Show J5 Can Ocitentioto §t Rom Malin One knothell )t sday dawns over the Danube A mist-shroud- Ill 10 marshes a rug- gedly built Austrian naturalist steps to a lake shore and through cupped hands bellows a Perks at bird calls Up from the pools and nesting places flutter huge numbers of geese Reclining motionless on a mountain slope in a dense Congo rain forest a slim American zoologist watches a group of youthful gorillas feeding Suddenly he is spotted by a huge silver-backmale gorilla who grunts harshly thumps his chest and roars Then instead of charging it resumes its feeding In a darkened laboratory at Yale University a Spanish-bor- n physiologist peers intently through a one-wa- y observation window at a colony of rhesus monkeys who dwell in a soundproof chamber As a large monkey rises to threaten a smaller one the scientist presses a button that transmits a radio signal Immediately the large monkey sits down and begins to munch on a piece of fruit g research studies so far Out of these removed from the hectic pace of the jet age are emerging startling revelations about the functioning of the brains of animals and humans that may hold great significance for the future of mankind and the preservation of life on earth Frankly alarmed by the mounting threats to our existence posed by nuclear weapons scientists are racing against the clock to gather knowledge and develop techniques for controlling the most fearsome and destructive of all human activities — aggression At 'iNV 49-cJor f: i t f!' -) ir-rfr sAs -— ta to 0 14 -- -rz- I ki L '" are that ed ed lead-insulat- ed Applying what they've learned from birds bulls gorillas and wolves these wofid-lamo- us researchers are tackling the problem before It's too late BY (VAN AfeLEOD WYLIE 4 Tow wild animas AN Stimulation of the Brain to examine the physical and chemical basis of emotions and thought leading perhaps to a control of mental disturbance Foremost among the ethologists is Dr Konrad Lorenz one of the world's leading naturalists and in Bavaria Director of the Fascinated by animals from his early boyhood Lorenz became first physician then zoologist and researcher into animal behavior For more than half a century he has studied birds fish waterfowl and other animals Ile learned to identify and reproduce articulated phrases in the vocabulary of geese that enable him to "converse" with his own flocks Goslings that Lorenz has "imprinted" with his own maternal image from the moment they are hatched from incubated eggs follow Ilimaboutanct respond to Lorenz light are According Fight and instinctive Hunger Love the principal drives in all animals distinction between animal and human aggression is that although the stronger animal may chase overwhelm maul claw peck bite the weaker in the wild state few ever to so leer alto kill their own kind "Murder" — as a rule occurs only when animals are confined in cages tanks pens etc which prevent the loser from fleeing Otherwise there seems to exist within the brains of a nimals a natural "brake" which causes the victor to walk away become distracted or be satisfied to watch the loser retreat A beaten wolf will roll over on its back exposing its jugular vein and belly from its a death-slas- h foe but the other wolf is satisfied to cock his leg on the nearest bush or rock as signal of victory Similarly a turkey cock sensing that he has lost a battle will suddenly bare his throat to his adversary but the other bird will not or as Lorenz has come to believe cannot inflict the fatal wound Gorillas have long been considered among the most terrifying ferocious aggressive of all wild thole' kind far-flun- Why does man kill man? What can be done to reduce or control violent and aggressive behavior in people? The answers to these two key questions upon which our survival may depend are being sought in many fields of science One new field which has — recently attracted widespread attention is Ethology the modern study of animal behavior The other known in physiology labs as ESB employs Electrical to his calls as they would toi a natural goose mother In addition to vocal 004114 Lorenz discovered that animals use a language of communication that includes slight subtle expressions gestures postures and specific movements to convey specific messages Resemblarices‘to human behavior are striking but certain contrasts even more extraordinary an enormous animal Dr Lorenz believes inheritance reinaiai in the brain of man today Many of man's habits anxieties rituals and particularly his aggression stein directly from brain functions that are critically important to animals and once were critically import—ant to man too They help us gain new insight into the natural causes of our own behavior and we can study methods of improving it so that we beccime less destructive One impor-tan- t or — to a and |