Show r f 4 4 1 l t t if ife I e THE TU HERALDS J 1 Home ore Study Circle jf j f f 4 5 t by b Seymour t jT Directed by Prof Seymour Seyou Eto 41 4 1 41 S LESSONS IN m CONVERSATION t lessons I n ae bc b n br t Prof nr br bY TOT Tims c Home S y Circle Orel Benna Baom Bean E r hb ot of Tt ar tor fM Aw A ri M who tI tb tl nn Thu I on In In elude clad 1 I and an nd phrase 2 easy ea conversation 1 Im and sad Fh 43 3 ons lessons lesson LESSON Ho 10 fl O 0 LE CN Hints flints on Pronunciation 1 We have In French diphthong aa as a aswell well wel as In English The French diphthongs diphthongs thongs however are formed toned and sounded altogether differently A plain rule there therefore therefore fore is Ii that a diphthong Is formed In French by the doable double vowel sound slight slightly slightly ly extended by the last vowel The following five diphthongs require our special 8 Elal attention t on onay ay all sounds like the English ayee alee In avant having vi ng 01 oi sounds Ca like the English coh as 33 a In I mirror ul sounds like the English wee tea as a In I tel lul l to him tier her It oy o sounds ds like Uke I the English t hee as a W LA f LAroyal royal royal rabal u y sounds like th t English as In to t wipe wip To pay payer paye I drink Je 9 bole bois bos Cooked cult kwee kwee Foyer Foyer foyer s Night nult nuit nwee we student nt will m do well wel to repeat these tt and sounds those thop of ot ta reopened compound od vowels and the nasal out sounds gonads reer oer and over again alaID until be Is ii with wib Every new lesson lessen should be preceded by bya bya a a full tU rehearsal of the entire text and translation Including the pronunciation of all nI previous ones Compare each translation translation tion ton ot eL ft the English text tex with wih the French Fech reading re exercise and vice vic versa veral Write It t out again and nd again until thoroughly familiar with the spelling of ot words word and ad construction To Ta work systematically translate the exercise of one lang e into the tho other olber and when thoroughly familiar with both compare according to t the text tet given in i each lesson lessonA A Few Things Thine to Remember The following will wUl serve as an Incomplete incomplete though tough as far as possible practical guide for the gender geder of ot feminine nouns There Is no positive fired fed rule for genders in French The test lest ana only way to t de do determine termine tormine teine It Is to each ech noun to memory with It Its proper article arcle See lesson eson No 5 a Nouns signifying woman woma In all al her ber conditions are feminine as Mother la mere m re mair Wife Wie l also aso femme fahm Cousin la Ia cousine b Names of females of animals Cat la Ia chatte ch te Ewe la brebis Mare la Ia c Names of ot Dualities virtues vices are usually feminine though t the word vice vice is and the word virtue vite vertu Is feminine feminine Beauty la Ia beanIe beaute beau Goodness Id It l bont bag ty Laziness la 13 aree Note There are ar a few exceptions OTer to last lut role rol re reCd Cd d dl Nar Na Na cs es of at fruits f are with wit few tew exceptions exceptions Iso feminine Cherry CerrY la cerise Orange la Ia orange range ornge Apple la Ia pomme pom pome poma po I e a Nouns ending in an e mute are usually feminine with but some few ex ax exceptions e Earth la Ia terre t ne River Rier la riviere rv re I Experience ExperienC Note The Dt lue P r articles to ose mae with the I above and all al feminine feminise noun nones are ae aela la the te nah loh Cah ear une one ne a or 01 an aim oon ren on Those to tobe tob tobe be b used need with lb the th masculine nouns given in ID les lesson ts son sonS Oe 5 5 ana andl all ma nouns aro ue le Ie the t lab luh 1 un Sn a one one or an Memory Exercises Es r lse 1 L Will WU you tell tel me 7 Voul avous me dire dee dee 2 1 I want waIt to 1 it Je Jo vh lob lab Ih fair 3 Do D you understand it itLe it itLa Le La Lub Limb voc 4 Yes I it Out Je le le Ie Wee lub luh 5 He has bas sent there their a letter letterII leter II n leur G une lettre Eel luhr ab ah oon leUr Note Th student will I note In la these sea sen sentences no tenses the tu peculiarity of French construction This construction cannot be altered d and must therefore be exactly as u hen Iven There Ther are ae Idiomatic constructions and phrases phrase peculiar la to the language and should be learned by bj heart beat Remember Demember then that the Trench French cay sa Will you me we t tell Be He to him has bU written Ue He to in tem has 1 sent a letter lete etc ete etc ete eteS 6 S What at Is the te day dy of ot the te week Quel est la 10 l jour da do la Is 1 semaine Kell Kel a luh jor or 7 We have a holiday today or to today t today day dayts Is a holiday cong conge BEGENT SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERIES Note These papers on Practical Sd Science Si ence have been bee prepared for The Te Her Heralds Heralds aIds Home Study Circle Cirle by Professor Profesor William J T Drexel Institute Hopkins Hopkns of H TELEGRAPHY Continued The Coher The Te detector used by Hertz Het was waa extremely simple but of limited sensitiveness failing to re respond r spend spond at distances greater geater than th about feet The Te first requisite therefore to make malce mae space telegraphy tele phy of practical value was wa a detector which should be reliable and sufficiently sensitive to re respond respond spond spend at a distance of miles mie instead d dof of yards This was wa found in the co borer herer heer which has h been ascribed to Branly although it was known and used In one form for or another long before bore i I his work upon it Since the first use itse us of the microphone as a a telephone transmitter the fact was wan well wel known that a simple micro microphone microphone microphone phone contact like the he Blake if the prints were woe both made of m be became ho came faintly welded together under the action acton of the current and nd this a defect in a telephone was one of the principal reasons rens for the use of car carbon hon bon A single metallic contact contat of this sort Is the form of which has been used by Lodge Hughes Hughe noticed this peculiar sensitiveness of a mi contact either single or mul multiple tiple to a discharge through thru h it I and the tho been ob oh observed observed same sae effect appears apper to have ben served by others other Onesti Onest however seems seema m to have been ben the first to make use ue of this property and Branly Bry in increased increased creased the sensitiveness of oC the by modifications in the design As A at present prent used the coher consists conist of a asmal small smal glass glas tube in which metallic pis pistons pistons pistons tons fit ft tightly The space between I these pistons to one quarter of an inch is s filled fled somewhat loosely losely with filings of metal The ends of or the pistons are smeared with wih mer max mercury cury cpr and the filings which mut must be beshar sharp shar are worked up with a little Ute mer mar mercury cury cu for the beat bs results rut In addition to this thi Marconi has as used cohere in which the space ni between the pistons is practically or wholly exhausted of air Filings Fin of any metal will wili wil work but the best results are obtained with wih a mix mx 8 S 8 Tomorrow will wt be the te last lat day ot of otte the te month monti mont montiCe Ce e sera sr demain dean le Ie dernier Jor da do d mole mols derle Sub Suh srah 9 What day of ot the te month mont was yester yesterday yeste yesterday day w Que Qua bier le Ie quant me du moisT mols aytay 10 It I Is the Ie le Say Sy lub H fl 1 I think It I kator Is the list Ce t je crois cri Ie un us un Yahn 12 1 Are you sure Ong nett Note Th Frae do not Dot ose the ordinal n um um m bets bers bes to express dates dates chapters pages pa es etc e They noun noon simply AS u place a cardinal umber member alter after ater the Ue 13 13 Today is the dees sett le Ie t 14 U The eleventh chapter onze 15 15 The Te page page Page cent song vang yang 16 Once une fois Twice Tice deux fois dub th Three times trois trob toi fois tale tab The le lo date The le Ie tete s The first frt Ie le premier the te only exception to the te above note The lat last Ie be dernier derl r The middle le Ie milieu The interior rieu lang ty The exterior le lety 17 11 The Te church l lay The English church l glIe an glae 18 18 Is there th e an American church Y 7 atil ati une a 19 1 The Te cathedral of ot La L cathedral de dab db 20 The Church of the Madelein L L de d la Ia Madeleine dub lah madlean ft Service Serce 22 When church do they tey have bave service serce at A queUe heure faILen dane dans l gle 23 High mass la In grand gd lab c mess mess Afternoon service serce las les le v pre lay ly Evening doo service serce du 24 4 The Te protestant church r pro protestante pr protestante The catholic church chuh I catho lique R adt Leaon The Te tol ng Is I the proper translation o of the te last French Fenc exercise 1 We breakfast at S 8 S 2 I am ass not hungry 3 Some mush 4 This coffee Is 11 not no hot hot 5 Give me some eggs e 6 A beef beet beefsteak beefsteak steak rare and some toast tot 7 1 Some Seme browned potatoes S X Some coffee cakes cak and ad some coffee with wIb milk m k 9 My plate plateS is S not clean 10 0 Give me another one 11 1 Show me your umbrella 12 1 Have you bought a brown brow hat 13 3 Where can canI canT I T get g t some flowers fowers 14 4 Are Ae these French gloves or German Geran gloves 15 5 Of Ot what color Is your our cloak k Vocabulary breaded ter to take away Gigot leg leg Gel Gelie Gele e Jelly Peu little Venez come Tant Taut so much muc the better b ter Legumes vegetables vegetable D delicious Bonnes Bon s stem fern tem pluri good Pension boarding house fern tem plan kept ket Tout all aU pears per cht buys buye bs Mar Marchand M Marchand chand merchant m Belles fern tem chad hant Bele flue fine to t serve sem Ce Ceo cat this La Presse Idleness Vices vices Chez at atthe atthe the tb house of Bon Boa masc marc masc sing good Chambres rooms rooms fern tem plural all allRead al au Read and translate into English 1 1 1 On paye pye trois troi dollars par jour dart dan dat 2 La est eat et IA la 1 m re ae Ic re tons les lee vices Tices 3 Les os et le Ia le pol rs que quo te chez hoz ce cc sent sont belles et bounce bonnes 4 Lee Les Le chambres de do cette pension p sont bien grandes 5 Eles Elles sent scat Lids tres t commodes convenient convenient 8 6 f Je vais rais ais a Ia grand la Ta cath drale drle 7 Venez come cornS mol moi mol 81 Si 8 9 On parl part anglais dane dans ce cc restaurant Ui 10 Tat Tar Tar 11 1 de la Ia 1 des l 12 13 Ce frit et ct legumes ge poulet est 13 3 deux cote cote lettes letes de do veau au as aun gratin V Ca Ce C est ext trap trop peu pen cult cut IS 1 S H HUn 1 Q QUn Un Us gigot g ot de do mouton lard farci tr et de ia a ee Note The English Egish translation of thi this s exercise win wi be found foud In the te lesson which will willbe be published next Tues Times Tuesday Te day ture of about abut 96 per cent nickel nicke and 4 per cent silver siver The tightness with which they are ar packed In the tube must be carefully adjusted by moving the pistons piston Action Acton of When Wen a discharge of electricity passes pO through the mass ma of filings which are ordinarily in no particular arrangement but lying ing l in random po the filings at once marshal marsha themselves in order regular point to point pint and the chains thus thu established are made mae more perfect peret by the slight sligh welding action acton at the contact The re resistance of the mass mss of filings which before was wa infinite becomes bome finite from 10 ohms oh to 50 ohms and if a battery is i in lit connection with wih the co herer a current may be b made to t pass and actuate a relay The cause of this behavior of the flu fil f inga ing is probably the action acton of a static change hag which Is most in ins InI inH s H 3 i O 6 Transmitting Circuit tense tse at sharp sha points point Each individual I filing fUng therefore Is most intensely an ad and oppositely charged by induction at op opposite opposite sharp points and each posie shar point positive positively ly charged point is attracted to th the negatively charged point pint of a neigh neighboring neighboring boring bring filing filim As soon sona as contact oc occurs occurs curs cus the charge chare passes and welds weds th the points points the whole action acton being practically practically cally cly instantaneous To restore the cheer to its It semi sensitive senI tive the condition these thee welds must mut be broken This Is actually accomplished by causing the tongue of a vibrator or buzzer buze to tap tp the tube and an shake shakeup shae up the filings The same thing may maybe maybe be b effected by rotating the he coher or orby orby orby by placing it In a 3 rapidly alternating magnetic field The The extraordinary sensitiveness s of V ther ie may be dimly appreciated when wh n the conditions under which which it i works work are ar known kow It I has ha been com coin cm by Abbott that tat working ng at a distance istance of miles It has ha re responded responded to more than twice that tat dis ance the has ha an efficiency of only one five of or 1 pe per or cent That is it uses use only one f C of the energy put in at the end Even Een then the son sen se will wi probably bo be 0 increased System The system employed by Marconi is shown hown show in the te diagrams The simplest for form orm of transmitting device consists ot of f an Induction n coil coI or other a S A C j B s 1 5 Receiving Circuit Cirt A A aerial wire BB batteries C coher er r E B earth erth connection II I Inductive re resistance resistance Istance M Morse More printer R It relay rely shunts T with wih spark gap gp in n the secondary and battery batery and key ke in the primary When the he key is closed a stream sta of sparks passes pase across the gap gP setting up cor cr corresponding responding ether eter waves waye which radiate in n all al directions and are detected by the tha receiving apparatus The spark prk gap gp may be simple or a aRighi aRighi oscillator may be b used u in which two wo larger brass br balls bals very close clo to together together together gether are placed between the terminal tei nal sal balls bals of the coil coll To send these the waves wave in any ay particular parIc lar ar direction a a parabolic reflector of metal met is so ito placed place that the te spark gap gaps Is s at the tha focus fou and the open side of the he reflector points pints in the desired der di direction So far fr as a has yet et been an announced announced announced no distance greater geater than two miles mies has been covered by the use ue of reflectors The receiver for directed waves wave has a similar reflector with the in the focus and neither neith r trans transmitter tra transmitter mitter nor receiver is connected with a vertical wire In the method by which the greatest succeed has been attained however Marconi lJ uses a vertical wire of height adjusted to the distance over which the signals are to be sent sent One side of the spark park gap is connected to the vertical wire vire the other to earth The receiver circuit is less simple One side of the te is connected to the he vertical wire the other side to earth arth eath and ad the is i also included In n the circuit of a local battery bate and ad sensitive relay When Wen a discharge passes pases through the he its is resistance Is so s far low lowered lowered lowered ered that the local loca battery bate actuates the relay relay This in turn tur closes close another circuit in which is a Morse More recorder or I other registering instrument The tip tp tipper per er is in i also connected in this second lo 10 local cal cl circuit and keeps keep up its hammer hammering lag ing ng on the so long as the din dis discharge d charge chae is i passing |