Show t f I VIEWS OF AN OIL EXPERT I hu IU l se Dee Dec Del nIn view of the tho great gr being taken at this thiM In 11 tho oil oi Industry throughout northwest and nna ot of tho the ninny nalY tUtU petroleum indications Indication throughout the lie I section the tho following lii In by b a tt Now New NO dent with wih Mr J J 1 tho the oil ull ox will bo be port of ot general l or 01 rock oil all I lion linn been beel known Iown I by b civilized mini from flOI the tue begin beginning beginning ning of ot history Herodotus In 11 his Ills eurll eat ent writings mentions tho the oil all al of ot and amI the thu of ot Hit II have havo boon been celebrated by Ly b the tho Arabs nd Pliny Ilso tho the oil 01 of ot which WIH used In itt II lamps l tinder tho tue t I name IHl of ot Gil II Mention IH la made mado nf ot In China Chin In 11 the tho th roe rec records ot of lint ancient people pelI Tho rho of ot petroleum dUtch and the tie 1 of Baku on oil 01 the Lii ea Have lV bi men n IV hY t the thu t wrt who have gone gono lano overland c troll train to 10 0 Ie ls Il t In North America Am fleet t by 1 u IL In i n u a I letter written In 1027 1621 and cud pub Nib published l In iii II history of ot Petr leter nn an I explorer thu tho t H mid oil 01 cic creek k In II his lila hook bonk of ot travels In North America published o In hi London In 1772 1112 During the lie Trench and Ind vur tai tho the French c nt at t Vail l olt where the t he city of or hurl now I t 11 II dc tin M tho the oil iii 01 In lint to tu t o General I Later on titi Oi fre frequent quent q mention menton Is II mado of ot oil 01 springs In correspondence c relating to o what Is 18 pica now Pennsylvania t West Virginia tutU 11 Kun During tho the of ot the tha last early enly years tt century c petroleum and Its forms lorms f vas noted notel by many lan I I rH t 1 lake Inko 10 acres In extent and nf nt un tat Ul known own depth stat mid 1111 Intersected with 1111 rivulets of ot water waler Thousands of tOlla each ench year ate nto cut out of ot this I and shipped to various of o tho ho world for rOl lt root paving roofing etc etC Theno over lining sup sui VIII from nn an ni unknown source beneath tho ho lake and to 10 nil all ni tho tM th supply IH is II lako Is lii Isa a It f mystery which 11 ou od tot for ninny many Inny yearn Sir Hit lla lirt HI Idali lelAh wrote rote rulE th lie IIRI first I rut of o It II In when ho he landed there on his voy voyage oy age In search of ot tho ho J and tho the land of or Iho ho nol gave n LI great greut deal of ot study and I to this remarkable phen phon phenomena phol omena Chemical research wn was n luWI In this tho early cI h part of ot the th hi last century to determine tile component parts of the Iho erOtic crude till oil 01 Several Beverl European l t had determined tim tho atomic constitution tion ton of o a n variety of ot different and agreed that I It contained an 1 equal number of atoms of ot carbon Mil and hydrogen It I has hns been Iwen recently determined that lint coma somo varieties of or po pa contain nitrogen ll nail oxygen These last elements Il are tiro Iro how boa however ho hoever ever really not tot component parts of po pa should be considered 10 as an ni The Tho TIm general chemical formula given on onto to petroleum Is 19 Old Cd 1111 This Thil ormolu Is II however I off nIT of Into the th various v byproducts In iii the of or the tho crude oils as an n 1122 13 which In II of ot tho the series omaiN OnON Tho Tue real roal origin of r petroleum has hl ha beets been beetsI n I subject of much speculation by I no men during the lie last 10 years and usual liNeal Is IR a it difference of opinion Tt It T In a n anost inn Involving greater obscurity than the tho origin of ot coal cOlI for tor H HH H I i l t T unlike coal conI It has hati no organic oranio structure turo nail and can only be bo Interred Inferred upon circum circumstantial stantini conditions that it I Is of oC organic origin These conditions are nr so ste 10 strong stong that lint len every geologist has con can concluded I that they th tIde must be Lo of ot vegetable or mineral minerai sources During tho the last years French anti and 11 lemma German I chemists have advanced arguments In favor of or a 1 i chemical origin They bane baso their arguments on n a series nones of or experiments ments In which powerful deoxidizing agents ilku Iko tho tiRi metals or Iron lean nt at a 1 heat heCt are caused or Iron with wih steam and nOI carbonic acid neil In this thin case cane the time hydrogen of or the water anti and the tho carbon of ot the tho carbonic acid having been beon deprived of o their oxygen to foun 1011 another compound of ot In an oil all nature closely resembling petroleum In Iii not fact these havo have been produced to prove their idea Iden Identity Ilen tRy Iy with wih oils al of at Pennsylvania Before conditions contilo It I M is I necessary pieCes sary lar ear to assume a n condition of at the earths Interior concerning concerning which wu Wv U know Iwo but little Ito While hillo time tho theoretical chemistry of ot this origin tines does roca not forbid such luch pot pos 09 there are arc Irp other conditions re relating roo relating lating to tn tIme the II origin of or which deol wRit with wih tho the known l owl rather mather tItan the he possible It 1 has been observed o lif e nCI that when coal coni wood vegetable animal matter or any nn other organic Is It subjected to 10 destructive distillation at nt low lo IH In II produced nn an oily 01 the tho analysis of 01 which al ni also also niso so gives given the thit same ame chemical formula nn no n nolie the lie Bradford oils ois of ot Pennsylvania The Tho petroleum found In Canada Tennessee make molt It extremely to for lor their origin upon l any y other hypothesis than that of o tho the pro product product duct chart of or the decomposition of ot animal re remains remains mains TIme Tho ho oil In these theRe regions flits time the cavities of o fossil corals a and nil geodes goodes nil alt 11 of which seem scent flem to be hermetically sealed In lii II the tho rock The lime ho petroleum found In these thesE particular cases s is In Inthe Inthe the time Silurian limestone that was wan proba probably bly 11 deposited In the tho sea nea nt at It tho the time at ot which va vast lt t of or marine anI Ills were vere hurtful burle Prom From these facts It Is fair to pro rn shine mime that liat these oils ois In whatever man manner ner imer they may ma fin have havo been formed are of animal origin In Iii tho ll Pennsylvania nail Ohio fields where occurs In 11 large quantities quai It Is quite Iulo uniformly saturating heavy bahi of ot ll sandstone This oil sand sandIs Is in I usually overlaid with wih n a thick such of It lay clay or ci 01 shale Impervious to lo oil nil 01 or orr orgas gas r these sedimentary beds hold down the gas flU ga antI and oil under great pressure The rite oil In lu this thin iteM Held does loes not nol occur In iii cavitIes l or but hilt Is uniform over ov r ninny fillieS of or territory As All lc far tar an as n lm hia hu b en determined this oil all strata Is U with n a shale more moru I than 1000 feet In III thickness 4 containing great quantities of sea con weed weeds The Th here her contained a veritable sargasso This Thin would seem eem fC m tn to bt bl b o Manet of o n a vegetable I origin In tn th K particular Held There are other facts atte fn ls that hat will dem demonstrate thi and animal the tue theory ory tiry lIrt petroleum has nevi never been found In say any nn of or the Hie or 01 rup TUP lve tivo rocks where we vs e would most inos t nature ully ahl 1111 look leak for It If it the theory hoary advanced by the Trench I German scientists were ero true trUo Neither has It lt been Steen found In Inan any an of o the sedimentary rocks roc that have been Jeen thoroughly metamorphosed by heat Time The large oil all fields lire are usual usually ly Iy near coal measures yet yot rt there nr ate exceptions till the California alifornia field being an tn example While the HIP determination dolf of or oran any an of ef thrill luse theories relating to jj J Je e c origin of o petroleum Is III oT or vory ery ry value alu yot It t It would 1 lie hI of It vory vor Oi great grat fInt value to know whether there are grost tr st laboratories In till the hi where ka 1 action U hI 1 on producing 1 i oils nils tind replenishing the store h 11 i of or or whether this chem chemI ii I il d i i s II hll long ago ngn ceased teed If ir Hi duo it II mal anti and vegetable theory ii h m orr I thi vo 1110 IN must conclude that th t th Mi h b R QI r n n nf rf f un bay Ion Ionin in it t l n i ii d And the tile oil 11 zones ZOMA from we are lire now deriving our aliI ouri i O nr or ut anti and h n ri Iiri tied ale aie as completely pI 0 I Ia t crt a 1 I nut gold ohl mine maine minei i in t iri urn hus hu been produced front from time immemorial In Persia China Japan and these there primitive methods of ot production would furnish interesting subjects for or yet It Is ts in III n it brief article to more than Indicate the lie of lit if production and refining In n the tho great producing fields of ot Canada 1110 no tho lie of ot nn pa oil torr tory lint has n rt system that lies Ims boim b well The 1110 step atoll 81 1 III In n a new oil all ro re Blon Is In limo tho of ot a 1 tnt test will wll lome called a wildcat the tho boring of ot tImeo the o first wells are uro watched wn with lIh In ill tense The Tho first are arc fre tre frequently rt drilled to 0 a n depth of ot 8 00 feet teet oil cit is III found foUM In small littell but hul more commonly tin till first well willi will 1111 bo he 1111 n a duster cluster or If tho lit development ill III bore Jorl holo hue hus p Ic rough nn nit oil nil for formation forra or million mation ra a I or ci IH Is In III I ii oil 01 icu ad time the operator or morta Io orta to what In commonly called tor the welt well From lIvO to gallons of It In III tin till tubes lubes In Is let lot down downto to he this bottom of o the lie well 19 I I V s tIO by b percussion or by icy n 1 I 11 11 b OI l tho f IA Tho 1110 effect of ot thin lila powerful is it id Plot not At qt tho Limo yet th fio in ft f ivy dry well nil will frequently u a gusher iol Tho The life lito of ot n a producing producing ing nil well veil 01 in iti I five Ovo years title this per por period lash iod however hO Is 18 subject to wry very ery great fluctuations Homo Haute wells have been heln pumped out edt III In two years there theme art mill Full producing dulled thi forty fori yarn CRi ago lifO within flight of 01 where his hili lied well sehl In 1868 One nl well will Bel Beldom ei dom drain more than oni Oil oi at two fideL cre ond frequently four or five 10 vein on all less lens I HII than Hiatt ono one hero acre Up to the tho r of till lie Field t Tex reX Texas as RS tho lie greatest t producing wells were In near heft tho ho Caspian oca some collie of ot those th wails produce barrels per ocr p r rIlay day Ilay are large producing In Itt limit but time tho largest at nt the tho lie present hue tire are at itt Deaumont Texas It Is III Raid said that two of these weM have 1110 produced than titan barrels each Ilch eachin eachin in n ono one day Tho Tue distillation or refining refitting of or crude la is a t process com COlO complicated and ani many different machines HH t I 1 I o h l i r TT W c J c YO Nil I 1 Jf J li ii r 4 a aS aj ai aI aI aI S i f I j jl 1 I I I IL f I j j jj j L p y yi i I yI PIEDMONT OIL f WELL ELL 1 Spring Slicing Valley Wyo Wyc 15 13 mils N B E of or Evanston This well Seil U b 1 seated l between OIL OHI anti In ND ABUNDANCE of ot CHEAP FUEL FUl I GOOD DRILLING and only feet from the tIme railroad I i Write for or particular concerning tint tha GRAND now 1101 being offered STOCK 7 1 cents Address II H It n OGDEN UTAH I 11 1 1 I I II t I I P i rT men In lit their In 11 various parts arts of o the lie world 1011 The rime lust first oil cli In n the United by boring was wan In itt In Wayne WalIo county Ky Icy l y A hole halo witS was heretO bored LOI ll for tal salt water vater but It yielded 1 so much oil ott that lint It was abandoned for brine and haM bus continued to produce oil in iii small quantities until tho the present time line lineIn In 1820 another well ns os drilled In lii Cumberland county Ky t 1 This ell was wasn a n large largo producer of oil but Jilt most of ut It was vas ns allowed to run to waste a a small entail was vas bottled up 1111 timid sold sohl III In various parts of ot the world us liS a II liniment under the lie name of o American Oil At nn on early data dato petroleum also uiA collected by tho the Indians In Now New York tato on the time shores of at o lake Inko 1111 0 sold eul ns IIA medicine by tho time name of or Genes coo sloe oil The rhe refining ot at petroleum for lor Illuminating purposed commenced In lit 1851 simultaneously In the tho United limited l States England The Tho limited d sup supply ply III l of ot the crude crud oil In till the Hellish Isles hies prevented tho the manufacture of o oil In itt commercial quantities The supply of ot tIme the Ile crumb crude oil In the Iho lie United kept pace oace with time the demand until the refining of ot petroleum Is ono one of ot tile tie great ot of the nation GEOLOGY OP OF It 11 lies has that lint petroleum occurs In lit all itU of the IIII geological cal cuI formations from the Ihl Silurian up tip to 10 the tho Tertiary While this Is In true rule III In Ina a n way vu yet yc It Is misleading for Cot petrol petroleum cam eum Is not nut found uniformly distributed Il through nil lilt of ot these then for formations or motIons millions hilt butt occurs principally In two ages of or geological history hl tory o are nN tho thu Silurian Tho Time vast Accumulations of ot petroleum In th ii we hemisphere are 1111 found fJ II In time the Devonian rocks locks while In the tho hemisphere It u Is tH found in III the tho Eocene the tue formations Yet Yei there thoro are producing wells veils along the Vati y In 10 the In Pennsylvania anti Now Nw loik lork oik the all oil sands are aro Rr found beneath boncath the coal measures s In the Upper Devon Inn IlIn while In Canada they lucy again tie do send id to tu tho time Devonian Along the eastern foothill foothIlls nf of n the Rocky Hooky mountains time the oil measures m occur In the C oI 11 9 hlll in California it In both bolh tho time awl and ISle ew on From these Ih l lions It II 1 Is III at parent that petroleum Ii not to nn but hUI If Ic found must be tie In I Nome of ot the tho sedimentary formations have not Iw ta n d di l nr 0 i u jf no 10 o but slightly The TIll oil nit In time the th Holds fields of o Pennsylvania Is ts found In iii n a culled called tIme tho third birth oil nil sand This t Is t more inure than miles In ex cx ex tent lent and nud from rain 20 to 10 IK 11 f feet et thick Tho The edge of oil zone Is submerged In tn twit salt water tater Its northern edge Is III higher hl anti filled 1 with can under a n high bight ure This extreme gas gns on O the oil account In n it m for K a I when a borehole taps tapi the lower hart of the tho nil all basin In Colorado Cane Cana da ha Tennessee and some ome other oilier smaller fields the oil all Is I found In Ileo anti In the lice formation In California In tn th sands and the lie oil CHEMICAL The crude are aM usually di dl vided Into Inlo two cl classes s et The first h 1101 a II heavy paraffin base bUll the compounds of o which are exceedingly stable chang chiung lag ing but hill little on exposure to o the at Rt This Thin fir first t ilass IlaM forms the greater part of the olli oil of the second contains little or nr no Sail ROil has ha an asphaltum base bane rapidly on un exposure to th Ih alt aid to 10 tin iii known u ag 1 II o a n pl ec cc The and V Miming mIng I belong to 10 the th h in tj ti t i h i c x f from ruin |