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Show Experts Needed to Set Impartial Budget Figure By BAUKIIAGE Newt Analyst and Commentator. WNU Service, 1616 Eye Street, N. W., Washington, D. C. j WASHINGTON. As the wrangle ; ever the budget, ta::es and national A h t continues. bout the only f"""''ff? comfort I can of- I 'F . fer Mr. Taxpayer of 1947, if he should ask me for it. Is a hearty "better luck next year." And that U no vain hope, either. There if a very good chance that government will cost less next year. Thii will not be due to any widely heralded Baukhage "swing the axe," or so-called "economy "econ-omy drivy" which congress often promises and seldom delivers. If the budget is proportionally smaller next year, it will be because figures prepared by the Bureau of the Budget Bud-get will have been checked by congressional con-gressional fiscal experts who get their jobs on merit and who are obligated obli-gated to no political party. These men now are being selected by a professional personnel expert loaned from the business world. At this writing the house and senate sen-ate are struggling to And a compromise compro-mise cut in the budget. Until they determine the size of the budget, they can't be sure of what they ought to do about taxes or reducing reduc-ing the national debt If It weren't that the budget were compiled by one party and authorised by another, we wouldn't have as much wrangling. wran-gling. New there U nothing wrong with having plenty of debate de-bate en a subject like this, pro-Tided pro-Tided one er both sides are voting vot-ing ea the basis of actual facte which are act forth by disinterested disin-terested authority whom the ubllo will accept. Such an authority au-thority will be provided, we hope, by the stab? of fiscal experts ex-perts next year. Without such experts what happens? hap-pens? The bouse goes en record as to the budget cut it thinks it wants to make. The appropriations committee com-mittee cuts down the various Items, A bill Is submitted again to the house and the fight begin, each congressman con-gressman attempting to restore much of the appropriation (or his pet projects as possible, Log-rolling get under way and the total is raised. The earn thing happens In the senate where an individual senator's demands are accorded even more weight Eventually the ante Is raised little more. And if it doesn't get back up to the President's original $37,500,000,000 estimate (which may have been too high Itself) there will be a supplemental bill passed later which will absorb any extra dollars that are lying around. When Senator Tart was asked by Democratic Senator McMahon (who was attacking the Republican cut) if Taft wanted the senate to pass en the question "without having much Information as to what we re doing," Taft frankly replied: "We caa only make aa Intelligent Intel-ligent guess. We have ae Information Infor-mation before as m to the particular par-ticular Items of the $37,500,000,-M $37,500,000,-M budget, la justification of the figure fixed by the budget (ba-reau) (ba-reau) ... we only knew what la requested." That is the keynote: "We only know what It requested." Why should the opposition party take on faith the administration's figure T We have two parties to check on each other. Taft admits the Republican Re-publican haven't the fact now but he add that In "ordinary" years "we will have staff working during dur-ing the recess" supposedly composed com-posed of these neutral expert who -now are being hired "which can give us more Intelligent Informal' 'than we now have." There' the hope. Music Basig for World Understanding i Few Russians heard the early I state department broadcasts, inaug-! inaug-! ura ted last month, and those who did were critical of the musical selections, se-lections, objecting to "hillbilly" itune like "Turkey in the Straw." I They complained too about Blng Crosby' singing of Stephen Foster 'dittie. This I only one Instance where .music has segued into world new 'since the war. I remember visiting BARBS : "Fancy meeting 50 mink coats In .four minutes," said a surprised j French visitor to New York. Fancy 'paying for them! ! Why can't we get up a US-USSR exchange agreement whereby all ' Russian with bourgeois leanings , eould be traded tor all Americans .with Communist tendencies? . if A." lini in mi i rTH the Opera House In Nuernberg when German musicians were first permitted per-mitted to assemble there. The house had four walls intact and part of the roof, but only part of it. The rest as covered with canvas which kept out most of the falling snow but didn't keep out the cold. No protense was made of heating the auditorium, and the place was freezing cold. Yet It was packed. The program however eould not be completed. This was not due to the fact that the audience walked out they stood or sat with the snow seeping In on them. The musicians' fingers simply sim-ply got too cold to function. Thai was a year ago last November. Today with the cooperation of the American military government, orchestras or-chestras have sprung up in every town in the American zone and a large part of the broadcast programs pro-grams are musical. Reeducating the German In the field of music will be a less Herculean task than It Is In other oth-er fields, for music has always been part of the'home training of the German child not merely something for which the music teacher was alone responsible. I remember a German home I used to visit before World War I in which the short period after the evening meal and the time the youngest went to bed and the eldest went to his other studies was largely a musical hour. The most interested interest-ed and active member of the group was the father, y Here in America we leave too much of the child's musical training to the schools. As the Hungarian composer Zoltan Kodaly, who is visiting vis-iting this country, remarked: "Our ear must be trained to perceive per-ceive the simpler musical phenomena phenom-ena before being able to follow the more complicated forms, and it is obviously the duty of public schools to give this first training to everybody." every-body." Germany of course has another great advantage that America lacks. Goebbels has been removed. America's Amer-ica's musical dictator has not His organization has a standing resolution reso-lution which reads: "The federation urges It local to use their political and economic strength to combat the encroachment of high school bands nd orchestras." The dictator I refer to Is, of course, one Fetrillo of the American Amer-ican Federation of Musicians; the resolution Is from their con-stltutloa con-stltutloa which la conferring authority au-thority en him use phrases like this: "It shall be his duty and prerogative to make decisions In case where In hi opinion an emergency exists; to Issue executive ex-ecutive orders which shall be conclusive and binding upon all members etc." Such a resolution and such absolute abso-lute authority runs directly counter to the advice of Kodaly and to the thinking of anyone interested In the cultural development of America or in democracy Itself for that matter. This 1 one of the many facets of our musical life which touch politic poli-tic as music touches many of the nation' other activities, past and present For example, during the war cynicism was expressed in songs like "Lillie Belle" with its "Jingle, Jangle-Oh, Ain't You Glad You're Single." There were songs created out of a higher emotional level, too, like "God Bless America"; Amer-ica"; "There'll Always Be an Eng. land"; "The White Cliffs of Dover," and what was perhaps an escape-song escape-song from all the sordidness of war, "Oh, What a Beautiful Morning." No, the Russians didn't like the hillbilly American music. And I doubt if the average American could absorb much of the somber and mournful Russian folk dirges although al-though they contain beauty enough to the ear accustomed to hearing them and the mind trained to in, terpret them. That must be remembered in con, sidering all cultural relationships to world peace. We must be informed not only about the world as a whole, but specifically about each other. Mature interpersonal understanding implies a knowledge of each other's environment and also the habits, taste and thinking produced by that environment Music 1 a part of everyone' life; an expression as well as an impression. We cannot live peacefully with each other in our homes or on the (lobe without the establishment of understanding intercommunication. Music, understood, under-stood, will be part of that necessary intercommunication. by Baukhage An Illinois cat added an ailing new shoat to its litter. But she'll never teach it to purr. Despite the long German occupation occupa-tion of their home island, the Jersey cows were never cowed by the Nazis and are still supreme, says the British. Brit-ish. They didn't even suSer fhaxi Goring. (Editor's Note j This is another In the "Stories of the States" series.) By EDWARD EMERINE WNU Features. Old Jim Bridger, at his lonely fort on Green river, talked to the leader of the strange band and ' learned these emigrants were headed for the Great American Desert Des-ert beyond the mountains. He tried to dissuade the leader, a determined sort of man, and pessimistically remarked that he would give a thousand dollars if he ever saw an ear of corn grown in Salt Lake valley. The emigrants moved on, and a hundred years ago, on July 24, 1847, Brlgham Young looked out across a seared and desolate land of sagebrush sage-brush and alkali, and said: "This is the place!" One lone tree clung to life in the entire valley. Heat waves danced and hot breaths of air came up the tanyon. If there were Inward doubts among his followers, none is recorded. record-ed. Obediently the band moved into the desert. Mormon Convert. Brlgham Young was a native of Vermont and of Revolutionary ancestry. an-cestry. He had become a convert to the Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter Day Saints, the Mormon church. When Joseph Smith, the founder, was killed at Nauvoo, 111., Brlgham Young was chosen to take his place. Rocks and hills and desert did not deter him. They were but the materials with which he would build. In this strange land he and other Mormons would be far removed from religions and political differences. Here they would have a land of their own. A dreamer was Brlgham Young, but he was a doer as well. Perhaps hi eyes saw more than the mirages on the desert that day. He might have envisioned the Territory of Des-eret, Des-eret, the beginning of an American epoch, the birth of a vast and productive pro-ductive region. The valleys and mountains that his people were to colonize later were before him, and there was a temple to be built, cities and town to be laid out industries in-dustries to be developed, canals and ditches to be dug, and water to be spread over the thirsty soil. Faith Saves Crops. The Mormon leader likened the group to a swarm of bees beginning new hive. The Beehive became their symbol, and all men were workers. The hardships of crossing the plains and mountains were as nothing compared to conquering the desert. There were discouraging days when hunger stalked. Huge locusts lo-custs came to eat their crops. "Have faith! Have faith! Pray!" And they had faith, and they prayed. Out of the skies swarmed seagulls thousands thou-sands and thousands of them and they devoured the locusts! Brlgham Young stated his wants nd the group's needs, and builders set to work. The famed Mormon tabernacle was built without nails or steel. Monumental Effort. At the ground level of the Salt Lake Mormon temple are huge earth tones, each weighing three tons, nd 50 in number. A mountain of MORMON SHRINE . . . Notable among Salt Lake City'a attractions I the Mormon temple. Last of the Latter Day Saint temples in Utah to be completed, the Salt Lake City edifice was begun In 1853 and not completed until 1893. The temple la built of granite, many of the larger blocks being carted by ox-teams before a railroad waa built In 1873. Seen In silhouette te the left I the famous Mormon tabernacle, noted for its acoustics and organ. Soli Lake and Flats lure Tourists, Industries, Racers There is no need to sink a shaft to find salt in Utah. It is mined on top of the ground where it lies many feet deep on the shores of Great Salt lake and in famous Bonneville salt fiats. Naturally the state is a large producer of both common salt and sodium products. People who go to the beaches of Great Salt Lake find that they float like a cork in the water because of Its saline content, which ranges from vj v y sa -eorJt- 1 -V-sJ7 T ciiA rkVl y-y -"""" JSlL S-5T ti St. Gion granite 20 miles away furnished the material. Huge granite blocks were quarried in a canyon, slung with chains from heavy carts and drawn by oxen to the site. Over 40 years from the time Brigham Young designated des-ignated the temple site, the construction construc-tion was complete, the angel Moroni set in place and 75,000 people took part in the dedicatory services. But Brigham Young had been dead for many years. The climate of Utah ia dry, stimulating and wholesome. The sky Is so clear that no cloud specks It on 300 days a year. Lacking rain, the Mormons pio-: pio-: neered Irrigation in America, bringing water from the mountains moun-tains to Irrigate crops In the desert. Today, Utah's chief crop is sugar beets, but vegetables and fruits are grown in profusion. Other crops are wheat, oats, potatoes, hay, alfalfa, alfal-fa, corn, barley and rye. More than two million sheep, 100,-000 100,-000 dairy cattle and a half million beef cattle are grazed in Utah. Wool production amounts to 20 million pounds annually. Manufacturing in Utah began with the Mormon pioneers, who wove woolen clothing, mined coal, quarried quar-ried rock, canned fruit and vegetables, vegeta-bles, made sugar from beets, installed in-stalled grist mills, slaughtered cattle cat-tle for meat, made butter and cheese, and utilized other raw products prod-ucts at hand. The gTeat copper mines came later, with smelting and refining of ores to follow. Bingham, Magna, Tooele, Garfield and Provo became mill towns. The Geneva steel plant at Provo is the largest in the West, with a mountain of ore close beside it. 22 to 27 per cent. The lake is 4,200 feet above sea level and has no known outlet, except evaporation. It is 80 miles long and from 20 to 32 miles wide. Great Salt Lake has several fine beaches. Because of its salinity no fish live in the lake, but a small brine-shrimp, brine-shrimp, no larger than a man's fingernail, fin-gernail, exists in great numbers in it. West of the lake are the Bonneville Bonne-ville salt flats where thousand of m t- iBi.aT nieir ana Hiv t trr mrn wtmm i i a. If -J&tt V : j ZiJH- ? PROSPECTOR. I faaav,,. tfr'LsfX Capper R I Z O N A I "We cannot eat gold and silver," warned Brigham Young, but many were lured by thosei and other met-i a Is to explore the desert and moun-1 tains. Mineral resources of Utah , are varied, including gold, silver, 1 lead, iron, manganese, gypsum, oil, I coal, copper, salt, zinc and many! others. In southern Utah the climate Is semi-tropical, but in the northern I CHIEF EXECUTIVE . . . Herbert B. Maw, native of Ogden, Is serving his second four-year term as Utah's governor. A lawyer, teacher, ex-serviceman ex-serviceman and legislator, he has been prominent In Latter Day Saints church affairs. and eastern parts there are skiing and winter sports at high altitudes Utah scenery will compare with any In the world. Here are mountains as grand as the Alps, sunsets that rival those of Italy and Greece. Marvelous canyons, mammoth stone bridges, weird rock formations and other master works of nature na-ture sre found throughout the atate. The mountain lakes and streams provide fine fishing and the forests abound in game bear, elk, antelope, grouse, deer, prairie chickens and others. Utah, once a formidable desert now teems with populous cities and thriving villages. Once parched and burned ground has been changed to green fields, gardens and orchards. Paved highways, airline and several sev-eral transcontinental railroads provide pro-vide transportation. , What wonders a hundred years have wrought I This year every city and hamlet In Utah is preparing a celebration. They will celebrate the centennial of the arrival of Mormon pioneers. Less than 75 per cent of the people are now Mormons, but all will join in that celebration regardless of creed. The building of Utah was the opening open-ing of the West. It was an epoch In American history. acre of white salt stretch on either side of the paved highway which crosses the area. The flats are so level that many automobile speed records have been made on them. Ab Jenkins, former mayor of Salt Lake City and famed race driver, prefers the flats to all other courses, claiming claim-ing the salt keeps rubber tires cooler cool-er than a dirt or board track. The flats also are notable for their mirages. THE WASHINGTON SCENE Senate Committee Chairmen Are Experienced Legislators (Editor's Not: This is the third in a series of articles on new congretslona) committees and their chairmen.) By WALTER A. SHEAD WNU Wwhlniton Crru4eiit. WASHINGTON. Experienced legislators are at the helm of senate committees of the 80th congress, a survey disclosing that the committee chairmen have served an average of 11 years in the upper house. Their length of service ranges from four years for Sen. Chapman Revercomb of West Virginia to 28 years for Sen. Arthur Capper of Kansas. In age, the new Republican chair- v men average 61 years, five years old er than senators as a whole. Youngest Young-est of the group is Sen. Styles Bridges of New Hampshire, who is 48, while the oldest is 81-year-old Capper. The list of committees and their chairmen continues: Agriculture ARTHUR CAPPER (Kas.), chairman chair-man of the senate agriculture and forestry committee, is at 81 the oldest old-est man in the senate and ranks second sec-ond only to Kenneth McKellar (Dem., Tenn.) in length of service. He was elected to the senate in 1919, after serving two terms as governor of Kansas. Now dean of the farm bloc. Capper Cap-per has been an important figure in agricultural leg islation for the last 20 years. He voted for the McNary-Haugen McNary-Haugen bill in 1927, the agricultural adjustment ad-justment bill in 1933, soil conservation in 1936, crop insurance insur-ance in 1938. He voted in 1942 to include in-clude : the cost of farm labor in computing com-puting parity prices and for the Russell amendment to the same effect in 1946. Capper was for the Smoot-Hawley Smoot-Hawley tariff in 1930. In 1934 he voted for reciprocal trade agreements agree-ments but by 1940 he was against extending them. He supported creation cre-ation of TVA in 1933 but is against the proposal for a Missouri Valley authority. In a recent speech he announced that the parity price support sup-port program needs revision to pre vent accumulation of unsalable surpluses. sur-pluses. Capper has a wide influence in the grain belt through a number of newspapers and magazines which he supervises from Washington. He entered the publishing field by becoming be-coming a typesetter for the Topeka Daily Capital, which he now owns. His t)ther publications are Capper's Weekly, Kansas Farmer and i Mail and Breeze, Household magazine. Capper's Farmer, Missouri Mis-souri Ruralist, Ohio Farmer, Pennsylvania Penn-sylvania Farmer, Michigan Farmer Farm-er and Kansas City Kansan. He also owns radio station WIBW in Topeka. Public Works CHAPMAN REVERCOMB (W. Va.), still serving his first term, becomes chairman of the public works committee, which will take over the old committees on commerce com-merce and public buildings and grounds and non-personnel functions of post offices and post roads. Revercomb is 51 years old. He was born in Covington, Va., served in the army in World War I, returned re-turned to Coving ton to practice law and moved to Charleston, W. Va.. in 1922. He was a member of the Republican Re-publican state executive ex-ecutive committee from 1932 to 1938 and was president of the Youn Republican Re-publican league of West Virginia from 1934 to 1936. He was 3 Revercomb elected to the senate sen-ate in 1942. He is a former president presi-dent of Charleston Bar association. On public works matters, Revercomb Rever-comb voted against an appropriation appropri-ation to continue the national resources re-sources planning board in 1943, against an appropriation of 75 million mil-lion dollars for a postwar planning fund in 1945, for the full employment employ-ment bill in 1945 and against an amendment the same year to reduce re-duce federal aid for airports from 500 million dollars to 250 million dollars. On most Issues, Revercomb has followed Republican party policy. He voted with the majority of his party on 82 per cent of controversial controver-sial roll calls in the 79th congress. Judiciary ALEXANDER WILEY (Wis), chairman of the judiciary committee, commit-tee, is a regular Republican who voted with his party 85 per cent of the time in the 79th congress. In the second session he was absent for only 10 per cent of roll call votes. 'Building Dee Solves Housing Shortage HOLDREGE, NEB.-Harking back to the pioneer days, Holdrege is reviving the old-fashioned "building "build-ing bee" in an attempt to solve its current housing problems. Early settlers in the plains country coun-try always "pitched in" to help their neighbors build a home, D. C. Lef-Her, Lef-Her, assistant manager of a local bottling works, recalled in suggesting suggest-ing the cooperative plan. The idea was accorded a hearty One of the first problems before the judiciary committee under Wiley will be advisability of repealing emergency emer-gency war powers not affected by the President's proclamation proc-lamation of the end of hostilities. In a report to the Republican Re-publican conference, confer-ence, Wiley stated that, in view of the "continued national nation-al emergency," the "varied and com Mil Wiley plex nature" of the wartime controls and the "chaotic effects" of immediate termination oi controls, the problem should be studied stud-ied by the senate committees concerned con-cerned with the various types oi controls before the judiciary committee com-mittee draws up overall recommendations. recom-mendations. Wiley, born in 1884 in the town oi Chippewa Falls, where he still lives, is a lawyer. He also owns and operates oper-ates a farm and has been a director direc-tor of a local bank. His only public pub-lic office before his election to the senate in 1938 was that of district attorney for Chippewa county, which he held from 1909 to 1915. The judiciary committee deals with courts and judges, anti-trust problems, bankruptcy laws, patents, immigration, civil liberties and constitutional con-stitutional amendments. Interstate and Foreign Commerce WALLACE H. WHITE JR. (Me.), new chairman of the interstate and foreign commerce committee, is one of the few Republicans who have had previous experience as a congressional con-gressional committee chairman. White was chairman of the house committee on merchant marine and fisheries from 1927 to 1931. In addition addi-tion to transportation and general bills affecting commerce. White's committee handles radio and communications, com-munications, civil aeronautics and merchant marine bills. White was also minority leader of senate Republicans in the 79th congress con-gress and now be comes majority leader in addition to commerce committee com-mittee chairman. He was strenuously strenuous-ly opposed for the committee job by Clyde M. Reed, (Rep., Kas.) who was represented as having the support of the railroads White wmie wnite was backed by the radio industry. White is 69 years old and has been in congress continuously since 1916, when he was elected to the house. He went to the senate in 1930, and is the third ranking Republican Republi-can senator in seniority. Before entering en-tering congress, White practiced law in Washington and Maine and was a senatorial secretary. Labor and Public Welfare ROBERT A. TAFT (Ohio), new chairman of the labor and public welfare committee, has endorsed changes in labor laws to enable "employer and employee to meet on a fairly equal basis." Specifically, Specific-ally, he will seek enactment of legislation legis-lation to hold unions responsible for contract viola tions, to require union financial reports, re-ports, to establish mediation machinery machin-ery outside the labor department to outlaw out-law secondary boycotts, boy-cotts, and to exempt ex-empt foremen from the Wagner labor relations act. Most of these provisions were in the vetoed Taft Case bill last spring. Taft, a 57-year-old lawyer, is the son of former Pres. William Howard Taft. He served in the Ohio house of representatives from 1921 to 1926 and in the state senate in 1931 and 1932. He was elected to the United States senate in 1936. The labor and public welfare committee com-mittee will handle, bills on education, educa-tion, healthVeterans hospitals and medical rare, in addition to the sub- jectsJevTrel bj its name. response. The local newspapei printed coupons one for persons willing to build under such a plan and another for persons willing to donate evening labor. Contractors volunteered to work in a supervisory capacity several evenings each week. Building men gave assurance that work can be done at night Desperate home-seekers are envisaging en-visaging an end to their long quest tor quarters. K e I Fortunes Are Fun; ! Learn to Tell 'Em QGOO 9ARTY u ET me tell your fortune" is an - irresistible invitation. Whip out your trusty deck at the next party and watch the guests rally 'round ! . You can choose from among nine fascinating fasci-nating card-reading methods so your readings read-ings need never be stereotyped. As further fur-ther proof ot your versatility, keep the crowd amused with other fortune-telling tricks. Our Weekly Newspaper Service booklet teaches you to tell fortunes by cards, stars, tea leaves, crystal ball, dominoes and dice. Send 25c (coin) for "Let Ma Tell Your Fortune" to Weekly Newspaper Service, 243 W. 11th St., New York 11, N.Y. Print name, address, booklet title. Frisco-Oakland Bridge Employs Staff of 261 The San Francisco-Oakland Bay bridge has 264 employees, this large number being required as the span, owing to its eight-mile length and heavy traffic, maintains its own police force and fire department. depart-ment. The staff also includes 29 mechanics me-chanics whose sole duty is to service serv-ice disabled cars, which average 4$ a day. WHEN CONSTIPATION makes you feet punk as the dickens, brings on stomach upset, sour taste, gaisy discomfort take Dr. Caldwell's famous medicine to quickly pull the trigger on lazy "innards" "in-nards" and help you feel bright and chipper again. DR. CALDWEU'S is the wonderful senna sen-na laxative contained in good old Syrup-Pepsin Syrup-Pepsin to make it so easy to take. MANY DOCTORS use pepsin prep0- 1 tions in prescriptions to make the b0'M uuo uoro paiaiaoio ana agreeaul nae. so oe sure jour laxative I tained in Syrup Pepsin. INSIST ON OR. CALDWEU'S tta favorite fa-vorite of millions for 50 veais, and feel that wholesome relief from constipation. constipa-tion. Eves finicky children love it CAUTION t Use only is directed. DR. CALDWELL'S SEMA LAXATIVE Beware Coughs from common colds That Hang On Creomulsion relieves promptly because be-cause it goes right to the seat of tbe-trouble tbe-trouble to help loosen and expel germ laden phlegm, and aid nature to soothe and heal raw, tender, Inflamed In-flamed bronchial mucous membranes. mem-branes. Ten your druggist to sell you. a bottle of Creomulsion with the understanding un-derstanding you must like the way It cuickly allays the cough or you are to have your money back. 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