| Show r 1 2 A Sunday 31orning Labor Marks Eventful Year500000 Face Crucial Test With Record of Gains Roll Hits 10 Million Point In War Game ( - Salt Cake reititne 'Zile Weapons and Tactics Wait First LargeScale Trials :: - it ' r e - 4?-? K ':?'''' 4c 1:':::::::'::'1 A u g 30 (In- -Army leadership will face Its WASHINGTON August 30 (The Salt Lake Tribune Special severest peacetime test next month News Service)—Labor day 1941 rounds out a critical and mo- When t w o modernly - equipped mentous year for American labor as it struggled for new gains armies "fight" over almost 30000 miles in Louisiana and east in a period overshadowed by the threat of spreading war and the square Texas for an objective which as yet urgency of building up the nation's army and its arms is secret The massing of the country's in- More than 500000 troops will dastrial power and raw materials participate in the operations deto stock the arsenal of democsigned to demonstrate whether Uncle Sam's new and untried milia in record pigh racy produced tary machine will click when subemployment many millions of jected to simulated wartime condollars in wags increases and ditions thousands of new recruits in the Officers Face Test ranks of organized labor now Commanders from the brasshata boasting of a total enrollment in On the general staffs to the lowliest excess of 10000000 workers corporals will have a chance to show their qualities of leadership Units In the swiftly changing scene Production and the war department already from peacetime to wartime prohas let it be known that the jobs Learn 'Whyte duction labor announced and carof many of them particularly those ried out a program of getting its ranks will depend Of Army Navy NOeds In the higher share of war industry profits into greatly on the showing theymake pay envelopes to meet the upward in this mock war trend of prices and living costs CAMBRIDGE Mass Aug) (NI - The maneuvers also will provide Strikes Spring Up (The Salt Lake Tribune Special the first opportunity for large-sca- le The inevitable strikes and the News Service )—A manufatttirer testing of both new tactics and weapons Threats of strikes hit the including parachute shipyards went to recently to troops and arms- - factories airplanes Kearny sill the Washington Ind army his produci7-aa- y "tank killer" units Inglewood Milwaukee and Wright The competing forces will be Field were notable trouble spots gasoline cans on the labor front And for 'a He was informeti that they made up of the Second army under Lieutenant Ben Lear and month the soft coal fields shut couldn't do his cans the Third General army under Lieutenant down closing off the flow of vital didn't meetbusinesthat army specifications General Walter Krueger Both fuel ipipplies to defense industries while miners and operators They were an inch shorter and armies will be supported by units of the First and Second armored bigger around threshed out their biennial prob- slightly That seemed tthial They held divisions and by more than 1000 lem of wages and policies of 'gasoline and planes of the air force combat The year from Labor day to La- the same amount C011i were tint-clu- e The command bor day was memorable too for they business man cussed out the army For months the troops have been other events capricious' and tangled getting ready for this culminating Henry Ford reversed his tra- fOr inbeing red 'tape Phase of their training—maneuverditional stand on organized labor up In first by divisions and then by on Another manufacturer intent vast his of and opened the doors the army a lot of trucks army corps so as to accustom their industrial empire to collective selling was dismayed to find that the officers gradually to the moving of bargaining with C I O John L Lewis stepped down whole order had been given to larger and larger bodies of men from the C I 0 presidency after a rival manufacturer be couldn't Tint Waits Training get in on part of its Ha engaging in a dramatic but futile even The First and Fourth armies will out tha army for playing cussed to unseat the Roosevelt attempt not take part in the Louisiana maadministration in the presidential favorites As a matter of fie tha: army neuvers but the former will move election And for the first time in many had very good reason itt:' both 'into the Carolinas in November for training in which it will be opposed years the government used fed- cases by the Fourth army corps The eral troops to open a strike- Fully Explained Fourth army commanded by Lieu'bound plant—the North American Measurements were specified on tenant General John L Dewitt Aviation company at Inglewood just completed its maneuvers Cal—and sabsequently used its gtuolint cans so that they would has on the west coast evoking the cornan4 fit trucks into to in ship exactly the power navy charge put of a strike-boun- d especially to carry ment from Secretary Stimson that shipyard owned holds built units were far far ahead of any by the Federal Shipbuilding and them A slight deviation In size- 'its of the divisions sent to France dur'necesand could at Dock loading disrupt company Dry Kearny the World war when he was or use two two ing of site ships New Jersey an artillery colonel trucks instead of one Mane Collisions Troops of the Second and Third The incidents partly hypothetic already are moving toward Labor and industry collided in al are nevertheless typical of armies the maneuver area and by Septemmany spots as- $0011 as defense bet 1 they: will will be in position prOduction began to gather speed for the preliininary phases The undertense of over production—lack sometimes wages sometimes maneuvers are to be of the type over the'vlosed shop or a verb'- - standing between industrialists and described by the army as "free" in officials of the army or the navy bon and sometimes over both that they will not proceed in acA I' L and C I 0 unions strug- of each other's problems cordance with a preconceived plan The difficulty is understandable In gling to consolidate their old which the winner already is gains and make new ones soon enough For 20 years industrial- known found themselves busy on two ists and fighting force officials fronts—fighting for wages and have had little occasion te look Now working contracts on the indus- at each other's businesses trial front and battling against close collaboration is essential to the threat of legislative curbs on maximum efficiency The instances their activities inspired by con- of Misunderstanding have had no dire consequences but multiplied gressional criticism of strikes In an effort to cope with the Many times they Impair the vital unrest and the costly tie-uin speed of defense production Here at the Harvard graduate the defense jactories the administration seT up an emergency' sehool of business administration board—The national defense me- where officials have been collabDETROIT Aug 30 (UP)— diation board—as a public tribu- orating closely with the army on to mediate labor conflicts industrial problems for years Chrysler corporation's dramatizanal that failed to yield to ordinary they're all set to let go with the tion of its $400000000 defense proconciliation efforts ultimate phase of a was highlighted this week by became plan started as long 'as a year ago) gram Washington President KT Keller's disclosure crowded with employers and un- to remedy this deficiency': that the firm plans to triple proionists waiting their turn for a duction of n Instruction army tanks by hearing either before the board Rushes or before panels of conciliators A year ago the school instituted' the end of the year Keller disclosed the firm's inr' organized by the labor depart- is a part of its regular of boosting output of the tention ment curriculum of advanced training fortresses from 5 to 15 per giant The passing of Lewis from the for business a course in industrial at the outset of a tour by presidency of C I 0 provided some mobilization designed to fimiliar--r day 300 of:Chrysler derichly dramatic moments for la- ize future executives with Military fensenewspapermen the new plants Including bor industry and government production problems and 1:'future tank arsenal but as president of the strongly army officers—students In the $20000000 It was the first time civilians organized United Mine Workers ROTC—with the Other Sid of were permitted to see the hug he remains a power in C I 0 and the picture arsenal in mass production They some think he may again return Some 235 men took the courW saw three assembly lines humming to its leadership week-end and special conferenceir with activity then moved over were held every month A to the mile-lon- g test track adjaShow Strength business men could cent ot the building He demonstrated his strength tend: There six of the tanks roared In the spring and early summer It worked Out so well MO In o up and down the track at 25 miles by forcing the soft coal producers few weeks a large-scal- e extension hour firing blank shells from to capitulate on a new contract Of the idea will be :Inaugurated—i per cannons and Machine guns their providing not only wage increases a complete defense industrial man-- - They also swooped into steep simuof more than 91 a day but elimigement course of ' training that lated bomb craters and climbed noting a wag differential be- - will run because of the emergency out effortlessly tween northern and southern for 12 straight months and turn The tanksZ are powered by 400-mines on day labor rates Out in September 1942 leverat liorsepower 'radial enUnder his successor- Philip hundred trained executivec gines mounted in the rearMurray C I 0 has had one of its moat active years since it was founded in 1935 although it was bent by internal struggles and divisions over personalitiel and policies The American Federation- of tabor likewise rolled up new membership and wag gains in WASHINGTON—President Roosevelt calls upon manthe year since last Labor day agement and labor to apeed uninterrupted production of deespecially in the construction WASHINGTON ' '::' irs ': 1 toN (f ' : - ' " '' '4 - t''''''' :' ' i " i I' ' troop-carryi- IP'' '' "t ' - r thouinda - Chrysler Plans To Triple Tanks Output ps - high-power- soon ed 21-to- two-yea- n - air-cool- ed - - - Summary of Major News From Capitals of World - field metal manufacturing industries aircraft and shipbuilding Problems Still Left Organized labor turns the corner trito another year with many of its problems pill unsettled and perhaps many More still to arise and confront the men who run labor and the men who administer the government's labor policies The upward trend in prices and the cost of living has created a continuing wage problem unless prices are halted by a government fixed ceiling And there remains unsolved labors demand for a greater voice In the defense councils and in the shaping of conditions under which some 38000000 wage earners must work 0 fense materialsr—Story page 1 column IL Germans claim devastating attacks on Russian transportation lines before Leningrad Russians say German drive toward Moscow has been halted—Story page I column 5 MOSCOVV-Gerrnan"are coming to their end much sooner than many expect" declare Russians—Story page 5 column I TOKYO—Axis diplomats hint that United States and Japan may be on verge of agreement on Pacific problems— Story page I column:7 HELSINKI—Finn-- recapture beloved city of Viipuri but find it in flames as Russians continue "scorched earth" ry policy-Stopage L column 6 VICHY—Sympathy develops in Trance for Paul Colette would-b- e assassin of Pierre Laval pronazi leader who still remains din critical condition—Story page 5 column 4 s i ' : ' ''' t ':- - ' i 1VASIIINGTON August 30 (The Stilt Lake Tribune Special s4ws Sekvice)—Three kings are battling for clomination In thi realm of electrical energy Unlike Samuel Insull and H C Hopson who one or two decades Igo were carrying on their classic struggles to create private utility empires these three are allpublic power apos1 tles The issue amongthem is how ---- ' -: P - - t--- v ' ower 'Power' And J A Kru4-o-f OP31 Clash Public Utility Policies - 4 '1 Control Ickos Chairman Olds of F P C 04 - - ' ' :' f ' i ' — -- J"0 - - 4: e is 4r - '': S I -N: -4 ' - - mossommo''' 6 Defense Puts - --' -- ' i - i 2 --- 1 1 r :' ' N power can be best administered in --- the public interest eary rain On' u S Purse The new kilowatt r kirgs are Secretary of the Interim Ickes Leland Olds chairman of the fed era! power commiasion and J A ir41 Krug coordinator Of defense pow- - t No PockOts er for the office of production management Krug for the past )3ut Not Long four years has been manager of Henderson Warns power for T V A- The vast expansion in the pro duction of electrical energy for NEW YORK Aug 23 VI—How defense purposes has brought the will qv Swar affect- your pocketpower public people to their feet book? ask: this strengthen Will They the Leon Henderson head of or weaken the and administration power movepublic office of price ment who will control this new e in t h civilian jeupply writing war? after the power American issue the of October says "Your pockets will Big Demand for Power megazi be full but don't worry — you 0 P M's program will 'increase won't have Such i a fat pocketbook the capacity of the nation's generators more than one-thiby i"In fact" he a ds "that pocket 1944 adding 12050000 kilowatts book has Creed developed leaks to the present national capacity and In the futur is going 113 have of 33771000 Tr 40 buy Much mote than your daily amounts of electricity are needed needs Your pocketbook and mine to produce aluminum and mag- will be buying defense" nesium two of the essential metals And the drain on the old purse In a war which is fought largely' ' ' is going to by airplanes Henderson intinrtes rower shortages are threatened be terrine in many areas of the country and High by Comparison already consumers in the south east have bad to go through a petaxes and it through "We'llbuy riod of drastic conservation those taXes are doing to seem very power conservation cam- Shortly high indeed when we Compare paigns will be launched in many them w4h the taxes We- aid last regions and if voluntary curtailYear" he writes "A price is high ment of the use of electricity is effective 0 P M is ready to : however only In relationl to what not the emplok emergency It buys I nd cold any man's son power underpresident's the selective servics7 ot you name a !price that would act to require curtailment be too high twins) for freedom Plans Hanging Tire from the nazi straitjacket? are Various that Henderion'warns "You plans are hanging fire going to have to :save mere money —held up in congressional corn and you'A betel 'decide for your- mitteesin government offices in self to save money for your own the budget bureau or the White good and' tor the good of the na- House Thee include Olds' plan tion because it you donl decide which for some reason was not Own congressmen will de- - submitted for more than a year 0Odeyour for you and then well go after the president had requested in for forced saving" him to make the survey of power : Henderson discusses "the dark resources Ickes' plan for new' threat the leak that can drain public power plants In the west In the present rate and a step-u- p your pocketbook" of construction on his uncom- -' Warns Against tiflation pleted projects the plans for a I 1 "I mean rising prices" he says Columbia river authority an Arate already here There is kiwis' authority and other they on a thing tittoul those rising proposedvalley organizations which to Prices that I Im sure! know One some extent might increase power thing so deadly to what we are output The federal electricity Is the building now to what we hopefar in the future that I am shoutbone of contention among the ' 14 'beware' " public power people k One aide now-leHe refers to intlation by Olds says it should : "Inflation Is disaster" he writes 'be' administered like TVA by a 'bankruptcy Depression Ruin resident board directly respon01 Idleness ReVolt It can lose both sible to the president This sys the Wee and the peace for us It tern they say provides local con-- '! can sink our standards of living trol free to battle any encroachbelow m1sery'levels4t can Cor- ment on the public interest And rode our value in living into' a best able to learn and take care jazz age of tinsel and irrespon- - of local needs While the present i sibility" secretary of interior is a friend of' public power future secretaries i e 1::: 1 - 1ii for - 1- ':- (: :' 4 - - I Technicians study the intricate mechanism of a new British device which the radio-locat- ei it is asserted more accurately locates hostile: Britain Enlist Plane Finder Staffs in N Y I - - 1 i or a ' ' gun parts into a lot of odd-- ? shaped pieces to avoid this All right your molds are ready Meanwhile you have been assembling thousands of tons of variegated materials and machines Under ideal conditions all this planning order-- I Int shipping and setting up qUireS six months Double Proem NOW you're ready to go ahead with your work—all 'ready I had thought to take your hunks of metal and bore holet in them A couple of hundred years ago I would have been right but modern shells require stronger barrels They're made by two processes One is centrifugal casting Molten metal is poured into a The tube spinning rapidly whirling throws it into a thin layer on the inside of the tube As it cools ahil hardens you get a gun barrel uniform to a tiny fraction of an inch This method can be used only on guns up to three inches bore diameter The bigger ones like the 167inch coast defense guns have as I suspected to be bored But you can't just take any old piece of iron and bore a to be a steel hole in it It of metal column long forging—a heated to plasticity and rolled and hammered to make the crystaline structure of its mole-abo- ut This alone males extra strong may take several days Ther): the metal has to be cooled care-- a it in fully often by burying sand or cinders for some time Two Borings Your forging done the column of metal is put on a lathe spun at high speed and cut down to the proper outside size Then a bit is started in one end to bore the primary hole after that there's the rifling—the of spiral grooves on the inside the barrel that start the shell travel whirling so it will whole straight It may take a day to put the rifling hit through the first time Then it has to be put through again and again cutting the grooves a little deeper each time until they are the right depth to a hair You're nowhere near done re-St- ies ' or - ed 24-ho- ur - de Ford Revamps Plane Plant : - yet On the big guns the barrels are so long that the metal needs extra support This is obtained jacket by "shrinking" a metal around your inside barrel A second barrel just a shade too small for the inner barrel to fit inside of it is heated to expand it and your first barrel - is slipped inside of it When the jacket cools it clamps tight-mak- er Iy around the inside barrel Army Puts 'Jumping Doctors' On Parachute Assignments lar complement will go to the 503d - I 4- Correspondent Finds Production Of Big Guns Consists of More Than Boring Through Metal pt ed ' ' radio-locator- four-engin- k aircraft and directs fire against them Both men and women its being trained fort filo task of operating the device By Gladwin U S ARSENAL Watertown Mass Aug 30 (The Salt Lake Tribune Special News Service) —As a taxpayer I had won- dared for some time why it took so long to Make those big guns for the army had heard tone about prior- and machine tools and bot- tlenecks but I still couldn't see why it should take months to make a gun and a year or more to get them into man produc- ' tion After all a gun is just a hunk of metal with a hole bored through it and there seemed to be no reason Why that couldn't be done in a Week or so three weeks at the outside So I came here to find out Lesson Elementary' down best-kesecret of The Watertown arsenal and Perhaps the was in the one at Watervliet N Y are the war the use for coins months before-- its responsible for most of the broad details were announced Watertown armyta big guns the British jest June 18 Ths does metal casting Watervliet United States had been given its constructs the guns and Water- secrets but otherwise little WWI town in turn builds the gun car- known of it riages Brigadier General R W The Germans probably suspectCase in charge here was very ed its use and even may have a patient with my ignorance and device of their own similar to It gave me an elementary lesson The principles upon which it works In gunmaking have been long known The first step it seems is drawing some plans—blueprint See Peacetime Itoio in great enlargement and detail It simply transmits a beam with several prints for each of a which is reflected by an object-- several hundred parts gun's such as a plane—Coming between A fair-sizgun requires it and certain specified layers of 1500bitzeprints And the the atmosphere It keeps fastest anybody in the world watch for the enemy has ever been i able to whip up Its peacetime possibilities are set of these Is a year regarded as great Next you want to be sure "It is no exaggeration to state" this design will work So you says the'British air ministry "that build a tailor-magun each when this system is fully applied part fashioned laboriously out to sea and air navigation in peace of metal With none of the speed most shipwrecks will be elimiof: mass production advantages nated there need never be an—a job comparable to one man other Titanic disaster and many making a motorboat including causes of accident to aircraft will the motor' YOu have to assem- be abolished" ble a variety of materials and tools get them in shape for han- tiling and then do your work It takes about a year Ready to Ge All right your gun works and you're ready to go into mass DETROIT Aug 30 (—Henry production For your metal work you have Ford expetts to build Consolidated tohave a wood dummy of thebomber plane assemblies gun made by an expert wood carver called a patternmaker long before the $47000000 faCtOry He has to carve out each of the now under oonstruction near Ypsiindi- of hundreds parts gun's lanti Mich is completed vidually The patternmaker not only He disclosed this Saturday In anto be it sculptor but also a has borwith equipment nouncing that puzzle genius The wood jigsaw rowed largely from the Consoliare pressed into moist patterns dated Aircraft plant at San Diego sand to make molds for metal he would make at least 10 of the castings No piece can have too bombers In the many angles or corners or it giant will mess up the sand mold as old Tord alrplane factory at Dearyou pull 4t mat The pattern- born where a little more than a bas to break down the decade ago the Ford trimotor transport planes were built Installation of he borrowed equipment includi ni intricate jigs and dies already is under way The assemblies to be produced in the old aircraft building adjacent WASHINGTON Aug 30 — to the Ford airport will be com(N Y Time0—The assignment plete excepting fori the four enof "jumping doctors" to serve Company engineers who on the spot with parachute gines have spent much time in the Controops has been arranged by the solidated Aircraft Iplant on the army west coast expect the newest unThe first two parachute batdertaking in connettion with the talions the 501st and 502d albomber eontract not only to help in smoothing out production probeen saigned two have ready cedure but to apeedF up production doctors and 15 medical departonce the new factory la ready ment inflated men each A simi D iego i ii Ep1070 Yeat!s' of Headaches NEW YORK Aug 30 Great Britain has a recruiting headquarters in New York for a civilian technical corpsclity experts to develop and service a weapon which may prove to be the greatest invention of this second World war the This instrument so complicated that it takes longer to train a man to service it than it does to build a new one has been credited by the British air ministry with having played a large role in the battle of Britain last tall and winter Ignores og Darkness 's wartime The function is to locate attacking airand fog planes through darkness It is an eye which sees where the human eye cannot The attacking plane ia spotted far away and by the time it gets to where It might do damage & defending fighter craft is aloft to hoot it radio-locat- 1 Cannonataking Provides VI-- - radio-locat- ---: ' i ' ? - 1 — ' ! a p i: '7 ng '- -"") ' ' so-call- ed - 7-- : : : ' t4 ' 44: 1 - --- ' i ( r::-v71- - attic e 1 i 4 i-- !‘ $ "V 0141 fs 1 Harvard Aids In Speedm Defense Plan :: I '-- 1 :1 t ' (3: :i:j trit'" ' t d ) t a - : ? ' wocI ': 4 '':7:'1''c''"t''-'''::"q- ): : ' 1 ' ': : ' --- ' '' '' : ' 27 - ti'l: : 4 ' ':''- I pl:1: ' ow 1 ::-- - hiee Federal Officials i 1 ' :kil : 1 - '- :1 1: t '' :' ':::f-!:::- '"411 - ' i 4- ' ' t : - 'i Pog9Dartertess c : - t Tye' Spots Enemy Atrmenfiti JNIew Milestone Monday 'Sees Both l Groiips CIO and AFL Couiltinct Hard:' Won Victories and Big Problems Ahead August 31 19411 Medical officers and men have been specially selected from a long list of volunteers and will receive all of the training given to combatant parachutists They will carry special equipment needed for emergency care of casualties on the field which will be dropped with them in accessory parachutes --" rd ? i - emndous -- 7 - t I - I - T I 1 - T 1 - !'7- - Canal Defense Wins trraise --- q ' f ! z ' Copyright by raw York Times P A NA 14 A Aug 30 — The Strength of m4itary aviation An the Caribbean defense Isector is treater! than generally believed and is constantly'growint according to Member of a special subcommittee of the housel military Weirs committee now toUring the Caribbean zone Members of t!he group under ihairmanship Representative I5on WHarter (0) Ohio asserted that the progress of work on Caribbean bases was satisfactory although much remains tO be done t They said that the Panama canal defenses are of the highest order and rapid progress of improvements will make the waterway impregnable in the near fu' 2 may not be Central Control treed LI On the other side where Ickes Is leader the argument is that all federal power should be administered by a central authority as in the case of interior department projects Since the nation's 111011I is' invested the nation should re-- 1 " tairt some control' Krug Ickes and Olds beim their own plans for defense power While this basic division issaid' to be at the core of their disagreements each finds various flaws 'In :the other's plans Olds Wants large expansions of private Power plants lending pub-l- ie funds where necessary he4 wants new public projects started and he wants public and private t - - - -- ex-pens- ion' 4 plants to establish interconnecting transmission lines so that each can take advantage of the other's re! serves of power Krug Wants Tie-u- p Krug wants and is getting the ture i The !Itorale Of troops at poets Interconnections such as Olds pro and he and Olds get along in the 'Caribbean was described poses as good although some of tho so well on this point that the: P C orders and arranges the! exOoldiers when interviewed connections with the companimil to at a natural desire be: pressed But the FP Cs plans for newihome earning high defense Wprojects don't sit well with illies Most otthe soldiers it ail public M Some of them are platnnedl P 0 tol a be done in Said realize job has places where power Is not need and they are willing to do it ed OP M says To build those: now will only take up the capacity' of manufacturers of generators Distance Lycust 31 and- equipment who already are' stocked up for two years with Goes illome by Car orders for vitally needed plants! The showdown on these fights GRANTS PASS Ore Aug 30 ::(in—John William Macintosh 13 for new public power plants may Was home Saturday pretty proud come in congress if either side of his latest trip on the bicycle he presses their campaign for appropriation or at the White House- bought in 1902 whishis If either seeks to get the presioldster The till gaunt kers flOwing in the breeze pedaled dent to use his emergency powers to erect plants as defense projects' 587 miles from Grants Pass to Beach Wash just for fun He 0 P M meanwhile has the finalsay on priorities and it could set-- !' averaged eight miles an ihour But he rode home in ah automo- tie the issue if the two factions bile berause his son E T Marin- sought concrete and machines tor t 'tosh Aatotriatlatiated new power plants o' 1 f - - 111 " - - Pa-vi- ne - I i - t - |
