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Show green river dispatch, GREEN RIVER, UTAH TERRACES IMPORTANT FACTORS LOCATING WELLS . IN WILL5 . AVERT EHOSIOH Carefully Avoid Close Proximity to Source of Pollution. Most Effective Method Can Be Employed to Prevent WashWater Carrying Germa of Infectfon la ing of Soil. Tubercu-locl- e Cauae of Typhoid Fever, and Other Ailments BENCH TERRACE Some Safeguards. IS ANCIENT (Prepared by the United States Department of Agriculture.) By Ridge Plan It Is Possible to Convenience and first cost not saniinate Steep, Uncultivated Strips tary safety have been the deciding That Interfere With Farmfactors In locating thousands of farm On the average three out of wells. ing Operations. four wells are within 75 feet of the (Prepared by the United States Depart-- back door of the house and in the dimeat of Agriculture.) rection of the barn. Close proximity to barnyards, pigTerracing Is the most effective methThere are pens, sink drains, ont buildings, and od of preventing erosion. two distinct types of terraces the other sources of pollution seriously Imbench terrace and the ridge terrace. pairs the water supply, makes It unTyA field of beach terraces resembles a safe and destructive to heulth. series of benches or a flight of steps. phoid fever, tuberculosis, hookworm Ridge terraces, as the name implies, dlseuse, cholera, dysentery, and diarElim- rhea are among the ailments caused nr Influenced by contaminated water, and maladies such as hog cholera; anthrax disease of live and stock have been traced to water which carries the germs of Infection. Wells cannot he located In nl cases so that there may not he some pollution, but the great safeguards are clean ground and as wide separation as possible from the probable channels of any Impure drainage. It Is not enough that a well or spring he 50. 100 or 150 feet from a source of filth or merely upon higher ground, although even, moderate remoteness and elevation of the source of supply are desirable. Given porous or gravelly ground, scanty pollution of ledge, or one plat of land, the zone of contamination Is likely to extend long distances, particularly In downhill directions, and at such times as wuter supplies (ye lowered by drought or heavy Only when the surface of pumping. the water In a well or spring is actually at a higher level at all times than source of filth Is there posany near-bitive assurance of safety. sre simply ridges of earth thrown up across the slopes of hillsides. Of the two types the bench terrace g much the older. The ridge terrace has come into general use only during the last 25 years. Bench terraces for agricultural purposes were used by the ancients of Europe, Asia and South America. The ancient Peruvians In South America terraced the steep slopes of mountains, the walls of the terrace embankments being built of stone. Bench Terrace. The bench terrace Is essentially a steep-lan- d terrace. Ridge terraces are much superior for lands of moderate slopes, as with them It Is possible to long-continu- y T HE National Parks association Is something new under the sun." despite the dictum of the adage. It Is organized by unofficial friends of the national parks to enter a field jf the national "ark movement which It Is not the function of the federal government to occupy. This national park movement la the llvest cause which Is not primarily a cause growing out of the great war. Our entrance into war In 1917 caused temporary postponement of the plana then well under way for the organization of this association. In Its place the National Parks Educations committee was formed to hold the ground already gained and to organize the association at a propitious time. The committee has done its work and the National Parks association is now doing business, with headquarters In the Union Trust building, Washington, D. C. The purpose of the association Is splendidly patriotic. Wholly Independent of the federal government, It will closely with the national park service, the new bureau of the department of the interior established by congress to administer the national parka. It is nonpolitical and one of Its purposes Is to keep politics out of the national parks. It stands lor the outdoor life, for recreation amid scenic beauty; for See America First; for the development of the national parks as great economic assets of the nation; for keeping billions of American dollars at home before the war something like $500,000,0(10 a year was spent by American tourists abroad in sightseeing, of which Switzerland aloue got more than $200,000,-000. Yet, notwithstanding these many activities, the main purpose of the association Is educational. It says to the people of the nation who are to use these public playgrounds: Do you know that our national parks are nature's great laboratories and museums that the splendid spectacles which our national parks present are not only 'wonders,' not merely scenery, but also the conspicuous exhibits of a passing stage In the eternal progress of creation that they show us, upon a mighty scale, the processes by which she has been and Is making America that you may double your pleasure In these spectacles by comprehending their meaning and that an Intelligent study of them will Introduce you to a new and wonderful world? Let us know America, and let us really know It Let us know Its natural as well as Its national history. Let us differentiate and distinguish and appreciate. Then only shall we know. The purposes of the National Parks association may therefore be concisely summed up thus: To Interpret the natural sciences which are Illustrated In the scenic features, flora and fauna of the national parks and monuments, and circulate popular Information concerning them In text and picture. To encourage the popular study of the history, exploration, tradition and folk lore of the national parks and monuments. To encourage art with national parks subjects, and the literature of national parks travel, wild life and wilderness living and the Interpretation of scenery. To encourage the extension of the national parks system to represent by consistently great examples the full range of American scenery, flora and fauna, yet confined to areas of significance so extraordinary that they shall make the name national park an American trademark In the competition for the world's travel ; and the development of the national monuments Into a system Illustrative of the range of prehistoric civilization, early exploration and history, lund forms, American forest type, wild life. etc. To enlist the personal services of Individuals of societies, organisations, and the schools, universities, and Institutions In the cause of the national parks and monuments. The National Parks Educational committee consisted of 25 members. Charles D. Walcott, secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, was chairman. The vice chairman was William Kent former congressman from California and the donor of Muir Woods National monument to the nation. Henry B. F. Macfarland of Washington was chair GRIT OF GREAT IMPORTANCE Takes Place of Teeth in Preparing Feed for Further Digestion Keep It Handy. (Prepared by the United States Department of Agriculture.) Grit Is essential to the health of fowls and to economy In feeding. Grit takes the place of teeth In preparing Method of Carrying Terrace Water Under x Roadway by Meant of a Culver! man of the executive committee and the secretary was R. S. Yard of the national parks service. Among the outdoor men were Belmore Browne, explorer, author and artist; Henry G. Bryant, explorer and president of the Geographical society of Philadelphia; William E. Colby, president of the Sierra club; George Bird Grinned of the Boone and Crockett club and Glacier National park pioneer; George D. Pratt, president of the Camp Fire club, and Charles Sheldon, explorer, hunter and author. The American Game Protective and Propagation association and the American Bison society were represented by their presidents, John B. Burnham and Edmund Seymour. George F. Kunx, president of the American Scenic und Historic Preservation society, was a member. The colleges contributed W. W. Atwood, department of physiography at Harvard; President John H. Finley of the University of the State of New York ; E. U. Lehnerts. department of geology of the University of Minnesota and a pioneer In national parks classes. Others well known were Arthur E. Bestor, president of the Chautauqua Institution ; Dr. J. Walter Fewkes, chief of the bureau of American ethnology; LaVerne W. Noyes, president of the board of trustees of the Chicago Academy of Sciences, and Mrs. John Dickinson Sherman, conservation chairman of the General Federation of Women's clubs (the only woman). This personnel assures the of many publlc-splrlte- d organisations, popular and learned, from the beginning. The officers of the association are: President, Henry B. F. Macfarland of Washington, D. C. Vice presidents, Nicholas Murray Butler, president of Columbia university; John Mason Clarke, chairman of geology and paleontology, National Academy of Sciences; William Kent of California ; Henry Suzxallo, president of the University of the stale of Washington. Treasurer, Charles J. Bell, president of the American Security and Trust rompuny of Washington. Executive secretary, It. S. Yard. Chairman ways and means committee, Huston Thompson. Congress conceives the national parks as concrete possessions of the people. As such. It provides for the protection, malnteuance and development of the parks. Whnt use the people will make of them Is fur the people to determine. Here, then. Is where the National Parks association finds Its work. It la. In effect, an organisation of the people themselves to enable them to use effectively the magnificent reservations which congress creates and the national parks service maintains and develops. It win be seen that, while the functions of the governmental bureau anil the popular association do not overlap, they are nevertheless Intimately associated. In a practical way the two are partners, each with Its Individual duties, both working toward o common end. To emphasize this Individuality, the National Parks association Is entirely separate and distinct from government. The association Is nongovernmental and nonpartisan. The association purposes to he of use to Its members. It will, among other things, Issue a series of beautifully and usefully Illustrated popular-scienc- e papers upon the scenery and the wild life of the national parks and monuments; Issue bulletins reporting national pa-development, state and other movements affecting national parks, progress of significant bills before congress, and the progress of association activities; place members names on bureau lists to receive new government publications concerning na ks eliminate the steep, uncultivated strips that Interfere with farming op- the feed for further digestion and is erations and often are seed beds for required for the proper preparation of, feed In the gizzard. When the feed Is weeds. The bench terrace Is usually built not properly taken care of In this oron the with the reversible hillside plow by gan an undue strain which the soil Is always thrown down fowls system, often resulting In disthe hill. This Is done for a number ease, and also allowing much of the of years until the bench becomes level nutriment to pass through the hints or the slope of the bench is slightly laxly without being absorbed. In every reversed. A ridge of earth is kept at pen or yard a box of grit should be the outer edge of the bench to prevent the surface water from running from one bench to the next bench below. Bench terraces should be lpvel; that Is, they should have no fall along the direction of their length. Before the bench between the terrace embankments Is made level by plowing the soil down the slope the surface water Is held above the shoulder at the outer side of the bench. Part of the water may move off slowly to the ends of the terrace and the rest will either sink Into the soil or evaporate. ; A heavy sod should be kept on the shoulder and embankment to prevent erosion should the shoulder be over- Chickens as a Side Line Are Profitable topped due to heavy rain. on Any Farm. When a bench terrace Is first started, the shoulder should be built about kept. Recent Investigators have asone foot high and three feet wide at serted that grit Is a part of the necesthe base. These dimensions can be re- sary feed, giving the fowls strong duced some as the leveling down of the bom und a bright plumage. bench proceeds. When the bench has become level it is only necessary to EXHIBIT OF SMOKED MEATS maintain a small shoulder about one-hafoot high at the outer side of the This will prevent possible Methods of Curing Meats in Different bench. Way to Be Explained at Iowa damage to the terrace due to an excesSwine 8how. rain. sively heavy The distance between the terraces Is (Prepared by the United Slates Departor distance vertlcnl the governed by ment of Agriculture.) The national swine show for 191D drop and not by the distance along the surface of the ground. The distance will he held at Des Moines, Iowu, Sepalong the surface of the ground will tember 20 to Oetolier 4. This annual oe different fnr different slopes of the event Is without doubt the most Imporland where the same vertical distance tant one connected with the swine Inbetween the terraces Is used. dustry. At the 1018 show held at CeThe proper drop or vertical distance dar Rapids, Iowa, the United States' between bench terraces depends large- department of agriculture made an exly on how much care and attention Is hibit of smoked meats. It is the ingiven to the terraces, the greater the tention of tlie department this year The to make a much drop the more care required. larger exhibit than It greater the drop the higher will be the dhl In 1918. In addition to the showdiffmore la and much it embankment, ing of smoked meats, the methods of icult to maintain a high than a low emcuring meats In different ways will he bankment. The best practice Indi- explained. The home curing of pork cates that the drop between bench ter- Is one being studied by many fanners races should never he less than three who have heretofore been in the habit feet nor more than six feet, although of purchasing their meuts from the loa drop of eight feet has been used cal dealer. successfully on steep slopes where the terraces are carefully maintained. FEEDING ENSILAGE TO COWS tional parks and popular science; keep members informed concerning new books on American travel, exploration, archaeological research, plant and animal life, and the meaning of scenery ; refer travel and route inquiries from members to that governmental or other agency, raHroad, or automobile association, which will give each inquiry the kind of attention It needs. ' The association has prepared an elaborate plan of popularizing natural science through universities and schools, public libraries, writers and lecturers feaand artists, and motion picture activities. ture of Its work will be the assembling of material by Intensively Studying the parks, through committees, separately and as a system, especially their history, nomenclature, folklore, geology, fauna and flora; by collecting this material In ready reference shape as the basis of a practical library; by compiling a working blbllograph, by park and subject, of material of every sort available especially In the library of congress and the scientific libraries of the government departments. The association will establish volunteer working committees of scientists, professors, students and other publlcplrlted members, and will utilize, as far as possible, the machinery already established and In operation by university and school organizations, state and county educational organizations, state pork organizations, scientific Instituortions, the national government, publlc-splrlte-d ganisations of all sorts, automobile and highway associations, business organizations, like railroads, automobile manufacturers and national parks concessioners, whose business will be helped by the work of the National Parks association. The executive committee Is assured of one subr scription of $5,000; it Is planned to secure minimum a to of a $10,000 amounting pledges year. It also expects at least 3,000 members at , $3 a year. The association already reports results. The University of the City of New York has prepared sets of natlounl parka lantern slides. The University of Minnesota has been sending study Classen to the national parks for two years ; Chicago sends one to Rocky Mountain National park this summer and Columbia will send one next year. Columbia has also Included a lecture course on the meaning of scenery In this season's summer school. A prominent studio 1ms arranged film stories to show how glaciers work on Mount Rainier, how the Grand canyon was cut; how water carved the Yosemlte valley, etc. If well handled, the National Parks association, with a large membership, tnuy do a great work ; it litis a large field und a great opimrtunlty. It inny even succeed In forcing congress to adopt a consistent park policy. About 000.000 people now visit the national parks every year und .the SALT OF GREAT IMPORTANCE Animala Not Only Pay for Feed In Increase protnlsus to lie very lurge. There Is, Summer, but Will Be In Good of nutlouul a parks enthusiasts Littlo Chore That la Often Neglected body therefore, Condition for Winter. numbering several millions. During the Summer Seaton While the association Is organized on a non poDo not wait too long when files are Regulates Digestion. litical basis, it will presumably have to go Into bad and the weather Is warm to open A little chore that Is of great Im- your silo and begin politics to accomplish Its ends, since the agriculfeeding ensilage tural department Is waging a campaign to secure portance In summer and one that Is to your cows. They will not pay the control of the national parks from the Interior often neglected. Is that of salting the for their feed In the summer, nily but will la the and national forests up department setting stock that is on pasture. Cuttle, sheep he In much better condition In the winand the forest service as scenic and recreation and hones on pasture will consume ter months, to do better work. Do not rivals of the national parks and the natlonnl parks more salt If they have a chance to do fall to have some sort of idmde In the service. Also, In Its plans to Increase the national so than they will when receiving dry pastures If you wish your cows to da will encounter both the open and feed. Balt acts as a regulator of the well In the hot summer parks system it months, A secret opposition of the forest service, the biggest and la necessary for cow that has to fight flies In the sub and smoothest running political machine In the digestive systemand proper growth development, espe- all day will not give large returns In United States. the pall at n L cially of the young growing animals. : lf V five-yea- |
