Show t Lt rr h fiB E ec c O e eA 81 r A U M lf g Ji I g J I v J Y V V i I r Grass Grasshoppers h Boiled Fried In in inY ind d Y Batter Made Into Croquettes 4 S Sm m Served as Sou Soup or in in a Variety of yam w wu 3 f F Other How Ways the Filip inos 9 A 1 Find Them Appetizing g I h an f if t tI I f fr r rood Food D an and d W Why hg They Are Q yr f I Y r ra ra s rr R t 1 O a r U d to E Fat at More lilT and a a Ii i Y 1 I il Urged rge 3 z st More of Them T hj bV N ra cu L Sj L v f r v fi y y S V tr y 5 t tn n y rr As k 44 9 t r s r r r f 3 N w wF R r F On the right Sant r kv John the ti F k T ti 0 c ly r rk t Preaching n gM i in n the r i M x Wilderness from iS Y x H t r p r rF F 1 ia tra tT the painting by T a t Stothard- Stothard St rs JY Y r k a a jp Et tea teat t tip 1 J e s try w ti GL J at b Irr the the Bible i tG pf F K ta u iri te a 4 6 a s a y t h tells tiro food ma was h and wild r t Tw by byo d o y t v LI k a s 1 r raY 1 aY i JO p Ya- Ya f a J r Mt 1 tp 1 S eC t dt fi l q d t fbi i v a 1 M Ma a u by byS S b C sd b t V Vb c w k kr jf r I ns Y p pt ff 41 s t t pr g ir o- o oy 3 y lf t elf f A woman merchant in a Filipino open air market coating for customer for the choice lot of dried grasshoppers that fill the large basket p in front of her r JC t o t t a t HERE isa is la a plague of locusts In Inthe InI Inthe Inthe THERE I the Philippines and the govern govern- government ment ment of the archipelago has ap appealed ap- ap appealed appealed pealed to the people to fight by every means in their power the insect pests whIch serIously threaten tho the agricol- agricol a tural tural prosperity of the islands It even urges the use of them as food and thou thou- thousands thousands thousands sands of Filipinos who are following the government advice find them highly ap ap- appetizing ap appetizing Locusts are familiarly known to us as gra grasshoppers shoppers Now and then we have plagues of them in parts of our own West West but for reasons presently to be explained they are more localized and less disastrous than in former days daS Of all insect enemies of mankind lo- lo cults are the most famous The Bible mentIons them time and again agam One of the plagues of Egypt inflicted because the Pharaoh refused to let the children of Israel go so was a visitation of locusts But in Biblical tunes times locusts were very commonly eaten To the people of Israel IsraelM MOSes es said These Thes ye y may the eat eat locust the bald locust locust the beetle and the grasshopper Thus the English trans translation lation The Th translators however were not entomologists and apparently they dId not know blow that grasshoppers are lo- lo eusta The Bible Burble says lays that St John While IU in inthe the desert desert ate grasshoppers And John had his has a raiment of camels camel's hair and hIs food was locusts and wild honey El Elsewhere the Bible says of a locust plague The Tb food came out of the de- de devourer devourer In other words words the people i whose e crops crape crop were destroyed were able to subsist upon the insects that ate them up Sculptures on the th walls wails of ruined Nineveh show men carrying bunches of grasshoppers on stacks slicks s ks on occasions of fest vaL Evidently the th anCIent As As- Assyrians syrians regarded retarded locusts as ax a table deli delt- delicacy delicacy cacy If still more MOT people of the Philippine can Philippines can be educated to an appreciation o of f grasshoppers gra hoppers as a food the insects insect will wall fm- fm furnia fur nigh nih a cheap and plentiful on to their diet and they will wall be further en encouraged encouraged to catch them Accordingly the th government of the th e archipelago is as now trying to teach still sill stillmore more people to eat them and has even ev eve en a number of recipes for cook cook- cookIng cooking Ing them Boiled in salted water wIth wit h slices of pineapple they are recommended cd ad as highly palatable Or they may b be e bOIled m in water with a little vinegar and an salt after removing the heads heads legY legs leg e 1 Y wings wines and intestines and fried in lard with mth witha a bit of garlic and a few cloves Fried in m batter locusts taste a good rood deal like lile shrimps Grass Grass- Grasshopper Grasshopper hopper croquettes are z not to be despIsed d vt and curry of grasshoppers grass- grass grasshoppers grasshoppers hoppers is declared to tobe be bc delicious They are rich in fat and friedIn fried h 1 in their own oil they T t T t tare T Ti i are arc said to have a W most agreeable flavor T Tand and crispness Unfledged grass grass- grasshoppers grasshoppers hoppers boiled two tw hours with butter spices and salt added make a broth that is 15 scarcely distin- distin distinguishable distin distinguishable from beef broth but with witha with a peculIar own and indescribable flavor of Its Not very ery long ago a St St Louis Loan caterer by way of experiment prepared from a bus bushel l of Grasshoppers a soup which wa was j admitted by appreciative customers to tobe tobe 1 be mo most palatable It closely resembled crawfish bisque and the caterer said that he would have it on his bill bin of fare regularly three times a week if only he could get the requisite hoppers The recIpe is as follows Boil the grasshoppers over a brisk fire and season with salt salt pepper and grated nutmeg occasionally stirring When sufficIently done pound in a mortar with bread fried brown Replace m the sauce sauce- saucepan saucepan pan thicken to a broth pass through a and serve Indeed there is as no lack of reaper for preparing locusts Nor are they any thing thine new m in the way of food to many natives of the Philippines In torn some somo provinces they have been long in the tho tb habit of eating them But Bat consumption of th insects as a regular article of dIet ms IS as yet restricted to a few districts There arc are arc in fact fact few parts of the world afflicted by locusts where they are aro not eaten In Russia they are smoked tike herrings Natives of southern India serve them with mth curry carry In Persia and Arabia Araba there are shops devoted to the sale of dried grasshoppers whIch pressed into bricks brick bruks will w keep indefinitely The anCl ancient nt Romans were very fond of gr grasshoppers hoppers roasted to a golden yellow and writers writer of their epoch of often re refer er erto to the enormous utilization of tho the in- in insects in sects as food in Africa In was in inn no noway noway way remarkable in hIs hi day that St John should should while in m the Mesopotamian des des- desert desert ert ert have hav gathered and cooked locusts for his food k f rN r r 2 yn M r iii k Yby imrA r at aC y r tik ya yaz z yr y 7 qi a oty Yie f- f ff f t r 2 On the left lefta a beau beau- beautiful wry 4 gyp rosy winged grasshopper fro from m t p b l l'S S 'S u I tea Central America r which the natives think the greatest of Yli delicacies a a In most parts of the tho t of Africa grass grass- grasshoppers grasshoppers hoppers grass I hoppers are com com- commonly commonly commonly eaten elten and regarded as a delIcacy The R f Arabs abs when they see se a cloud of the insects hover hover- hoverIng hovering hovering ing in the sky watch it anxiously and if it descends descend receive it with shouts of gratItude to God and Mahomet while wh e gathering with eagerness as a many manyas manyas manyas as they can collect Their camels are not less appreciative gobbling the locusts lo- lo locusts lo locusts greedily The hoppers thus caught are dried in inthe inthe inthe the sun and and after being beme ground to a sort of meal and mIXed mored with milk are ar armade made into a paste for a kInd of Johnny johnnycake Johnnycake cake cooked on a griddle Or sometimes they are used fresh fresh being toasted overa overa over a fire after removing the legs Ices WIngs and aDd heads Consuming them in is this an Arab with a fair faU app appetite ute can get away with an n incredible number Good It is ms permissible to quote the CalIph Omar who on being asked shat he thought of them as food replied I would like to have bare a roomful of locusts to e tl Tho Talmud speaks of locusts 60 led ledin in wino wine and sold as food In III Morocco day day to-day the J Jews c put pot a jarful of grass grasshoppers hoppers into the oven on Friday night to to avoid the th tin sin of lighting a fire fir on their and Sabbath and take it out hot onI on I A giant species of i J grasshopper which t f r- r d do doe o e a serious damage to American farms but which our farmers have re never neTer learned to eat as th lb the e people of Old Testament days did when they were al afflicted witha with a similar plague Saturday morning It is to them what the weekly pot of pork and beans is ms to Bostonians They look look however upon the thc male malo locusts as unclean and will not eat them Only the females do they collect for tor food these being distinguishable by peculiar markIngs on the tte wings which are sup sup- supposed sup supposed posed to be characters of mystic significance c canes cance re In these markings by the tho way the thc ancient Jews vs of Palestine imagined that they discerned the written name of Yahweh or Jehovah In our own that country country that is lS to say sayin in grasshoppers California California grasshoppers have been an important source of food supply SInce times tunes The native Indians even nowadays consume them m in immense quantities With the tho help of WIng WIng- wing shaped shaped trap guides grades they drive them into nto shaped shaped jug holes sunk sonic in ID the ground On such roch occasions there is ms a regular roundup round round- roundup round up up of grasshopper swarms swarms in which whole f engage Autumn A as 18 i the tho proper season season when the in insects are arc big bigand bigand bigand and fat fat The shaped jug holes filled tilled with the tho captured hoppers arc are plugged wIth lumps of moist clay day to keep the rain rainout rainout out and nd a few months later when the tho th it t plugs are removed the holes are found four d to be mostly fined filled with a clear dear yellow yells w oil not unlike olive ohve oiL Mixed with pow pew powdered dered acorns and berries it is ms made up u p into cakes with grasshopper meal n which are dried in m the tb sun Tho The Bushmen Bushmen in ID South Africa col collect lest lect locusts by lighting big bug fires in the th e path of the flying swarms g theIr wings so that the insects fall tog to t tho the ground They roast them in m hot ho t ashes and store stare them m great quantItIes cy for winter use nse Ground to meal i In n wooden mortars they make makee mak e c t soup Horses cattle cattle pigs pIg'S and even ostriches o are exceedingly fond of locusts Boer B Band her and other white winte farmers m South i use them largely as feed for chickens and for tor this purpose dried and pa pain in ID bags they are an important nt o of commerce in that part of the th world Fowls fatten rapidly on them them and the theare they y are said sud to encourage laying The plague of locusts that Moses M uses brought upon Egypt is celebrated as a class class fist calamity but there have bees been b many such plagues In various vanous parts of o othe f the world world just lust as to-day to an a affliction of o othe f the sort is ms devastating the Philippines Philippine s 1 U r A Filipino housewife in mouth month setting cigar i If f f out om to gather a sup sup- supply sup supply r I ply of plump tooth tooth- toothsome toothsome 1 t 4 some grasshoppers to f 11 cook for the family's t lt d dinner 1 rl s f 4 They have hav been heen fre ire frei Fi i giant and familiar hap r hap 1 V t as s far fur back as asA the th dawn wn of history t The locust does not uh n r rye bite it does not DOt carry r y disease di but bet it U is isa is a 3 wholesale destroyer of ofa f a crops and aad hence ara a ra of famine St y S Augustine Augustin wrote ofa of a plague of ad grasshoppers grasshopper a L which w h ich caused sansei sq o per per- persons per per tons sons to starve ta b b death In la the year UTO 1478 1478 m in the about Venice died of hunger owing awing to t a S plague of Much Maeh lees Jess le s than baa fifty ago ago- s plagues of most dm c were not ID mUle in the t Un United States There was one m 1874 that caused a loss of Ti m the Mississippi Valley Kansas being the worst vu sufferer The female femal grasshopper a a hole hoUin in the th ground with the horny tip of her ller abdomen and therein deposits about twenty eggs together wIth a amass mass of f mucus which holds the tb eggs together and 11 nn at the tho same samo times time serves erves to to- plug plot the 1 p mouth month of the hole bole rendering the latter When spring arrives arrives arrive with warmth ai niQi and ond moisture the th partly dissolves and the w baby hoppers emerge from fixa the tough bough capsules them containing them It mss is-a process much resembling the termination of seeds seeds and as will win be b observed observed the th 1 o following this method of reproduction reproduction literally plant m rn m ono OlIO season a crop that will ripen DeXt No wonder then then that considering their capacity for mi-a-ln mi f they areso are arto so 1 dreaded by the fc Nothing short hort offie of fire fie will c cheek h hc c k ft v their armies ies on OD the tho march Water un- un unless un unless less m in wido rivers is no bar bar- bar to to their theu- pit v This Tins remark plus ap-plus p ap k plus to their move menta while as yet n t ting tag ing m in search of food food often in serried bodies a mile mil mil WIde But after a while they acquire wings most species of them them that is ms to say and aDd travel by flight or miles m in ma ina roa a day Even nowadays locust locast plagues often are very Tery serious serums in m parts of our great groat West West but the th frightful fn grasshopper a- a af sf afflictions fictions of earlier times tunes do not occur for the simple reason that vast areas formerly serving as breeding grounds forthe for forthe the insects have hav been settled and broken op Dp by tillage The plow disturbing the eggs prevents them from irom hatching A method commonly adopted by farm farm- farmers farmers ers IS i to plow and harrow the ground In early winter Another is to slice shoe afan off af au an aninch inch allow of the th surface soil with spades spades al- al low it to dry and pass it through sieves to separate out cut the egg masses Yet an an- another other utilized in wheat growing regions is to burn buru the Ore landover land over with open grates d filk-d with pitch pine pm wood and drawn by l horses Poisoned bran with mth chopped or up ground oranges and hem lem ons ens is found highly effective in m destroy mg S grasshoppers grasshopper Up to date no m apparatus has been found more IDOre effective for tho the purpose than a pan many y feet wide wale containing kerosene and pushed or drawn over th the hopper fields Tho Thu hoppers hopper by it jump up fall fn Into It and are killed by the th Conditions in is the th Philippines as re- re rethe re gards garde locusts are arc muchas machas much mach as they were Inthe the United States fifty m In or more mor years ago Tilled area areas in m those islands island considerably aref scattered and vast breeding are aro produce breedings grounds swarms swamis of the th insects I i J |