| OCR Text |
Show FAHM AxI) GlltDEN. MATTERS Or INTEnEST TO AUniCULTUniBTS. Some t-p-lo-tlate lllnte A1k.hI fnl-Illation fnl-Illation of Ilia Koll anil llelda Thereof llnrtlrullure, ltleullara and llorlcnllnre. l'lanlliitT and t'nllltln 1-ntaloea. The acaaon for planting tho potato crop ilcpenda on location; In many e-tlooa e-tlooa of thi country only 'ho early crop la pronutole. ami It muat bo planted as ear'r m safely from froeta la naaurcd. In other aectlona of the country the lale-planteO crop la by far tho moat productive After tho loll haa been put Into proper condition, nnd tho season for planting being at hand (the selection selec-tion of good, vigorous seed having been already attended lo) the next step la to guard against the scab. Thla la done by rooking tho seed for an hour and a half or two hours In a solution of Corroslvo iubltmale, made by dissolving dis-solving two ounces of that poison In ilxtecn gallona of water. It should bo dlaaolvrd In a woo len, earthen or glaas vessel. Soak your potatoes In a barrol er other wooden receptacle. After soaking tho potatoes! take them out and dry them. Another lot can be put In to soak In the aamo fluid, Caro should bo taken that nothing can drink this liquid or eat of the soaked tubers, as this solution Is poisonous. If your seed consists of large, njco tubers you can safely cut to single eyes, but as a geniral rule two or tlirco eyes to the pleco gives tho best results; aot becauao two or threo ecs aro any better than a slnglo eye, but because tho piece of potato Is larger, thus fur nlsblng a larger supply of food and molituro to start tho sprout until It la able to draw Its food from tho soil. Tho better condition thot your soil la In the finer tho seed may be cut. The seed should bo slightly dried nttcr cut-ling, cut-ling, but don't cut long beforo plant Ing. In planting we mark tho ground one way, as we would for corn, with a SH foot marker, and plant with an Acme hand planter. Wo endeavor to make tho hills 21 Inches apart In tho row. which makes about an ordinary short step belnecn hills Somo varieties might be planted rather cloaor, but It Is much easier to get a uniform step snd plant all alike. Msny planters mako a groat mistake In crowding the hills, planting ihnn 8 to 11 Inches apart They get no larger crop and a much larger per cent will bo small. Other growers plant In checks both ways, 3 by 3 feet to 3 feet 8 Inches by 3 feet 8 Inches, and then cultivate both ways. This method will produco about as many bushels per acre upon aotno sotls, but upon heavy soils tho roots will not fill all of the soil, and there will be much waste ground. This system sys-tem seems only advisable upon the light, sandy soils of the great potato districts, where many growers cultivate culti-vate from 40 to SO seres, lly planting In this manner much work can bo saved sav-ed In cultivation. We consider tho Acmo hand planter 'ho moat valuable tool that haa over Icon Invented to aid the jwtato grower. It Is cheap, only costing 75 cents, and Is light and easy to use With ll a good man can plant an acre a day, and some claim to plant three acres a day when planted J'.ixJH. Hut thla makes a big day's work. Ono reason why this molhod of planting Is best Is that It puts tho seed directly Into moist earth, nnd, further, It can bo used to plant at any depth from ono to five Inches deep. Ilut for very early planting that It a llttlo too deep. There aro other ntylos of hand planters that work upon rJio same principle as the Acme, but Uiey aro so much heavier that they are much more tiresome to use. Cultivation Cultiva-tion should commenro as soon as possible pos-sible after planting Is done. The smoothing barrow, with slanting teeth, or a weeder should bo used every fow days, and as soon as possible after every rain, first In ono direction, then across tho last working, keeping the surface soil fl.no and loose Don't be afraid to keep the harrow or weeder at work, for you can kill the weeds much easier before you can see them than you can after they get a good root growth. If you can koep an Inch of looao dirt upon tho surface all the time you won't bo troubled with weeds, and at tho same time you are protecting protect-ing tho molituro In your soil from evaporation. Keep this method of cultivation up until the potatoes aro up so that you can see to follow tho rows, then go through, them with either a one-horse or two-borse cultivator, sot to throw towards the row, working as close as posslblo and as deep as possible I'ay no attention to the plants except as a guide to follow, covorlng them up completely. com-pletely. It will do them good rather than barm. After tho field bss been cultivated In this manner follow at once with harrow or weoder, working thoroughly both ways. The potato plants will push up rapidly after this, and from this tlmo on should be work, ed only one way. The weeder can be kept running through them every fow days, until thoy are no largo that they begin to tangle In the teeth. Cultivate M long as you can conveniently get between the rows L. It. Head, la Farmers' Itevlcw. t'mnlng drapes llrocton Myilem D, 0, Lodomnn, Department of Agriculture Agri-culture Ileport: The llrocton aystem Is the almost exclusive ex-clusive method of training grapes In tho Chautauqua grape district The conditions wblch have given rise to the llrocton system are somewhat peculiar, pe-culiar, and the methods Indicate special spe-cial adaptation to local requirements, Urocton Is tho center of the grapo-growing grapo-growing Industry of Chautauqua county, coun-ty, N. V, and tho land around the ! I village Is notably fertile. Ti concord grape makes a wonderful grth upon certain soils of the loeall'y, nd the most common way of cbeckln tho ex-tensive ex-tensive lgor of the plant ll to leave a great number of buds on the vines fhen pruning. It Is no unonal sight to see n pruned vino with tiny or sixty buds upon tho canes, and In seme rare cases oven a greater numoer may bo left If this number of Litis wero to ho left upon vines trained aenrdlng to any of tho preceding systems, it would bo found somewhat Inconvenient to bloco all tho wood In satlifsetory positions. po-sitions. Tho llrocton system tends lo avoid this difficulty, and It Ii therefore one of tho best systems ts adopt for vigorous varieties growing upon strong soils. Tho distinguishing feature of tho llrocton ayatcm Is the position of tho cones. These are upright, but the lower portion may extend betliontally along a wire, to remove ttvs uptight part farther from tho coster of the riant. 1 hesa upright canes usually ex-lend ex-lend to th top wlro of the irellla, snd they vary In number from tiro to four to eight or ten, generally one-half of the canes being on each iMa of tho plant Hnch cane has from Ovo to ten buds on It, so thst tho teUI number per plsnt can bo very o-tslly ssirrtaln-ed, ssirrtaln-ed, snd a largo or small amount of wood bo left upon tho trtllla dealred. Having thus outlined tho gtaeral plan of the llrocton system, there still remain re-main to bo distinguished two types or varieties which differ from each other considerably. As a matter of convenience, conve-nience, they will bo glnn separate names, although tbey still ritaln their position as varieties of tho rather vague llrocton system. It will be less confusing If tbo following names are employed: Tho Urocton borltontal arm system and the llrocton high renewal system. Tho "nrocton horltontil srm" system sys-tem Is much llko the horliontsl arm spur system; tho chief dlfferenns are tho absence of spurs end tbe greater length of rano In the Chautauqua method. Tho ami, however. Is retained retain-ed practically as long as la the horizontal hori-zontal arm spur system. The spurs aro almost entirely dropped, for gen a rally a sufficient number of canes can bo found growing from the arm to supply the necessary number of buds. Theso canes spring directly from the old arm, which Is fastened along the lower wire, and they ars cut long enough to roach a few Inches abovs the upper wlro of the trellis. lZocb year tho canos of lbs preceding season aro enllroly removed, bvlog cut close to tho srm, and others sre put In theli places, Spurs cannot be entirely avoided, avoid-ed, for tha necessary amount of wood might not alwaya be available; they are, howover, employed as little ai posslblo. Oooarberry Mildew. In many parts of this country, as wen as this stale, gooseberry growers an much troubled with what Is known ai tho gooseberry mildew, writes U II I'smtnil In Iowa State Heglster. Wi have at vsrloiirtlmes recommended tb uss of tbe Ilordeaux Mlxturo as a preventive; pre-ventive; however, potassium sutphldi hss given most excellent results and ll highly recommended by those who have used It It was first used In Europe Eu-rope and In 1881, and 1880 Arthur, lo this country, made somo experiment! with It Itccently Mr. Close of tbe Now York agricultural experiment statloa has conducted some experiments wblch leave no doubts as to tbo valuo of thli treatment for the disease, llo report! as follows: The first mildew appeared May 2d lly Juno 7 portions of the plantation wero badly mildewed. At this date thi lysol and formalin seomed to bavs done no good, Ilordeaux mixture wsi mora effective, but not so good ss potassium pot-assium sulphide where the treatment! wero begun very early and medium early. All of tbe fruit waa picked July 8 and 7 so ss to market green. Tlushei sprayed very early with potassium sulphide sul-phide at the rate of 1 ounce to 3 gallons of water gavo only 8 per cent of mildewed mil-dewed fruit; thoso sprayed very early with It at tho rate of 1 ounce to 2 gallons gal-lons of water gave CO per cent Iluihei sprayed very early with lysol, 1 ounce to 1 gallon of water gavo 21 8 per cent snd thoss sprayed very early with Ilordeaux Ilor-deaux Mixture gave 37.4 per cent ol mildewed fruit, white tho untreated buihcs gave 87.7 per cent to 71.7 par cent. At 18 cents per pound for potassium potas-sium sulphide, tho coit of tho solution wbh gavo tho best results Is about one-fifth of one cent per bush for tht seven sprayings. Little Things lsy fluthrls Center (lows) Outhrlnn: A citizen of the county, coun-ty, who runs a 130-acre farm, reported to us bis Income for the past year from bis cows and poultry. lie kept six caws, and sold from tbe six milk and cream to tbe amount of 8C9, Ho estimated that tbo family consumed milk, cream and butter to the amount of J5. lis received 119.08 for hauling milk and cream for others and sold three calves Ibst bo now estimates to be worth I JO. He hss sold poultry In excess of ISO besides be-sides the eggs sold snd consumed, of which he kept no account Ills Income from thois two Horns the past year was In excess of 1 300. Cows snd chickens pay. One reason why so msny renters fsll to mako farming pay Is tbe fact that tbey give no attention to these two profitable and Important Items, The dslry and poultry business psys on (lutbrlo county farms If It Is given proper attention. Oleomargarlno Cases In Chicago, The cases against the Infringers of tho Illinois olcotasrgarlno law still drag tbelr weary lengths along, The evidence evi-dence against them Is strong enough snd one would think thst there would be no trouble In carrying out tbe law, but there seems to be an abundance of money behind the violators, and they are thus enabled to protract tbe rasea Indefinitely. In somo eases prison sentences havo been rendered, but the men aro mill free |
