Show I Among the he j BY P A YODER E II i PART III Dow the Y a It seems Jk an ip ap o in a desert to find after many wholly Chi Chinese Chinese nese villagers ind cities to get to a European settlement s of some open port city Such is I on o the Klang the southern terminus of the Belgian railroad running south from rom Pekin Great warehouses office buildings business blocks consulates and residences for are I A long the river at The old i section of Is dingy ind nd squalid as are nearly all the native cit t s What a steamship agent aget said about in answer to our inquiries may bo be said with equal force dree concerning concern In Ii many others of these Chinese cities There are no sights In but there are arc plenty of smells 13 15 one of ot the moE noted tea shipping and in n a s sense nse are ar responsible ble bie for far getting good workers worker get seta a squeeze of about 5 per cent Of this squeeze a portion must go to the corn com who Is 15 the Chinese g n for the e European business men and the Chinee customers This c In his turn pays squeezes to other ther higher officials and so on until the emperor himself gs a squeeze out of ot every eV ry poor coolies meager earnings The coolies are a patient hardworking cla and they work long hours houri cheerfully They rarely make trouble for tor their employers for they are glad to t have th the work w rk Some foreign residents explained d t to tous tous us that very every foreign lam fam family fly ily has ha at least three servants the house boy who is in a busi bust business busIness ness manager as well vell as a R general genral gerl er errand rand tand boy chambermaid etc the cook ook and the coolie who does the tile hard and arni I dirty work about the tM house and grounds ground If there are re small children inthe In I Ithe the family a woman servant the ain aia At a Canton butcher shop Preparing dog for market At the City of th the Dead Canton 5 L t l 7 f 4 S 4 4 S Sp p c rc I L 4 4 N 4 4 4 na r I 4 t 4 r i 4 4 4 y i p f 4 j 4 44 Q 4 4 J I I 1 House boats in Canton river Temple of 50 genii Chinese n Cemetery points ill in the world there ther being bling large districts above abo engaged in Its Us tion We oan see on almost any day crowds of carrying the large tta ta boxt box encased oo in coarse matting from x steamer Here is the starting place of r these boxes which I live a e become familiar sights to our gro gre grot t rs and tee tea m hants all over our ourt j mf me country te t C iv were ere surprised to find the Yang lang langse t I se so large a stream in this portion cf rf its us course ourse A considerable fleet of f m rt ply between en n Han kow and ShanghaI some even evet i ig ig along the coast to other Chinese and Japanese Japan e ports p Most of the country down to Shanghai Sh 1 Is very flat though t ough v e p 4 pass some hilly sections with their pU situated little cities and the old walls winding over the high hills lulls The steamer call at a number of or orpen pen open ports along the route and as a rule ue H P haVe hae time to stroll through the cit cities citIes ies ifs nil the freight is being discharged or cr loaded As el in the orient orients so s here the usual method ot of handling freight is coolies to carry It Some Inquiries as a to the pay thee these laborers labore get het elicited the reply that they the g t about twenty to thirty cents Mexican a flay day It Is further explained that of ot this mount the head hood coolies who do the en m ma i is also needed These servants get I from about 6 to 15 Ui Mexican or half hall that much in United States money a month mouth and board themselves For sleeping places any spare corner like under the stairs or in 10 ft the garret will do These Chinese count themselves very vcr fortunate when they can engage with a white family thus as It Is better pay than they can hope to earn Carn other otherwise otherwise otherwise wise Most fost of the farm or garden work It seems Is done by the owners of the theland theland theland land and their families Where labor is hired we can safely assume that the pay is not higher than for the work mentioned above When we compare the earnings of these coolies of twenty to forty cents Mexican a day with 2 United States gold being paid for common labor in America can we won wonder wonder wonder der that they desire to migrate to America and in a few years to save enough to live Jive at ease In China the rest of their lays days When we add tb the above information the statement st sl made to jo us that a Chinaman can live on five cents Mexican a day can we wonder that the American laborer wants ants the shutout from our au country c On the other hand when we consider the independence of American laborers oft often often often en bordering on Insolence towards the the occasional treachery I of labor organizations can we S wonder onder that the th American employer r would gladly gl avail himself of imported labor if ito our r laws permitted 1 Disposal of of Sewage at On various vadous occasions oc we were i at the success of or the farmers and rid gardener in China and Japan in keep keeping keepIng keepIng ing up the fertility of their land laid In spite of an Intensive system of o lf farming In this connection n some som notes concerning conc Uie Ule disposal of o the sewage or night soU at may interest the agricultural readers as well as those interested In city sanitation A very striking feature f ture of especially after visiting some of the he dirty dItty old l Chinese cities clUes is the ness The following notes I gathered from front an n interview with somei or of the government officials The mation maion wits was w s given out unofficially and If any errors have crept n IJ they are probably the writers errors For the I city of Victoria which constitutes the I main part of the tIle population of Hong kong two contracts are arc let one for gen general general eral oral scavenging and the other for tor the cleaning and the removal of f the collected from private residences This Thle latter contractor tor must musty send collectors each day be between between between tween midnight and morning to collect the from the public water closets from all government buildings including the soldiers barracks and n from about large European dwell dwellings ings in the hill district He must mut also receive In boats In the harbor and transport away all the collect collected ed daily dally from the private dwellings numbering some not located In the hill bill district The collecting from these latter dwellings however is not at the contractors contractor s expense but at the house householders householders householders holders and averages about 1 to Mexican for each residence All the thus collected be becomes becomes becomes comes the property of the contractor and instead of receiving pay from the city for doing this work he pays the city cit r a sum of about 6 OO Mexican an annually annually for the privilege This he can afford to do because of his income from the sale of the to Canton CantonI growers of ot mulberry trees for f or silk pro production production I and to rice farmers and garden I ers em to be used as a fertilizer for the soil 1 Thus for a city with a population of population we find that the soll which in American cities ie is as worse than waste has a commercial lal value of gold besides l the c st of collecting much of it and andr r transporting away all of pf fit it Yet we 1 find farmers in America who are so soI neglectful I of replenishing the fertility of the land s to let go to waste even eyen the more readily available barnyard manure manur manuri i A Day Sightseeing Sights eing in i Canton Canton is a characteristic old Chi Chinese Chinese I nese city and an one days sightseeing in inthis int Inthis t this great metropolis accompanied by byan byI byan an experienced guide gave ne a wider I range of experience of things Chinese Chines I than a day d y spent anywhere else In the ihei he i Chinese empire Canton is easily ac aci accessible i to travelers In the orient by bya a aside ai i side trip from We Ve may rest resti i comfortably during a night in ill our berth on one of the river steamers while white she makes the trip up the river and after the day at Canton we can return in a similar way next night Even before we leave our vessel while it lies at anchor in front of Can Canton Canton ton we are surrounded with interesting spectacles of riverboat life As we land and following the lead of our guide proceed systematically among the sights we have one attraction after another in such rapid succession that It seems more like Uke witnessing ing a show prepared especially for the strangers I entertainment than like seeing the ordinary ordinary ordinary nary everyday life and sights of the city r l Z The population of Canton tanton ant n Is estimated t d dat at about three million thus ranking among the largest cities of the world AS if overflowing from frain the crowded city thousands of families families families lies live lIvo in boats on the river and families live in boats on the river and the canals A dense fringe of native sampans line Une either shore of ot the river I Most of these boats are of a size sufficient sufficient cleat to carry from eight to fifteen per persons persons perSons sons A portion of the boat is covered with matting to give some shelter to the occupants Hard benches or boards serve them as their beds at night A Afew Afew Afew few utensils are on each I I sampan by which they cook their hum humI j t I ble meals A peculiar earthen pot set In InI Inthe inthe I the front end of the boat serves s as cook stove In such homes about the size of a large wagon box families live Jive who Tho II know of no other home Here children are born grow up live and die often not setting foot on land laIl for weeks or for months at a time Just what th these se people do to make a living is not evi evident evident evident dent to the casual observer except that large swarms of the sampans l the arriving steamers to offer otter to take passengers and luggage to o the shore If they are fortunate to et It one lne or two passengers to land and collect 15 cents Mexican from front each the family famil can call feast for a few days Possibly the men anI also alo the women get work loading or unloading cargoes In which case caseby caseby caseby by working hard all day they may ms eai earn n 20 or 30 cents Mexican Any member or members of the family may iray be en engaged engaged at rowing the sampan hut but more frequently it ia la the mother or o laugh laughter ter It is not Uncommon to see a woman tugging hard at the ores orea witti a baby strapped to her back The ch hi hidren dren on the sampans of course like play playas as well as other children though they Have nave no large back or front yards ards yet they manage to get some amuse amusement amusement amusement ment chasing each other over the lock 1011 locking ing boats stepping or leaping from one oneto oneto oneto to the other r as freery tre ty as if on terra firma On landing we at once engage sedan chairs for tor each of us and for our guide using three or four coolies for each chair and with this train of chairs we proceed to see Canton The he Shameen oV or r foreign settlement of Canton anton forms fornis a remarkable contrast with Canton proper or th City In he le former we have large substantial buildings with wide streets beautiful lawns comfortable parks etc In the latter we have low buildings densely crowded together with scarce scarcely ly a space left to plant a tree tr e pi pr shrub With our train of chairs chaira we ve cro cross s the canal and are at once In old Canton We plunge into the crowd up seems seems like a narrow hallway our at hair I coolies yelling as they go at a lively pace and the crowd making way wa for forus f forus r rus us to pass We are Inclined to t 3 won Win wonder wander Winder der to what street or place this hall hallway war way Is a shortcut route but we keep on going through such a narrow pass passage passage passage age and turn and go a R long distance again through another similar ag and thus keep on turning now one way wa and now the other and going on and alid andon ot oJ on through like narrow places which we now learn are their regular streets If such we may call them They are frequently barely wide enough for two chairs to pass and at some places we actually had to crowd partly into an open shop front while some Important big chair passed us To turn corners it sometimes was w s necessary sary to run the poles pole of ot the chairs into the shops to make the turn It in Is qute quite evident why we found bund no here in which to make the trip over the tho city for these carts small though they be would be too wide to pass Jass each ea h hother other In these streets I As is to be expected of such a 11 city Canton has its quota of temples temple but they are not as grand as those thos at Pe Pekin Pekin kin We visited some of the there more in Int interesting t erest ng ones including the Temple of f the Genii the Temple ot o the Doc Doctor DoctOr tor of Medicine where the afflicted worship an idol that Is supposed ti t le lestore i 1 e estore estore 1 store them to health the Temple T mple rf 4 t f Horrors here the devil is imaged as us being subjected to most terrible toi tOl J tures and the Temple of ot Ancestors AnC of f the Chun Family where any of this great family may ma have a tab tablet tabI tAblet let inscribed to his hI memory and inci incidentally dentally his wealth advertised for tor the size and location of at the tablet is con n ed upon the amount am aunt contributed Ii I Ito to this temple Another 1 la e where the wealthy may do especial honor tot to 1 their dead ancestors is ih i the City of or orthe the Dead near the great burial fields outside the city wall Here for a month monthly ly rental of from 2 to 5 a R month a room may ay be rented in which is placed the Pie casket with the remains of the dead ancestor A table is pro provided provided vided upon which the descendants from time to time place food for the spirit of I the dead The attendant each morning sets ou a fresh cup of tea and cake A few things like this gives us a fair idea of how materialistic is the China mans man s ancestor worship of which we read so much in all discussions of the religions of the world As in all other Chinese the shops have open fronts and as we move past 1 ast we can see the goods nd operations going on inside It is much like we w had seen in other cities clUes ex excepting e that there is fancy fanc work of all sorts sortie being made Much weaving weavIng weaving ing in silk is done here in private resi residences residences residences dences and it is wonderful what smooth cloth is being made by such hand looms The sale price of the goods was but little below what it could be bought for at home notwithstanding the cheapness of or labor Our machinery mackin ry for making cloth can offset the cheap labor when we get the raw material duty free In tiny little rooms from five to fifteen artisans or salesmen are housed and attend to the business of the shop At meal time they all alt con congregate congregate on about a little table In the r er of ot the shop and dispose of or their chow We conclude that these shopkeepers live in these places pf qt business for we find no residence quarters of city such as we generally find In every American city There are plenty of cook shops scattered through the The fish vendors have fine fish in thai shallow low Jow pans or ot 0 tubs with scarcely enough wat wa r to cover the fish Meat shops have strings of dried fish shrimps duck livers and other articles more ill dif difficult of identification hanging out in front In many places we find one or more mOIe bunches of flat morsels which closer inspection we find to have head body and limbs and a long tail tall that readily Identify I it |