Show Our N A R Rk k 1 t QZ rY r Y awe o w YI ji M NR k r id idI y I By Dy JOHN DICKINSON SHERMAN un UA national ul monuments a n hundred yours years from now will be numbered among the priceless s possessions of ot the American people At present di t they ure are pretty much neglected both Af aA k b by the federal government Jo aDe and by byOD bythe bythe the e people There urn are 30 SO or more In O OD D charge of ot the Interior department and congress gives s the national park 4 1 service but to care rare for tor all of them VI Visitors to the 18 19 where records were kept numbered but hut last season sellon nut lint that Is because because be be- cause couse the people know almost nothing about the national monuments Some day these e national monuments will be made easily accessible and fixed up then the he people will flock to them For till nil of ot them are well 11 worth seeing and many of ot them are ure anon among the wonders of ot the world With national parks lint and national forests and national monuments etc tc etc tc the public Is naturally nat flat mixed up on un what's hats what Heres Here's the right of that hilt There are ore 1 10 national parks each cuch established by bya byn a n net act of ot congress and all nil In charge har e of the lie national purl park service of the Interior department they contain scenic features of ot national Importance though two two hot Hot Springs In Arkansas und and In lm Oklahoma are medicinal They tire lire kept fis liS for far as liS l possible Jo In their original wild state late anti ure wild life ii fe I sanctuaries Th They ore lire protected against commercialism no names S tiles In Ih the national na park system are url Yellowstone YO Hoek Mountain anI and Grand rand Canyon lIn Lafayette on t the Ie const ot e of P Maine Is the only onh sc I scenic nic national park east of ot the Mississippi C Congress n rl 1 will win not purchase land Inuit for national purl park purposes Cs lad the rho omy onlY public lands are In the Wp West t. t Lafayette w was ns presented to the till nation h by spirited public citizens There lire are sis Ix national military parks parks s. s burg lul and VIcksburg are familiar examples under under control of nf the tue department There are ute approximately l l national forests tinder control of ot the forest forIs service of the Department Depart part ment of nf Agriculture They were here established for scientific lumbering and und for grazing and were wre originally II purely commercial propositions The Tiro A Agricultural department however howl In Its persistent efforts to 10 get control of fit the national parks has hus set SIt setup setup up recreational feat features tires In mun ninny many national forests lu la competition with the till national parks Now we wo tome come to tn the national monuments Na National n Ilona I Landmarks would odd he be n a more faun fitting ii de I nation previous Ire to WOO 1000 the United Suites Klines budno hud bud no provision for the establishment of national i monuments Insistence been became rue 1 so 0 great at for fr the protection of or natural wonders from fron vandalIsm vandal vandal- Ism that In 1000 ulon the Act ct for fur the Preservation at iou of American Antiquities was vis pas passed 1 by hr This net act provides Iro for the punishment of Ism 1111 und and for permits to tn excavate and collect Section Sec flan tion 2 of ot the net art rends reads That the of the United d States State 1 hereby authorized In his discretion to declare by ty public r proclamation historic landmarks historic and r prehistoric pre rf historic structures structure and other objects of historic or scientific Interest that are situated upon the lands owned or controlled by ty the government f of the United States Slates to be b. national monuments and may reserve as a part thereof parcels of ot Und land the limits limit of which In all ts t's rises eases shall be confined to the smallest small mall est eat st area compatible with the proper care and man man- management of the objects to be protected Under this net act about 50 00 national monuments lire are row established About 30 SO ure are In charge of ot the national park service e und anti about 15 under control of the lie forest service The War Sear department controls con on trots trois three Exact figures cannot be given as liS hangea ur are ure constantly occurring Of Ot those controlled b by the forest fOllst service the largest Is Mount Olympus I In a region of ot mountains forests und and glaciers i lId id the home of ot the Ol Olympic elk In New ev Mexico Met Mex ico leo contains vast ast numbers of ot prehistoric cliff cliff- dweller ruins and Is U presumably slated for tur national na DIt- park honors U HryCe e Canon Conlon In Utah Utah Utah-of of which more mitre later Is later Is an un eroded canyon of ot acres The Tue lt 1021 23 3 report of ot Director Stephen T. T r rot of ot the national park service to 10 the secretary of ot the tile Interior gives In addition to Devils Deals Tower El 11 Morro and Petrified Forest Forest ot of which more later later later- the tile following s as the li lint t of ot the national monuments monumEnt under his charge TilE They have lIue been grouped by this writer The Tile list the site Ill of ot n nearly vuly community dwellings In It Its original condition condi condl tion Ut the Aztec I II Itself t IIi a ft stately I sandstone structure by Cy SO feet flet three stories high and built around a n rectangular court The specimens already recovered reco re re- I co coe covered e rod constitute I probably the lie most co m p 1 l let e t e collection representative e of ot a l' l prehistoric r e h 18 tor 1 e North American culture Mount l a n bl big Alaskan volcano blew off oft Its Ita bend In 1012 co covered n R vast peninsula penin sula Buln with sing slag and darkened th the skies all allover allover over OHr the world with dust dusl The Tho explosion I I also ulso created the Valley Val hut Icy ley of ot Ten Thousand I Smokes one tIDe of ot the I wonders of ot th the world It U Is live Iho volcanic ground cracked by ts' ts surer and pitted p b by millions lons of ot 1 of lit every ry huo bun huoI v u hick I bubble and aDli botch helcl and and tt send end lI up steam smoke And so It Roe Il Each na t 11 l Ion o n it II I l monument has hns Its Us own story And new national monuments ments meats aro belo being cre cre- One of ot th newest newest new new- est st Is Carlsbad Cave Cae In New Mexico It has hils been Llen only partly explored but Is ft stated by experts far to surpass stir sur pass Mammoth Cine Cave CareIn In size and In an and variety of ot decoration T The o latest addition to the list of or monuments Is I the tho Craters of ot the I Moon In Idaho where 40 square miles have been set pet aside by Ires res resident Ident Coolidge It Is III Isn n o lava o wonderland won W i ni if with cones tunnels tunnel 1 f. f caves CS an u all aU sorts of ot of if 2 li twisted ed and con contorted t or ori ted 2 P d J R iY av h tC C fP f forms of 01 hardened vol vol- 1 Montezuma Castle Catle Arizona 1903 1900 prehistoric cUlt cliff dwelling I GO acres Chaco Canyon New Mexico 1907 1901 numerous pueblos los lee and cliff dwellings acres Navajo Arizona 1909 prehistoric pueblos and cliff chit dwellings dwelling acres Utah 1923 prehistoric tow tow- ers era pueblos pueblo and cliff chit dwellings acres Arizona 1908 ruin of Seventeenth century Franciscan mission minion 10 acres acre Gran New Mexico 1909 ancient pueblo and early Spanish mission acres acre Oa Casa a Grande Arizona prehistoric relic acres ca Uca House Colorado 1919 prehistoric relic 10 30 acres Aztec Ruin New Mexico 1923 1925 pr prehistoric pueblo of COO rooms 6 acres aers Pipe ripe Spring Arizona 1923 old stone fort and sprIng of pioneer days 40 acres MuIr Woods California 1908 1903 fine redwood grove 4 6 acres California 1903 many spire like rock formations to 1000 feet teU high 26 2603 3 acres Natural Utah 1908 three very large natural bridges 2740 2710 acres Rainbow bridge Utah Ulah 11 1410 10 height feet feel span feet te ICO acres acred Silka Alaska 1910 par part parI of historic association 16 fine totem 10 poles 67 57 a Colorado Colorado 1911 19 f I wonderful example of erosion many lofty monoliths acres o Saguaro Arizona 1914 characteristic desert des art ert flora nora and ma many n I 1940 acres Lewis and Clark Cavern Montana 1908 1903 Immense Immens limestone ca cave acres Shoshone Cavern CavernS S' S 1909 Wyoming large limestone cave cave acres Dinosaur Ut Ut ih lit 1916 1915 d deposits of fossil remains 60 80 acres cr s cr South a S Dakota 1922 deposits o of ot f plant fossils folls 0 o a rl'S re C New w Mexico 1916 1918 cinder er cone of golo cally recent formation acres acre Alaska 1913 1918 volcanic lh phenomena Include VaUt Int Valley of Ten len Thousand 1940 1910 acres V fen North t Dakota 1917 Includes Crow- Crow hl h J Untie Dutte 1111 from which e. e the famous French ex- ex first saw trans territory 2 3 acres Scotts Scott's fluff Nebraska t 1919 point of historic Interest In winning of the West Keet est 20 2053 3 acres ages of ot Interesting matter could l lie he e written these e national monuments Ta Tale ate I 1 for fur ex ex- ample those e of Arizona New lW Mexico Mexico null and Colorado IllI They Illustrate the history of the tIe American South Southwest 11 west vest 1 from the thi prehistoric limes thill'S of ot the llie lilT cliff dwellers dwell ers rs down n through the tile many yearn parl of if frantic searching for gold by lor tI the Spanish soldiers unit und till the colonizing and I by the ibe Spanish priests Cortex conquered Me Ico for Spain In 1 It 11 vas soon III I looted hlOI o I ii I. I The Spaniard I then turned Ills his search for rOI gold Id I toward o I Peru which Peru which U la another t I story and lory 11 the unexplored wilderness wilder II IEr ness mess to III the North The IIII air was full of northern treasure myths myths-fl III Dorado the gilded man loan and a n whole people clothed In gold old the till Seven 11 Cities of It Cutout with their golden gulden dories domes lu the IIII city of gold Side by 10 side hiI soldier end and priest I Invaded the desert I despised I the h. h 01 other Ill I'll ouch each eh used the tile other n expedition from Mexico In in 15 that penetrated us ns far fur as ns l Is one of the mo most t romantic In nil all hl history tory Cron ran was once ante the nourishing pueblo city t tit bf f b believed ed to be he h by the Spun Spun- It was sus discovered In hail 1181 h by I r de tie de lip o founded the mission In Till Tile Auch s wll wiped 1 It out nut about The fire ancient nt pueblo II held II about hout l JWO AM The Tle great stage church was Willi built alit In IG 1041 I. I Path loth I till still stand In this ghost Insl city lIy of the Ion long ago Montezuma tn Castle tle Is I one of the relics of ot the prehistoric people called cliff clifT dwellers and Is h Isery very ery old alit It Is n II communal house of ot 2 1 rooms built ina In Ina Inn a n shallow cave e In ID the face of a R lofty Casa CUS Grande Grunde Great House haute e Is le a u rn ster s ter tery It wits was already a n ruin when Frn Fray discovered erell It In 15 0 It Is a 11 large building of lIt n a natural concrete called smoothly plastered reil within It I stands tan s In a large compound of ot outlying buildings enclosed d In a rectangular wall willi Aztec Ruin was waB presented to 10 the nation by hy Archer M M. M of ot the American Museum Ju J of Natural History It Its Is le being extensively el excavated I und and restored Centuries before Columbus one of ot the richest centers renters of ot civilization was Willi the alley valley of ot the river In port northwestern north New ew Mexico There within the t radius lus of ot II u single mile vast tast mounds of ot earth euth and fallen fullen stone murk clinic came now Of Ot the national monuments chosen for tor Illustration Illustration tion Hryce Itryce Canyon has Just been given g national park honors A bill for tor Its creation as liS the lie Utah National park was passed In Iq the closing hours of ot the last session of ot congress Its feature Is a box canyon three thrle miles long and two miles wide wille cut 1000 feet teet Into the plateau of ot southeastern southeastern south south- eastern castern Utah There Thero Is a 0 wonderful variety of form torm which are painted In every color shade and tint of ot the tho spectrum reds spectrum reds pinks creams tans lavenders purples blues greens chocolates und and whites It takes 1 rank among natural wonders The act provides s 's that before Can Canyon on becomes Utah National park nil all lan lands s In the area arel must he be Con Il conveyed to the fire United States Utah and the Union Pacific own CIO alo acres arres I The Forest contains the most moat wonderful wonder wonder- ful tul collection of ot petrified trees In the world These trees lie In three thrle groups which really are not forests for for- forests l' l ests tl u at I nil all for tor most of ot the trunks were washed to their thell present positions on an eroded plain by hy prehistoric floods from front forests far tur away Many of ot the tanks minks exceed feet In In length th One It log fret feet Ion long bridges ls l's a canyon 4 41 feet wide The state of ot of ot the wood wand almost places It among the precious stones Not ot only are chalcedony chat chal opals find and n lItes on un vl view w but hut even ln Jasper end and on onyx x The vu's lIs Tower Is III an extraordinary mass of Igneous r rok u r k and Is la one on of f the till most conspicuous 1 features of ut the Black Hills region of Wyoming It U I bus has been hern 11 II landmark In firm pre prehistoric c times timea First there Is the le level J plain then n II rounded lId wooded hill hili coo Cal feet hl high h and on n In top tup of lit that the tower IN 0 fret feet high and nud n 11 mile tulle In circumference Its hides aides tire are fluted by great columns which stand perpendicular perpendicular except where they flare out nut ut lit till the base und end In III at tie tho top These oC columns about 0 11 I fe fl feet t t In tn diameter are mostly pentagonal but some slime are ure sided four und and some pome six lit Ill Morro National monument Is 11 a n landmark to thrill a II good god American Two To enormous connected rocks of or colored eroded sandstone rise abruptly abrupt t. I ly from th the arid plain One suggests n a castle lint anti and andIs Is en called II cd 11 Kl Morro The other I ls is railed culled Inscription Hock Kock because It bears priceless historical records I Cor Ier nearly four lr centuries ago these Ihl's walls willis to I ti hits-ti the lank clunk of nf the steel harness of j i jand und and the rn prayers of ot Franciscan Martyrs rR There lucre was wait a spring there ther and 11 II shallow cave cafe and soldier anI and priest turned l aside to tn them horn from the old Zuni trail Anti And there th they cut their names rod the lie why hy I nn gal wherefore of ot their comings s rind and goings An Inscription perhaps us liS Important us its nay any anI I H Is this cut lit by lor I lion on Juan J de Ill On at 14 years before t the he Pilgrims landed on Plymouth h tack Hock I 1150 por aqua anul de don Juan de ds omit onal del dl de la mar del our sur a 16 el I April del 1609 1600 Passed by here the provincial pro chief Don Juan Jua rt flo de I Onate On ate from tram the discovery of the South Sea Sta on the of ot April 1606 This approximately fixes the date dale ut ot the founding found In lag ing of Santa Ie Fe n ns as It II Is known Onute Onate fixed thell hIs hla capital there upon his hits return Irvin the tile Gulf nult of ot I California I Sari ely less Interesting Is th the Inscription herewith here hert- with reproduced I by Dun Don I lego Diego de lit Vargas Tuner Ponce de Leon lon A ul eslaba e el G GUI I |