Show Lords Militarists Joined In German Change I Monocle Cabinet Drawn From Factions Powerful in Kaisers Kaiser's Day Editors Editor's Note Germany has turned to the right for lor its latest cabinet The von regime known as the monocle cabinet German aristocrats largely affect affect af of- the single eyepiece eyepiece is is gathered gathered gathered gath gath- ered from the elements powerful In fri the days of th the kaiser The background of the overthrow overthrow overthrow over over- throw of the moderate Chancellor Chancel Chancel- lor br Heinrich Bruening and accession accession accession sion of the thc man once named as a aGerman aGerman aGerman German plotter in America Is presented by the United Press in inthe inthe inthe the following article the first of ofa a series eries S By FREDERICK Copyright ht 1932 by United d Press BERLIN June 6 Junker 6 Junker lords of the be vast Prussian estates captains of the he heavy industry in the Rhine and nd Ruhr militarists who yearn earn forthe for fori the he days das of th the ther army's glory and last but ut not least the thc fascist have lave joined hands to overthrow the thc thelast thelast last ast of ot a line Une of moderate cabinets through backstairs plotting and in- in ngue In-I In Their coup was bloodless and more effective than the fated ill Kapp putsch of the thc Munich beer cellar putsch for these mighty forces that hearken back to the kaiser days achieved power where the putsch leaders failed The Thc cabinet Is headed by Oberst Oberst- Franz von late of the thc service of ot Majest Wilhelm der er and known throughout the he world because of hi his ejection from the he United States Slates as a too zealous German plotter in the thc war years ears REAL POWER But the real power in this new era of oC f barons baron counts and adherents of the he AncIen regime is General Kurt von ron Schleicher minister of defense who vho with control of the in n his hand is as potentially mighty as s a real dictator Schleicher heavy heavyset set et and of the thc Prussian type is the theman theman theman man to whom the look for tor real eal domination once they 3 assume sume the reins eins of government as they expect to o do before long The republic still stands and republican republican re reo re- re publican elements clements are sounding a call of battle against the thc growth of the power lower of the right parties But the theatter's latt atter's latter's rs r's s sweep has been increasingly great creat and between the popular call calland calland calland and the machinations of the barons of steel and coal and great Prussian manors these fascist forces have achieved a a strong grasp on authority The von von Schleicher cabinet cabnet cab- cab net met will rule without the restraining hand land of an unfriendly reichstag for that hat body has been dissolved Von Schleicher whose friends were stationed in the highest government councils next to HIndenburg and Chancellor Bruening knew every move of the president and chancellor usually at it its inception Double crossing was r ram rampant a m p pan a n t among eminent government officials whose loyalty loyally to the administration had lad been considered impeccable These men anon have been exposed as plotting plot plot- ting ing the governments government's overthrow through conn connivance ance with von Sch t h r o 0 u ugh g h connivance with von Schleicher The Thc truth could not have been surprising surprising surprising sur sur- to Bruening when it became public property the day after his dismissal dis missal as he lay abed sick of a heart attack BROKE TRADITION TRI The chancellor had broken the postwar post post- war yar tradition of reliance upon par par- acy and he had perched the governments government's power out outon outon outon on a limb with Hindenburg's sup port The Thc field marshals marshal's warm friendship friend friend- ship hip for his chancellor began to cool when Bruening's attempt in January to prolong the thc presidents president's term by a reichstag vote proved a failure When von van Schleicher forced the thc resignation of ot Bruening's chief minster min mm- ister ster of defense Wilhelm Groener Greener hIstory again recorded the thc proposition tion ion that n a weak civil government alays always al- al ways ays brings the military party to the thc fore ore The Thc antl antI Groener intrigue was Intended In In- tended ended to conciliate Hitler whose brown rown militia was outlawed by Groe- Groe nero ncr er Bruening already a lonely man and nd lacking the confidence of some of f his compatriots in the thc government performed e end endless ii d I 1 e s s bureaucratic chores hores himself while state papers accumulated accumulated ac ac- cumulated on his desk The loss of Groener one of his chief links with Hindenburg caused Bruening's Bruen Bruen- I ings ing's aspirations to totter Then the plotters arranged the thc presidents president's sudden sudden sudden sud sud- den departure for east Prussia where personal visits telegrams and letters letterstrom from his old war cronies among the junkers completed the thc breach between between be be- tween the thc two Disregarding the stream of hundreds hundreds hun hun- of millions of marks which the government pumped into their bankrupt bankrupt bankrupt bank bank- rupt estates the junkers or Prussian feudal landowners rebelled against Bruening They persuaded Hinden burg to refuse to sign Bruening's decree decree de do cree allotting about a million acres of junker estate for settling the unemployed unemployed un un- un employed on farms The junkers cried because the Bruening government was unwilling to pay them prosperity prices for unprofitable land that already already al ala al- al ready was mortgaged to the hilt Among the thc most influential of those who Induced Hindenburg to drop Bruening was the presidents president's aged friend Elard von Oldenburg Janu Janu- a junker member of the reich reich- stag He is remembered for his prewar pre war pronouncement that the kaiser must always be able to send a lieutenant lieutenant lieu lieu- tenant and 10 soldiers to dissolve the reichstag The junker revolt paralleled the military intrigues and also coincided with the maturing plans of the industrialists industrialists indus indus- whose newspaper Berg Berg- announced on May 19 Its desire to oust Bruening in favor of an out and dictatorship The Thc industrialists industrialists industrialists in in- wanted a capital solution to the economic crisis regardless of the fact that approximately 80 per percent percent percent cent of the deputies elected in the recent state polls used slogans In their campaigns and 90 DO per percent percent percent cent of the the- population was reckoned The chief representative of the thc industrialists industrialists in in- In the Bruening cabinet was vas the thc chemical trusts trust's director Hermann Hermann Her Her- mann who resigned as minister of commerce a month ago because because because be be- cause he opposed the chancellors chancellor's intention in intention in in- of maintaining employers' employers compulsory contributions to social insurance insurance in in- and unemployment relief entry into the thc von cabinet in the two fold capacity of or mini minister ter of commerce and labor indicated indicated indicated in in- that with Bruening discarded the industrialists expect von to fulfill their wishes wishes' In the final analysis the growth of was the major cause of the crisis One election after another showed t the h e Hindenburg Hindenburg-Bruen ng governments government's popular following was shrivelling though evidence that the vo voters rs wanted von was lacking I |