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Show T5 V ME M KI& of battle" YV'V ' 1 ' V jjj-iii i few months fiJi- -i. field monuments and ffr , afti r tie money for n has been appro- a 3 I n ( n oml las devel I Wwl" f t-"'fl - - " 2 piuilfd Manv of the presont fHv bat- jL? pJ ped into an important iTvT " 'e '' -i ' 1 1 i I memorials aie In bione and kov! IVV i' dustry in the United A" ' ' S r " in tl"'' Cllsi of sm 11 a mom ment it is J&j ft itfs during the pa t vw'- ' ' "n'v necessary to model tin- li ,ire In Pw J lc" "rs T1,is is due ANfer " , - " " I1' slor ' ),tls arc 'akpn from this and t-A first, of all. to the in- Jt!& ,. e " , y , rf when forwarded to the foundry enable N-1J.J-W f, crease ir. the number A 1 ; " ' ' Js Oftyros "!e , ;iI"'til!S of the figure In bronze a "Sfj and size of our battle- 1tl 5'";-i?lL ' 4 UcarrKicMT replica "r exact duplicate of the orlgl- y-J) field national parks. It 1 . c?vv A jsr r.a dcf-ipii which the sculptor fashioned f is now the policy of the &rJETTLEFIELQ MONUMT 1 (Vf.? in Slie clay or piaster. national government ' The corrpspondincly rapid creation of Q HE MAKING of battle-'SJWiil battle-'SJWiil vfcv1 field monuments and 3 t-.nl incnionals has devel-yl devel-yl FkH QWi into an important Vvf ii'-dustry in the United fei I yt'itfs during the past 7?'- vS j 'e"A' "ars. This is due. first of all. to the in-N-liLlJ-t-- crease ir. the number "pj and size of our battle-i) battle-i) field national parks. It ff is now the policy of the national eovernment. unveil a monument within a few months after the money for n has been appropriated. appro-priated. Manv of the present-day bat-tleiieid bat-tleiieid memorials are In bronze and in the cast of such a monument It is only necessary to model the figure In plaster. Molds arc taken from this and when forwarded to the foundry enable the easting of the figure In bronze a replica eir exact duplicate ef the original origi-nal desifrn which the sculptor fashioned in She clay or plaster. The correspondingly rapid creation of ably seconded by most of the state governments, to convert into national parks the tr;;e:ts'of land in the southern and middle states which were the scenes of the great battles of the Civil war Each year sees new reservations of this kind acquired ac-quired by purchase of congress or through other means ard set aside as permanent testimonials of the nation's gratitude to the men who fought and died there. Keeping pace with the creation of new parks is the policy of extension being pursued pur-sued with reference to the older established battlefield bat-tlefield parks which have not included at the outset -as fc-w of them have the entire areas embraced in the battle which they commemorate A second and even more direct influence in fostering fos-tering the present activity In the creation of memorials in marble and bronze is the custom w-hich has grown up with the development of the battlefield park plan of suitably marking every historic spot at the scene of a great struggle between be-tween the Union and Confederate forces. This explains the dozens and even hundreds of statues, monuments and markers that are now to be found in the average Important battlefield park. Some of the monuments are erected by appropriation appropri-ation of congress or by funds set aside by the legislatures of states that desire to thus honor their sons who fought in defense of the flag. An ven greater number of these enduring tributes, however, have been erected by organizations made up of the survivors of companies, troops bfitteties, regiments or either minor divisions of a contesting army and ho take thus means eif testifying tes-tifying to their regard for their fallen comrades. Perhaps the best evidence of the extent to which modern sculpture is beiner relied upon to commemorate the deeds and the he-roes of the greatest of civil wars is afforded by a temr eif the Gettysburg National park. Here, lining more than 100 miles of carefully pie rared re;r,(! .-ay and marking every significant point in the three days' battle, are a total of more than 400 monuments, memorial shafts and tablets and nie:re than l.tliO markers. Many of these testimonials in marble, granite and bronze are elai.inrate and costly and the aggregate cost amounts to several million dollars. And yet on this battlefield as elsewhere the labor of love is only partially completed. Numerous Nu-merous other monuments are definitely projected and yet others are in contemplation. The provision eif monuments in ever-lncre-aslcg numbers for the battlefields (of which Gettysburg is only one) would indeed be an appalling task were It necessary to laboriously chisel out of marble by hand all the statues and carved figures. fig-ures. However, modern ingenuity has provided means for effective "short cuts" in battlefield sculpture expedients that make it possible to granite er marble statues pn'seuted for a long time metre ejf a problem, but it has been Holveul and larcelv by the invention ejf some wonderful new (ouls and appliances which make the long-dreamed-of "se-ulptuie by machinery" a reality. The machine's. ma-chine's. er rathe r temls, which now perform in minutes min-utes what the old-tiine hand chisel;-, -rqnireel hours to accennplish. are all operated b means of ceim-pre.-.-eel air, utilized in much the 'sme way that At each erne eif these modern monument making institutions the nir is compressed at a central power plant and is led by means of pipes ami hose te the various localities where the mechanical chis-eiing chis-eiing is to be done. The designs for a statue or monument are first prepared by draftsmen and ar then outlined on the stones to be cut. With these markings as a guide a workman manipulating manipula-ting one of the portable pneumatic tools can carve out quickly and with great accuracy the intended design. The principle of the superiority of the mechanical carver is that it rains hundreds of bleiws a minute, whereas the artisan with mallet and chisel would not deliver more than one or two blows. It can be appreciated that the surface to be cut Is covered much more rapidly by the machine ma-chine method, and moreover the air-driven chisel will cut more accurately and with greater uniformity uniform-ity than any save the most expert sculptor unaided. |