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Show ';'fK, Ot ex- "" 'ud ,' '". r turci1 dni "' of " Kansa-, f t.jn h" lu't.""!? loom sih r " cnch "We of flti rc; rj" '"Rom above lBl ' J' r ,, '01 ",0 PeO. J'ijii , li'it tho cat-"H cat-"H j, "'I' t the high- nit ., , iw cent, but -V-CiUMo pect to reach such results as they came from overfattened titers and the lla-or lla-or of the beef when. urh 1 igh per cnts of dress wtifclu weie male iu not what tho consumer wanted Prize beef should be sold by telephore Tho best edible beef Is secured where the dressed carcass Is 62 per cent of the llvo weight The llavor of the meat and the proportion of fat to lean best suits the American tnstc when this per. centago of dress, a weight Is reached Vmcrlians do not want to eat much fat In beef, the prefer to take what fnt they want In the form of butter Mr Oosllng stepped to blackboard and drew the vurlous cuts of roasts and steaks In inch case shov.lng cuts having hav-ing heavy and light fat He showed hon thick n lining of fat was desired bj tho consumer and tin n showed how to detect this condition In the live onl-inal onl-inal He said that overfattenlng spoils the llavor of the beef b reducing the amount of th Juices nnd by adding fat, whlfh spoils the llavor. With under-fattening under-fattening the llavor Is also poor the meat Ucks both In Juice and In fat there the animal Is fattened to Just tho right condition, the Juices are abundant the lean meat nicely marbled mar-bled with fnt and the llavor delicious Tho man who naken beet should study tho production of flavor In his product as thoroughly as does the butter-maker In his butter This Is the work In which the joung feeder should perfect himself The richer the flavor nnd tho less the waste ln beef when It Is delivered to tho consumer the reater will ho the demand nnd tho higher the prices paid The butter.maker can taste his mntcrlal In all stages of Its manufacture manu-facture and thus has a quick and ready means of determining the flavor of his butter Tho beef maker cannot test the llavor of his product until nfter the animal an-imal la slaughtered, and then it Is too late to change It. The beef-maker should then learn what flavor Is Indicated Indi-cated hy form nnd touch nnd then hteed or select nnlmnls nnd fed them to produce form and touch that carry with them the desired llavor. Mr. Gosling urged the students to thoroughly study form Then to follow the'r fattened nnlmals to the butchers block to conect their Ideas of form until un-til they could tell Just what outwnrd appearance In a bullock would Insu y tho desired flavor of the beef He declare de-clare 1 that until the beef-maker learns this he Is behind the hutter-makir Mr Oosllng had n beef animal led Into the ring nnd marked on him with chalk all the different cuts that the butcher would make it the animal were rliughtcred He went over the animal and showed Ihe students by touch what portion of Hip nnlmat being examined would male deslrnhlo cuts and where ho would fail Mr, Ciosllng's lecture lasted nn hour and wns listened to with the closest attention at-tention After tho lecture a bunch of Shorthorn heifers were taken Into the ring and Judged by the students, each man Judging for himself Mr Oosllng then gavp his Judgment on the heifers The nttendanco and Interest In Mr Goslings work Is constantly Increasing Increas-ing Three hundred and fortv students aro taking tho work regularly. The Shorthorns. 11 irrlng none, the Shorthorn Is prob-ubly prob-ubly the oldest of our better breeds of cattle. The term ' Fhorthorn" Is now used lo designate only the descendants of the Durham cattle which wcro originally origi-nally of Durham county In tho valley of tho river Tees, in the northern pait ot England. Soon after the Itcvolu-tlonary Itcvolu-tlonary war, descendants ot these cattle cat-tle were Introduced Into this country, and fioin that on to tho present they have len tonstnntlv Impruved by dlt-ferent dlt-ferent breeders until lhe ure now a breed of high meitls uud probjblj more tenerallv disseminated throughout the world thnn any other bleed of cattle They should have a rrnill head tho ec should be bright and quite lirte, tho neck should bu ot medium length and run neatly Into the shoulders the body should bo largo but sjmmetrlcal, buck ought to be wide and stialght from nctk lo tall, tho libs barrel-shaped barrel-shaped and tho turn long nnd wide The color Is generally led or led and while Alwaya select an unlnul with u squnio budv, ns It Is mine easily fattened fat-tened than length animals The Whoi thorns aio Justly celebrated foi their fcieat beet-produting qualities, quali-ties, often combined with dairy quail-ties quail-ties which make them v nimble foiTho uverage f aimer who wants a combination combina-tion bieid. In retard to size, they are genciully concoded 10 be tho largest breed of beef cattle, and have been vvondei fully Impruved ns beef-makers In point or size nnd very early maturity, ihey nro tasllj fed nnd mature fully one j ear sooner than any othtr breol of cattle. Not only In size do they ex-eel, ex-eel, but they uie remailtably handsome, hand-some, and a field of Shorthorns or grade Shorthorns. Is u delight not only to the ownors pockctbook, but also to s eyo and to all beholders Tho Jciseys oro noted for their pe-eudai pe-eudai richness of cream nnd tho lino quality of well-IIavoicd butter it pio-duces pio-duces lliey aro known to be tho best butttr cows In tho world The Hoi-steins Hoi-steins uio no'd for largo quantities of milk, especially adaptel to the inar.u-factuio inar.u-factuio ot cheese lint when It comes to leef, the Shorthorn mutt and will have llrst place. Theso cuttlo have a great many ndmlicis in this countr, and many breeders can show herds that would bo tho pride of any stock mull. They ure veiy gentle nnd quiet, not ensllv maddened like man other breeds of cattle. , Iso man is so rich that he can afford to keep poor cows, nnd of all the foolish fool-ish men in the world a poor man keeping keep-ing poor tows Is by far tho most fool. Ish if the rich man wnuts to wane his inonoy It Is not so bad but a poor man ought to know belter In ordci for a poor man to moke headway ho must keep tho best animals nnl use feed that will moke the largist profit Home people lefusc to spend money for Ihe best giade of rattle This l poor economy, because It Is simply on Investment In-vestment which will tiling Bod ie-l"1"8 ie-l"1"8 . ... A calf "JinoclfSf. ' In the head wllh ft pall of skim milk will never make a first-class cow or steer No .tlffe'cife what kind of breed you have, the more attention sou give them the qulcke-ou qulcke-ou are able to get jour money out of them, although some cattlo need moie attention than others, also more feed The best grade is not too eood for u poor man as I have al-cady st ited It requires Just is good business qualities to be a successful stocl.ralser as it does to bo successful In any other business If you don't think so ou hal bettor qui he nook business In fattening cattle tho quicker ou can get them fat the greater your proflt will be this cannot be disputed Wide iwako motiev -m iking fatmeis and tockmen can easily prove to their own satisfaction by a practical test that It , equlres less feed for a well-bred animal ani-mal than It dees for a poor on;. Joseph Jo-seph II Yoder In Ohio Farmer. Supply and Demand of Horses. Some striking figures are about to be published bv the Department of Agriculture Agri-culture in a bulletin by Dr. Ooorge Ilus-sell, Ilus-sell, an expert In tho bureau of animal Industry, After rev lowing the past nnd present conditions ef the hor3e market, he states the causes of depression In JSSO. flrat resulting from the abolition of horse cars followed by tho depression of 1SS3, and this followed closely by the advent of Ihe bloclo und nutomoblle The two last features, It seems, do not affect the horse market so much as one would think, for those who rldo the blcscle cannot afford to own a horse or arc temporary patrons of livery stables. As to tho automobile, Dr. Itussell states this Is a mechanical age, when one wishes ev -rythlng to ho of a mechanical natuie, but the combination of motors nnd wheels Is not In a perfect state nnd tho fascination of Invention can never supplant permanently tho exhilaration of companionship or the inspiration of power thnt comes from a pull on the ribbon", or the grip of the knees In the caddie. He then reviews the cates of the present pres-ent excellent condition of tho market, primarily caused by the dcpiesfclon when horse breeders, becoming discouraged discour-aged by the slate of the market at that time, discontinued the breeding of high class hoises so thnt now there Is a scarcity of line animals. Another reason rea-son Is tho Immense giowth of the export ex-port trade, for while In 1890 only 3501 horses wore sent abroad, In 1901 the figures have steadily grown to S3 250 head. Tha follow In? table of exports shows this growth 1S10, 3301: lSjl. 3110, IS!).'. 3226. 1M3. 2'67: 1S9( 6215: 1S95. 13-!lS4, 13-!lS4, 1898 26126; 1S97. 39 532, 1S9S. E1.150, 1619, 45.778, 1900, 61722: 1901, sj 2M The shipments to Africa nro largely responsible for the gieat Increase In 1101 when 27,163 head were shipped to trnt counlrv. It would seem, therefore, estimating that an animal Is marketed at live years of age, an export demand of fO.OCO nnnuallv lequlies nearly 400,000 horses to keep up this supply. Another Importnnt reason Is tho Increase In-crease of pooulallon, with a glowing love of a good horse, and tho wonderful growth of business, calling for many more horses thnn were needed for such purrocs In tho early 90s v III the market hold out? As already slated, tho leasons for the present good market are, on the one, hand a diminished dimin-ished supply of tne best gulden to dra upon, and, on the other hand .a brisk demand with a widened Jlcld to supply So long as these conditions continue prices will rise Rules cr Breeding Marea. Ihe following lulea suggested by 1'rof. Coesur llwart of jcotUnd, vho has made the subject a matter of thorough thor-ough study, are worthy of tho consideration consid-eration not only of stallloners, but of every farmer who Is Interested In getting get-ting a large per cent of colts and should be Incorporated ln the handbills posted by keepers of stallions and be made a mattei of contract between him and the farmer. 1 Mares which have been Indoors during the winter, and which ore to run nt glass during the summer, should be acclimated to the change before being served This Is wall understood by hnrsemen who generally follow the above suggestion, which provides for the mares getting accustomed to tho changes In food, temperature and surroundings sur-roundings It Is well known by ull practical horsemen that digestive troubles trou-bles are quite serious In their effects on the pregnant female, 2 When nny signs of being In season sea-son are detected In the mare she should be removed from marcs believed to be already ln foal. 3 Mares, more especially excitable one?, should bo served In the evening and kept shut up apnrt from other mares or geldings over night, and should, until all signs ot heat have dls. appeared, bo kept from nny chance of teasing by other horses. In the case of valuable mars, It would pay the breeder breed-er to retain a competent veterinarian to tide over the excitant periods, when a calmative, both constitutional (such as chloral or opium) and uterine (as block haw), might with benefit be prescribed, pre-scribed, 4. Each maie, when bred, should be carefully watched from week to week, and every ninth or tenth day be tried until the critical period (end of the seventh week) lie pasted 5. Mares In poor coidltlon should not be bred, but be gotten Into condition by tho addition of grain to the daily ration 6 For nt least two months after service ser-vice the mares should be neither ex. died, overheated or chilled, neither overfed nor stinted from their usual allowance, al-lowance, and any drugging, except under un-der professional advice, should be at all times sternly deprecated. The Reason Beef Has Atlvancd. In a recent Interview with the Secretary Secre-tary of Agriculture, Mr. Wilson said. "I nm not an expert on the trust ques. Hon, but I do claim to know something about the raising nnd selling of beef Others may talk about tho 'beef combine" com-bine" as much as they like, but to m the rise In the price of beef Is very easily explained It Is due almost wholly to a short corn crop last ear, and a great demand for beef caused hy the prosperity of the people of the United States The high price of corn has made It necesrary for Western cattle-feeders to send lo the South for cottonseed meal to feed their stock The pi Ice of fat cattlo on the hoof at the Chicago stockyards has ndvanced from I cents to 6 cents a pound to 7 renis .Men who have line cattle to sell can nlmost get theli own prlco Thre In n grout dimand for cattle and tint means a (,rent demand for beef 'Ine poplo ,.r the fnltod Status n e estinir ;inn h r now thin Ihev ever did before In their history This is because they u-e making money and spending It There art not many families In tins eountrj that do not nave their steaks and roasts and boll-Ing boll-Ing pieces The American people nre by long odds the best feci people ln tho world "Under such circumstances It Is only natural that the price ot beef shoui advance Cattle and meat, 111 o all other commodities have to follow the laws of supply and d mand The mn who have cattle to sell naturally want the highest prices they ean get It Is the ramo with the packers and te. tallers. ' Raisins Hogs as a Science. On a farm Just sixteen miles south of Kansas Clt an experiment Is being made which la being watched with Interest In-terest by stock-ralsrs all over the United States, san the Cincinnati Enquirer. En-quirer. The owners of the farm have Invested more than ISO 000 In pedigreed and registered hogs for the purpose of aacertalnlng whether breeding fine hogs exclusively can be made profitable The owners of tho farm have no other llvo stock to demand their attention except 100 cows, and the dairy Is an auxiliary part of the hog farm, for eveiy quart of milk fiom Ihe cows Is used to feed pigs. It has been maintained by ngrlcul-tllr!nM". ngrlcul-tllr!nM". ,tnat noc raiting alone is not profitable unless somo of ihy animals are sold for food, but the owners of this hog farm south of Kansas City are con-fV'er"vtn;?A con-fV'er"vtn;?A !helr Investment of more than JS0 000 In registered animals will yield a largo prollt before a year Ins passed The farm Is owned by Winn & Mostln and contains ISOO acres. There are twenty barns on the place, and ten of them ure used lo shelter hogs. There nro 600 registered animals on tho place and some of the boars cost as much ns pedigreed bulls or horses One boar called Corrector In the herd books cost M0, another called Proud Perfection cost 200O. Bees and Honey. The Maine Tarmer tells of nn empty house at Tenant's Harbor In which was found more than 200 pounds of delicious delici-ous honey. The boes had found entrance nt a small crevice near the eaves. Though they took possession without the formal permission of the owner, they did not prove unprofitable tenants, as tho honey was worth enough to pay a good rental V o think It would be a good Idea to let them retain possession, pos-session, for, as the house has not been occupied for several jears, It may not be eas to find other tenants who will paj as well Wo lemembcr reading not long since of a man who made use of nn old house by placing beehives In It, wllh holes cut opposite each hive, which were ns many as ho could find room for against the wnlls all around, and there they were summered and wintered In good condition. American Cultivator, . |
