Show hailer spent tiwi4itho tient& Law login George — was them and observing riees coat& In fact he newt Law one gorilla sire boa' injure ur kill another All this restraint Lorenz awns is nature's for the survi-a- l us sprti way of to why stun alone alavs tAATis brother is that the humag loam a product o4 eNulio s 'ion still has coded signals which were developed when the ear hest humans roamed the African plains nearly two intuition years ago Unlike animals that drveliiiiird natural weapons — great strength claws yenarts etc — with which to kill their food primitive masts was without weapon& To cornpensate for lack Of weapons this upright aniand vulnerable creature beca fTloe a mal — the club the axe the spear and the bow and arrow Much Later he began to use them for an unnatural kind of awraion: ts make war and kill his fellow men And since all his wearxmot were artificial Dr Lorenz feels man's brain contained no did not react with natural inmilictive 'brake" a get of "signals" that either prevented him or "oeckred" him not to kill his awn species Dr Lorenz feels that ince the instinct foe aggression exists naturally within us humanity mint seek outkts ways of diverting this drive into such as sports and cultural and artistic competitions Ile suggests the "space race" between Russia and the United States an example of modem "war" between nations poi nting out that though enormously competitive the two nations have found more utisfaction from it than in killing each other Lorenz asserts that closer personal relationships with people of other nations and with other groups of people will also inhibit aggressiveness Out of such efforts we may develop SPC LI of brain "signals" that will prevent us from pressing ilhomb buttons His revolutionary theories about aggression have touched off a storm of controversy His book "On Aggression" has been hailed as a masterwork by some scientists and denounced by others who feel our aggressive behavior is determined by environment individual personalities and social conflicts - i aa aggrevai iv behavior nainkeys are normally Although termite Ow-smoat proteettve ot their young 1)rigwito docovenni that a radio signal whath was directed to the portion of the brain 'which controls materna' behavior cook" cause a mother motley to abandon us ten-arc-t- ng her infant and adopt an ancrt agiressive attitude that Lasted for nsorr than t ntinutra How oat It Lorenz studies the evothe human brain Dr M R brain aggression Delgado probes inndt learn more about to A Spanish-bor- neuro- n physiologist associated with the Yale University School of Medicine Delgado is concerned with the electrical control of mental functions and the physical and chemical basis of human ft thought and emotion He has L- - : - L - ::- ' T r - - II II I IL I "'! ' '': N''': ' 4 4 - 4 : ''' f " - AA 'y v — - "signals" Delgado's monkeys "acted 4Chwir uribz4 L' like electronic toys" On command they arose yawned flexed their arms WOULD IT WORK ON HUMANS Moments after this and legs walked climbed around the gado ( armed only with a cape and radio transmitter) : t ' s --' 7'1 - -- 1 p-olve — --t- bull charged him Dr Delstopped it dead in its tracks I wtAlk - ts- - kJ ta1 7 APT 1441 t - 11: 0 73-7- 471i 'ma "0"' °" rSVI 1 - 11” 1V24:'5 4:46 - 11 ' 4 - "kr t iti 1: 'A ' t- AA htevif-41c- l 1 a 4 $ 416'61 -- Delgado views ESB as a means of developing ways to treat the men-tsa- rs -- tally in Ile stresses that be is not perish proposing or foreseeing a world peopled by robots whose lives would be governed by radio commands Dr Delgado shares Dr Lorenz's concern that "We have reached a dangerous situation in which man is far more powerful without being any wiser A precarious race between intelligent brains and the peril of must be won if the human race is to survive "We have reached an historical turning point because science has developed new and powerful tools for the investigation of the conscious brain Investigators will not be able to prevent the dash of conflicting desires and ideologies but they can diswithin the brain that bring cover the mechanism about anger hate and aggression and provide clues for the direction of human emotions and the education of more sociable and km cruel human beings "We need many more student s and a great deal of brain research to clarify the basis of human behavior Indeed this knowledge may be decisive for the very existence of mankind" (THE END) i ' VAI:J at tr-- C1 1 t I attacking the probkm I IT AO' - - is w must tsItt J - - a f) c:- Presently Dr Iklgado of developing a miniature radio receiver small enough to be placed permanently inside the brain "In the present electronic age" he says "we are in radio communication with earth-orbitin- g spacecraft and even with the stars It should not be too difficult to establish radio contact inside the brain" - devel- oped painless surgical methods of im planting very fine wires and tubing in various portions of the brains of rhesus monkeys Once implanted these "elec trodes" can both receive and send mes- sages to the brain If in addition a small radio receiver is attached to the animal its brain may be stimulated by remote control and the behavior of whole colonies of monkeys may be observed in laboratory chambers In response to specific electric " bow" nates the group by strength and aggressive behavior When a specific point in the boas monkey's brain was sent radio signals it began baring its teeth and threatening the rest of the group But then the dispatch of another radio signal to another portion of its brain produced a subtle change in its facial expression which human observers might not have noted but which was instantly seen and interpreted by the other monkeys Suddenly they seemed to lose their fear of the "boss" and approached it freely without being attacked If Dr Delgado could control the aggressive behavior of the boss monkey by radio could other members of the monkey colony be taught to do the same thing themselves? Delgado instalied a lever within the monkey colony which was connected to the radio transmitter Within a short time one of the smalkr monkeys who had been bullied by the boss learned to "turn off" the aggressor's behavior by pressing the kver In another ESB experiment Delgado implanted his electrodes in the brain of a Spanish bull and then faced the animal in a bull ring armed only with a miniature radio transmitter The bull's headlong charge (me below) was halted in a cloud of dust when its brain received a "signal" from Delgado's radio When ESB research has been extended to treat mentally ill human patients the results have been equally remarkable One patient who had been silent became talkative and friendly In others there were vivid recollections of the past sensations as Josf the is dormwho a "boas" always monkey frowstisy non-dead- ly While Dr lution of In a colony of moeikeys there to a and threats tit the uriltrwiwn Ow hearing melodies feelings of Oratiort accompanied peatant by laughter and humorous comments The men and softie w No ha st undergone t hew peeve 90'1 ha rt suffered no ill effects Soine hitt enpoyed a raOorTtla I lift as outpatients Seyttal wodisrn even designed pretty hats to conceal their electronic head AMU I LS a Ina IS LA "The brain" olorryea Dr of electrical cells are kc trx al circuits herr millions and funttiorniNg firing simultaneously Out of this combowd activity t inelltri our behatior Physical control of many brain functions by dnigs and by LS13 is ricne a detT10011011 trri fact It has been shown that E513 may influence emotions and social behavior inch as aggresuon Its pun:Wines are still link known-- Perhaps the erica significant conclusion derived au far is that functions traditionally related to the psyche — such as friendhneat pkasurt and strhal expetation — can be brought about or modified or inhibited by ES8" of fear sni a 'Irmo-chemical- Eloctronie afro! of lb brain cage and "ratted emucionally according to what pottiots ti their brains recetied the electric vials Del dd floo in to ILIA the ebretric stimulations I ft fact they veined unpkamnt or uticonductable to the to enyoy the sensatiota and would to La boratory stspre on which they performed without fear or ainstety any One of the twat Ifirctacular results induced by the electric signals has teen the arourad and control ' - - 4 Ck-- L It 44 :::- - :itikI 164‘ (44EZise4A-t'44f 1 16C1:2111141:11114attk 144 V 4 DR LORENZ has learned to "converse" with geese he's even conditioned some of them to think of him as their "mother" THIS WEEK Magazine August 20 19461 5 |