies? Nevertheless, they note for the rec-ord that so far "the communists The reaction against Nazi tyranny and the successful resistance to German control in the form of the underground, generated certain forces toward freedom and inde-pendence. The underground made Its own laws, gave opportunity for the coalescence and strengthening of all democratic movements. It was natural when the Germans were driven out that these forces re-fused to bow to representatives of any regime, no mattter how benefi-cent, if it had about it even the slightest odor of sanctified feudal-ism. It is necessary to get this premise firmly fixed in our minds or else fall into the error of writing off ev-ery revolutionary movement as "communist," including sbme cer-tainly no whit less virtuous than our own in 1776. It is well to study the France of today in this connection, and inter-esting to note the comment which appeared in the French press at the time of the first revolts in Belgium and later in Greece where Allied support was given the government in power The "Franc-Tireur,- " whose name indicates the "underground" flavor of its opinion, explains why, so far, France has had no such inter-nal trouble. "It has been our great good for-tune," it says, "to have a man to protect our honor and prepare the helped to draw up the National Re- - sistance council program of March, 1944. tacitly accepting the democrat-ic principle" and "the abolition of private property is not listed among the immediate demands of the com-munist party " !1 Lint From a Blue Serge Suit: it. 'fore Morton Downey departed for overseas he was the only enter-tainer invited to perform before all :hiefs of staff in Washington. Gen. Hap Arnold threw it. . . . Tony Martin, the screen star thrush, Is now a staff sgt. with the Army in France. . . . Eileen Barton, Si-natra's new canary (and so easy on the ears, too), is making beautiful melodies with an iwoon-singe- r named Tad Bruce. ... Radio reports a 400 million dollar "take" for 1944. Highest ln- -' come in radio history. . . . Wendell Corey (he plays the lead opposite star Gertrude Lawrence in her new touring show) had a tiny part as a sergeant in "Follow the Girls." . . . Wonderful little Margaret O'Brien is waiting permish from her movie boss to do her own radio program. Heading a panel of quiz kidlets. . . . According to an OPA bulletin there are 30 billion cigarettes in stores in the U. S. right now. The Intelligentsia: John B. Ken- - nedy is one of the few news analysts who can take the teletype's prosaic reports and turn them into words that march like armies. He steam-rollered American bigots and left them flatter than their heads. . . . CBS reporter Bill Downs' deft de-scription of captured Nazis: "They have the look of men caught steal-ing." . . Criticism over the film, "The 7th Cross" (alleging it por-trayed "good" Germans), astonished author Helen Deutsch, who points out that the action in it takes place In 1936 when the underground Ger-mans were trying to purge the na-tion of the wicked, etc. The good Germans, she adds, included the Manns, Einsteins and other refu-- i gees. . . . Pert Lee Carson, the INS girl correspondent covering the war in Europe, Inherited the spot vacated by the ailing Richard Tre-- j gaskis. She's with the 1st Arii.y. Richard was invalided home after more years of war than most men would care to have any part of. . . . Irving Berlin, his own music pub-- i lisher since Sept. 15th, has already sold 700,000 copies of two songs: "White Christmas" and "Always." The latter is 18 years old. Quotation Marksmanship: H. G. Wells: Moral indignation is jealousy with a halo. . . . Anon: Snow slowly laundering the countryside. . . . The quote recently credited to H. Broun, "Experience is what men call their mistakes." should have been credited to O. Wilde. Then we are informed that Musset once penned: "Experience is the name men give to their follies or their sorrows." . . . Alan Gale: Was it the Atlantic Charter or just so much Atlantic chatter? . . . Bob Burns' advice to after-dinne- r speakers: Stand up to be seen, sneak ud to be heard and shut up to be appreciat-ed! . . . Eggleston: Journalism is organized gossip. The Wireless: We liked the re-union with Roy Shields' show. This listener hasn't had an opportunity to enjoy it for some time. It re- - mains displaying silky music trimmed with literary lace continuity. . . . Ethel Barrymore's regular spot on the dial proves ra-dio drama has emerged from the knee-pant- s stage, despite soft soap operas. Amazing how ordinary dia-logue glitters when it comes in con-tact with Ethel's magical voice. . . . Within three hours one station stabs the air with 25 singing commercial smellodies. One dose of that and you turn into Marconi's sworn ene my. . . . Wheezes about shortages skidded into deserved oblivion re-cently, but the ciggie shortage spoiled it. If you recall the cracks about sugar, coffee, meat, et all, you know all the cigags. The Story Tellers: For those wrapped in the illusion that fame comes on a silver platter, Pic mag traces careers of various celebs and proves no one climbs the ladder of success without picking up splinters. . . .In the Atlantic Monthly, W Lippmann examines the stumbling blocks that might become tomb-stones for the post-wa- r world. You don't have to wait for tomorrow's events to confirm his warnings just read today's front pages. . Ira Woifert turns in a vivid job of trans lating soldiers' emotions with his typewriter via Esquire. A GI's long-ing for home is something so great "it takes the mind up as with teeth nd shakes it and bangs it and rakes it with aching." . . Drew Pearson gets as much out of tea- - leaves as Aladdin got from his lamp, His forecast in Cosmopolitan of Al-lied diplomatic troubles in 1945 has already come true. The Magic Lanterns: A cinematic "Winged Victory," is zooming into town loaded with dramatic Dlockbusters exploding emotional dy samite. This is a stirring tribute to America's who nave made the skies safe for 48 stars. Long may they fly! 'Hollywood Canteen" displays a st irring jamboree running the diver sion gamut from ah to zing. Listing Jie Sim's mighty names is all tht jraise it needs. They orovide tht nost potent example of amusemem unce laughs were invented. i 1 American Women Pilots Helped Deliver Planes I Which Enabled Red Armies to Launch Offensive That May Have Been Turning Point of the War By ELMO SCOTT WATSON Released by Western Newspaper Union. THIS is a story of the great summer offensive of the Red army which histo-rians of the future may write ' down as the turning point of the war. It is the little-know- n story of the contribution of a small group of American women to the success of that drive, of the part they played j in making it possible for the determined Russians, who had stopped the Nazi hordes at the gates of Moscow and Stalingrad, to push them back across the plains of White Russia and the mud of Poland to the very German border itself. It is the story of the civilian women ferrying pilots of the Air Transport Command's livery from Niagara to Great Falls is considered a two or three-da- y job, and you'll realize that Miss Grey ... to say the least . . . was working "overtime." Three of the seven de-liveries credited to WASP Mary C. Johnson were made over a period a record of which any pi-lot, man or woman, may well be proud when one considers the sheer physical exertion involved. But while WASP Grey's feat of making a one-da- y delivery and WASP Johnson's feat of three de-liveries in 12 days are outstanding examples of WASP performance, they are not really unusual. The records of the Third Ferrying group WASP detachment show that all of these women pilots are hard-workin- g and conscientious. There's Bet-ty Archibald rnd Pat Dickerson with records of two deliveries in eight days. There are Grace Burge and Virginia Claire with two deliveries each in 10 days. And the chances are that it was weather which kept division, a skilled, determined and courageous little group from among the members of the Women's Air Force Serv-ice pilots, popularly known as WASPs. This story begins just about a year ago. The "clouds of planes" which President Roosevelt had promised at the beginning of the war (and at which our enemies had scoffed) were rolling from American produc-tion lines. Lend-Leas- e was making these planes, especially the fighter planes, available to our allies, the Russians. But it's a "long, long trail" from the factories of America to the Eastern front it winds from the Bell Aircraft factory in Niagara Falls. N. Y.. across the fertile Mis- - some of these girls from equaling the record of WASP Johnson. When the movement started, these women ferry pilots were not trusted as on the "long, long trail." They were assigned as wing-me- n to experienced male pilots fa-miliar with the route. But as they gained experience through hard work they were graduated to the fly alone class, and now they take their turns flying alone, still rushing planes to the Russians. But the "long, long trail" is not the only place in which the civilian women pilots of the Air Transport Command's ferrying division have proved their worth in the two years since Mrs. Nancy Harkness Love formed the first women's ferrying BBIO. GEN. BOB E. NOWLAND Then, it became a question of manpower, of availability of pilots to keep pace with the output of the pro-duction lines To meet this emer-gency, the ferrying division decid-ed to utilize the services of its quali-fied and trained civilian women fer-rying pilots on the domestic section of the "long, long trail." Each male pilot released from the 1,800-mil- trip from Niagara Falls to Great Falls simply meant one more male pilot for the long, dangerous hop from Great Falls to Nome. These women hadn't been flying fighter planes . . . light ships had been their assignments in the past . . . but they had long experience, nours in tne air ana, wnn a snor period of transition training, the; were ready for the task. It wasn't a glamorous one. Thi ferry pilot of the Army's Air Trans port Command is a hard-workin- g in dividual who lives out of his B-- 4 bag, spends long stretches of timt away from his home base, flies long hours and encounters little of the glamour, the heroics and the recog-nition that come to the combat pilot. These Women's Air Force Service pilots were going to share that lot with the men. So their story can't be one of glamour either. It's mere-ly the record of a job well done. By comparison with the number of male pilots engaged in the operation, the WASPs were a small group. But by comparison, the job they did sissippi valley, the great plains of the West, the Rocky mountains, the wilds of Canada and Alaska, the steppes of Siberia and the Ural mountains to Moscow, and then the Eastern fighting front. How to get these fighter planes to the Russian front and especially to deliver them in time for the great Russian ofTensive that was the question. To fly them there seemed to be the logical way, but fighters, with their limited range, must avoid long overwater flights. An overland route was needed. That need had been foreseen long before and the "trail," previously mentioned, had already been established by the Air Transport command's ferrying divi-sion and its Alaskan division. The War department accorded No. t equaled the performance of their male partners. They delivered from Niagara to Great Falls sufficient planes to com-pletely arm a half dozen Russian squadrons, and they did such a workmanlike job that their loss ra-tio compares favorably with that of the men. In fact, only three Aira-cobra- s leaving Niagara with a WASP at the controls failed to reach Great Falls. The normal flying time from N-iagara to Great Falls is approximate-ly nine hours, but the lapsed time on the average delivery probably is three times that great, considering that the ferrying division demands almost perfect weather conditions for the operation of fighter aircraft, and that winter through Minnesota, the Dakotas and Montana and in 1 priority to the movement of Amer-ican planes to the Russian armies and the problem of getting them there was assigned to the ATC fer-rying division, commanded by Brig. Gen. Bob E. Nowland, to its pilots and its groups. As a matter of fact, planes of many types were moved to the fighting fronts, taken there by men pilots, both American and Rus-sian. But this story deals only with the fighter planes and the Women's Air Force Service pilots. The ferrying division's third fer-rying group, based at Romulus. Mich., was assigned the mission of ferrying the deadly, fast Airacobra from the Bell factory in Niagara Falls to Great Falls, Mont., where the Seventh Ferrying group took over for the delivery to the Rus-sians at Fairbanks and at Nome. Mrs. Lenore Louise McElroy, op-erations officer of the WASP squad-ron of the Third Ferrying Group at Romulus field, Mich. WASP McEl-roy recently made aviation history when she delivered a big Consolidat-ed "Catalina" flying boat (desig-nated by the Navy as PBYs and by the Army as OA-lO- s) at one of the aviation fields in this country. It was the first time one of these big ships has ever been flown by a wom-an pilot. Since then she has flown more than 80 hours in this type of ship, adding the time to her already impressive total of more than 3,000 pilot hours. squadron at the 2nd Ferrying Group base, Wilmington, Del., on Septem-ber 10, 1942. Since that date women pilots as-signed to the Ferrying Division have flown more than 7.500,000 miles fer-rying planes from factories to des-tinations within the United States. Originally assigned only to light liai-- iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii mum' i "I'llOii "- "- I? j. w the Great Lakes region of the Mid-dle West often is far below the mini-mum required. And when a delivery is complet-ed from Niagara Falls to Great Falls, the pilot must return to the Third Ferrying Group, a ride on the special crewliners pro-vided by the military air transport section of the ferrying division for just that purpose. Yet, despite the ruggedness of the trip, WASPs of the Third Ferrying group delivered Russia-boun- d fight-ers from Niagara to Great Falls in a single day. delivered three planes in ten days, which is a feat to equal the best performances of their male coworkers. Barbara Donahue, commanding officer of the Third Ferrying group, WASP detachment at Romulus, paced the delivery of Russia-boun- d fighters for her detachment, with nine to her credit, while WASP Mary C. Johnson of the Third group ranked second in the list of individu-al achievement with seven as her score. WASP Ellen Grey is one of the few pilots who can boast of a one-da- y delivery from Niagara to Great Falls, a flight accomplished in eight hours and 18 minutes of actual time in the air. and an elapsed time of approximately 11 hours. Consider that five hours in the air is consid-ered a day's work by the average fighter pilot and that the usual de- - son and training type planes, they now are qualified to fly 68 different types of ships, ranging from heavy four-engin- e bombers down. Of their number, 16 per cent arc qualified to fly class four planes such as the Billy Mitchell and Marauder medium bombers, and 98 per cent have made deliveries in class three planes such as twin-engin- e trans-ports. But, in the ferrying division, emphasis is placed on the ferrying of lighter type planes and fighter planes, and it is significant to note that 68 per cent of the women pilots in this division are now qualified fighter pilots, making regular deliv-eries of Airacobras, Mustangs, Thunderbolts and Warhawks. Of even greater significance is the fact that 100 per cent of these pilots hold army instrument ratings and are qualified to make cross country flight under weather conditions which require the use of instru-ments. Barbara Donahue, commanding officer of the WASP squadron of the Third Ferrying Group, based at Romulus field, Mich., poie beside one of the nine Bell Airacobras which she delivered over the "long, long tnail" from Niagara Falls, N. Y., to Great Falls, Mont. jCLASSIFI? DEPARTME1 OFFICE EQUIPME WE BUT AND HELL Office Furniture, Flies. Typewriter! lag Machines. Safes. Cash Regtsti SALT LAKE DESK EXCOAN( M West Bra4wajr. 8U Lake CUy, POULTRY WHITE LEGHORN CHI INSURE your poultry future with om pure top ranking money making sti Leghorn e hicks hatched from breedin I to 8 years old. Straight run Si I let chicks $28.00. Cockerel chicks IS 100 Volume discount. We pay expie 36 Tears Experience Write ler Factual Folder GRAHAM HATCHERY A PI'I.LET HATWARD. CALIF. SCHOOLS Salt Lake Barber Collej Formerly 'Moler's" Edw. F. Oil Mgr. Classes now starting. Write formaUon. 170 Regent St.. Salt Lai TRAPPER'S SUPPL Edwards' Wolf in one night that Free . and Instructions. 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S y II more people were aware of must constantly rrn Wfm plus fluid, exe ss acids and other matter that cannot stay In l' f"WpL, without injury to hralth, thT'.W be better understanding or 'f H whole system is upset when k'.. .''' a to function properly. S Burning, scanty or too frequc't oK tlon sometimes warns that F :lfiH Is wrong. You may suffer naggg ache, headaches, dizziness, r!:''u"B pains, gelling up at nights, s'i ;IK1 Why not try Doan'i Villi! 0JW be using a medicine recommcr.dwK country over. Doan'g stimulate L'1H tion of the kidneys and help (!" flush out poisonous waste lr0,"JK.ii blood. They contain nothing -- a". Get Doan's today. Use with confm, At all drug stores. til 1 ITlTl 1 JLm n1 illfi,,' Political Parties Forge ttl In Many Local Electil Despite the dominance of M ical parties in this country, I sands of local public officesB filled today in nonpartisan a maries and elections, says I lier's. California, North Dal and many other states vote fol judicial and local officers witl the use of party designatl while Minnesota and Nebrl also choose members of theirl islatures by this system. Moreover, 1,248 of our cities with over 5,000 populJ elect their councilmen on noJ tisan ballots. J The Old Serjeant Didn't W ant to Be a "Petticoat Herder The sergeant was "Old Army." Hash marks indicating nearly 30 years of service adorned his left sleeve, topped by the stripes of a master sergeant. So, you can imagine his reaction when, on reporting as crew chief on an army flying boat, he found a woman civilian pilot of the Ferrying Division Air Transport Command at the cor.trols, another in the co-pilot's seat. ""Aftijr 30 years in trie Army I herd Petticoats," the sergeant mumbled to other male members of the crew. Grumbling, he supervised the starting of the engines Grumbling, he settled back in the depths of his humiliation as the huge plane took ' off, bound for delivery under lend-- ; lease to the British at Montreal. "Women fiyin' in the Army." he muttered in disgust, adding for "and me with 'em Hell!" But on arrival at Montreal, it was a different story "I'm sorry, mum," the sergeant greeted his pilot, "for what I said back there I'd a dum sight ruther ride with you than a lot of them young fellows." That, remarked WASP Pilot Le-nore McElroy, a veteran woman civ ilian pilot with 3,000 air hours to her credit, "was about the finest compliment I ever received " You see. the sergeant is crowding 50 ano any male who flies a plane is a "young fellow" in his vernacular. I B R I E F S . . . by Baukhage There is a new dodge in A black money market which cashes big checks, thus preventing the record of deposits. But look out, some of those cash deposits may bounce as high as a rubber check. That great sporting race, the Japs, recently organized a weight-carryin- g race around the island of Java. The natives did the carrying. Great Britain has found that true love (even in Greece) doesn't always run smooth. i The appointment of Archibald h as assistant secretary of state was opposed by certain sena-tors and others on the ground that he was a poet It is well they didn't have to pass on the confirma-- I tion of John Hay! |