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Show News Review of Current Events the World Over New Deal Sighs Relief as Supreme Court 0. K's Gold Laws President Urges Congress to Extend NRA Two More Years. By EDWARD W. PICKARD C, WeiUro Newspaper Union. prtrCSIDRNT ROOSEVELT and the New Dealers breathed easier after the United States Supreme court handed down Its decision sus taining Invalidation of "gold clauses" In private contracts, but not on federal bonds. While It was beld that the government gov-ernment must pay off Its bonds In gold or Its equivalent In devalued currency, another ruling that the Court of Claims r rtCNO RICHARD HAri'TMA.YN escaped the electric chair at least temporarily when a writ of error filed by defense attorneys earned him a stay of execution sentence which was to be carried ont at Trenton, N. J., March IS. The Bronx carpenter's life Is safe at least until September or October, since a further appeal can be made to the court of pardons If the court of errors and appeals falls to uphold up-hold the writ. Lloyd C. Usher and Frederick A. Pope presented the appeal after a battle with Chief Defense De-fense Counsel Edward J. Rellly, who subsequently threatened that either he or Fisher would have to withdraw with-draw from the nauptmnnn defense. The hearing will probably take place at the next session of the court, which begins May TI. part of the dissension among defense de-fense attorneys was thought to exist ex-ist because Iteilly never challenged the assumption that the body of the dead baby was that of Lindbergh's son. George II. Foster, former Investigator In-vestigator for the defense, declared that the baby could not have been LIndy's because It was four Inches taller than Charles A. Lindbergh, Jr.; was In a less Identifiable condition con-dition than would have been possible pos-sible In the mild weather following the kidnaping, and was embalmed. Tl REARING the tenth command-L command-L ment Is breaking the law In England. Eng-land. Alexander Frederick Churchill Sim of Cookham Dean, Berkshire, coveted the "perfect" serving maid of his neighbor, nerbert Mercer Stretch, and enticed her away from him. For this the civil court fined Sim $125. It assessed him another $1,250 for asserting In a telegram that Stretch borrowed money from the maid, Edith Saville, whose affairs af-fairs were the talk of John Bull's island, where perfect serving maids are hard to get and hard to keep. Sim was also forced to pay court costs totaling $2,000. VN THE heels of the Supreme court's gold ruling, former President Herbert Hoover demanded demand-ed re-establishment of the gold of wages and hours was practical and necessary. Answering recent protests of labor, la-bor, he said : "The rights of employees em-ployees freely to organize for the purpose of collective bargaining should be fully protected." lie urged more strict application of anti-trust laws, condemned mo-noixjlles mo-noixjlles and private price fixing, opposed hindrances to fair competition, compe-tition, and proposed further protection protec-tion of small enterprises against discrimination and oppression. Ills suggestions, If Adopted, wot.ld keep code violators from behind the bars. "The way to enforce law-3, codes and regulations relating to Industrial practices Is not to seek to put people In Jail," he said. Admitting some mistakes, the President was well satisfied that the NRA had done a good Job considering con-sidering Its short existence. "Only carping critics and those who seek political advantage and the right again to Indulge In unfair practices or exploitation of labor or consumers deliberately seek to quarrel quar-rel over the obvious fact that a great code of law, of order and of decent business cannot be created In a day or a year," Mr. Roosevelt declared. All details of the legislation were left to congress. While this is In progress, the senate finance committee commit-tee proposes to conduct the Nye-McCarran Nye-McCarran Investigation of the NRA administration and codes. The Judiciary subcommittee reported no funds available, but the Inquiry, which has the President's approval, will be attempted without money. TVfORE than 100 men were report-ed report-ed killed or wounded In a skirmish skir-mish In the "demilitarized" zone which lies between Manchukuo and China north of Tientsin. The clash was between the recently formed Peace Preservation corps and the Lwanchow militia. The Peace Preservation Pres-ervation corps, which has .the approval ap-proval of the Chinese government, was receiving money and arms from the Japanese, It was alleged. The militia Is supported by local Chinese Interests. -While the battle bat-tle was raging, Wang Chlng-wel, premier of the Chinese Nationalist government, and Koki Hirota, Japanese Jap-anese foreign minister, expressed themselves ns desirous of peace between be-tween the two nations. FINGERPRINT records of every 1 citizen of the United States, on file in Washington, along with those of John Dillinger, Al Capone, and even John D. Rockefeller, Jr., would go far toward ending kidnapings and serious crimes, says Attorney General Homer S. Cummings. He urged that all Americans' obtain free fingerprint cards from the fingerprint fin-gerprint department, imprint their marks and send the results to Washington. VICTOR A. CHRISTGAU, de- moted from his position of second sec-ond ranking officer of the AAA In the recent shake-up which Involved several alleged radicals, resigned in protest Chester C. Davis, administrator, admin-istrator, had not acceped the resignation resig-nation and Secretary of Agriculture Agricul-ture Wallace was attempting to persuade per-suade Christgau to change his mind. Wallace hinted that there had been differences between Christgau 5 w 1 csuuiuara in toe United States as the only way "to restore re-store confidence in our currency." This could only be done by making the dollar Immediately "convertible "con-vertible at the present pres-ent 59 cents of gold the modern method meth-od of specie pay- had no Jurisdiction over such cases President means that It would Roosevelt bo Impossible for holders of federal bonds to collect on their old gold basis. In other words, the holdei of u $1,(100 fiMloral bond Is entitled to a technical value of $1,000, but In reality It would be Impractical to make any collection of that amount, since the Court of Claims Is the only tribunal before which suits against the government may bo taken, and other courts may not entertain such stills without a special act of con-gross. con-gross. The court also held that those who held gold certificates had no cause of action and could not sue the government. The power of congress con-gress to deal with currency was fully upheld. Iii'iedy the ruling said: 1. Congress has the power to nullify nul-lify promises to pay In gold contained con-tained In the bonds of private corporations. cor-porations. 2. A gold certificate Is worth only Its face value In present devalued de-valued currency. Congressional power pow-er over the currency includes the right to establish circumstances under un-der which gold certificates need not be redeemed In gold or its equivalent. 8. Congress has no authority under un-der the Constitution to abrogate the payment-ln-gold clause of government govern-ment bonds, but, ns no actual damage dam-age has been done, therefore there is no basis for suit for recovery. The decision was read by Chief Jvisi'ice Charles Evans Hughes, who voted with Justices Brandels, Stone, Roberts and Cardozo In the majority. major-ity. Dissenters were Justices Mc-Reynnlds, Mc-Reynnlds, Van Devnnter, Sutherland and Butler, the four so-called conservatives. con-servatives. Not only this country, but the entire en-tire world, awaited what the "nine lonely old men" of the Supreme court had to say about the Roosevelt Roose-velt monetary policies. The decision de-cision Is ranked with the court's decisions de-cisions In the Dartmouth college case in ISIS which upheld the sanctity of contract, and In the Dred Scott slavery case In 1857 which had much to do with hastening hasten-ing the outbreak of the Civil war. Satisfaction within the administration adminis-tration was evident at once. Justice McReynolds was spokesman spokes-man for the dissenters. He unleashed un-leashed a scathing attack on the majority ma-jority views. Ilis voice vibrant, he said : "The Constitution as we have known It Is gone." "If given effect, the enactments here challenged will bring about confiscation of property rights and repudiation of national obligations." "Just men regarded spoliation of citizens by their sovereign with abhorrence, ab-horrence, but we are asked to affirm af-firm that the Constitution has granted grant-ed power to accomplish both." "Xo definite delegation of such a power exists: and we cannot believe be-lieve the farseeing framers. who labored la-bored with hope of establishing justice jus-tice and securing the blessings of liberty. Intended that the expected government should have authority to annihilate its own obligations and destroy the very rights which they were endeavoring to protect." Notified that Chief Justice Hughes was reading the decision. President Roosevelt went to the cabinet room, where he listened to telephonic reports re-ports from an aid. The Chief Executive Ex-ecutive was prepared to take swift action to protect the credit of the government In case an adverse decision de-cision was handed down, but executive execu-tive orders were unnecessary. The carefully prepared program was not needed. TWO more years of the NRA, with clarification of policies, more effective enforcement of codes and the granting of "unquestioned power" to the federal government, were urged by the President In a message to congress. The national recovery act termi-eates termi-eates June 10 this year. "Ahanlon-nient "Ahanlon-nient would be unthinkable," he said, naming the act as "the biggest factor in giving re-employment to approximately 4,01X1,000 people." He said congress must maintain the fundamental principles of the net to establish at least a minimum fair trade practice and labor relations rela-tions standerd, pleading that child labor mxH itaj out and that fixing .... ment." Herbert . , ., . The only living Hoover . , . , , ex-President said that such action would put more of the 12,000.000 unemployed men back to work than any other step. The United States should take the lead In returning to the standard, he said, declaring that, "There is no need to wait for foreign nations before we re-establish the gold standard and restore confidence in our currency. They would be bound to follow some time. They are more afraid of our doing just tills than they are of any American 'managed currency.' " THIRTY-ONE Inmates shot and killed a guard In a spectacular break from the Oklahoma state prison pris-on at Granite, the only male penal Institution administered by a woman wom-an warden. Thirteen were captured shortly afterward and a man-hunt Is on for the others. The fugitives used two guns which had been smuggled to them, forced a "trusty" turnkey to open up for them, corralled cor-ralled 20 visitors In the visitors' room and, using them for a shield, made their escape. Her prison already al-ready the subject of Investigation Into Its moral and managerial standards, the warden, Mrs. G. A. "Mother" Walters, was ordered replaced re-placed by a man, Gov. E. W. Mar-land Mar-land declaring that a woman "just can't manage" a prison. Defiantly, she refused to clear out until completed com-pleted Investigations had vindicated her. O EALM LEADER HITLER re- fused to exercise his prerogative preroga-tive of mercy and two Berlin society so-ciety women were beheaded by the official executioner for divulging mill tary secrets. Another woman and a Polish nobleman were sentenced to life Imprisonment at hard work The execution of the two women was carried out at dawn with such secrecy that it was hours before their exact fate could be learned The two women went to their death with a calm courage that should be an example for the strongest men, an eye witness reported. re-ported. The sensational publicity awakened by the execution was expected ex-pected to Induce Hitler to commute com-mute the sentences of two men spies scheduled to be beheaded in the same manner soon. STEPS to curb the Inroads of Japanese landholders in the rich hemp growing provinces of Davan are being taken by the Philip pine government Strict application of Insular laws governing land holding by aliens will be made, ac cording to Eulogio Rodriguez, secre tary of agriculture, who schemes a wholesale cancellation of subleases-of subleases-of public lands, which he maintains are illegal. A recent survey. Ro driguez asserts, shows the Japa nese control 12(5.000 acres lu thr province, and that leases to 64,37:' acres are Illegally he1 V 1 1 - and A. H. Lauter-bach, Lauter-bach, chief of the AAA dairy section, over the milk policy. pol-icy. A protege of Undersecretary Rex-ford Rex-ford Guy Tugwell, Christgau was also supposed to have encountered "friction" "fric-tion" with other members of the de- partment. This gave Secretary ri?e o new rumors Wallace that Eraln Truster Tugwell will resign before his influence influ-ence in the AAA is too severely curtailed cur-tailed by the demotion and ouster of his confreres. Meanwhile amendments to the Agricultural Ag-ricultural Adjustment act were declared de-clared to conceal dangerous, arbitrary arbi-trary and autocratic powers over farmers, manufacturers and distributors dis-tributors of farm products by the legislative committee of the agricultural agri-cultural Industries conference In Washington. The committee cited the provision that the AAA may require re-quire that a licensed processor purchase pur-chase only from those who sign contracts. It charges that the amendments make no provision for the farmer to express himself In the matter of licenses, but contain provisions for price control, markets, mar-kets, production and purchasing. Through Indirect restriction of the farmer's market, these provisions are equivalent to a licensing of the farmer, according to the committee. "The entire economic Iife of communities com-munities could be directed from Washington," the committee said. |