Show Geographers T Tell Tel eli How Map of Europe Was Changed in 1815 AdhesionS Adhesion of Gre Great t Britain to France Previously Her Enemy Against Russia Previously Her Ally Is Recalled With Changes in National National National Na Na- Boundaries I WASHINGTON April 4 j hIl While tho the 1 springs spring's campaign n in Europe's great j i war Is la opening S says ys a statement i lg- lg i Bu sued d b by the National Geographic society and onu the question Is pending whether I the tho coming coining summer will end hostilities as tho those c of Napoleonic wars were ended end end- I ed ad In the tile year ear of or which this Is th the centennial centennial cen cen- tennial It Is Interesting to go JO hack a hundred years c for a glimpse of the process proc Proc- ess by which the map of the continent was remade at that time lime In March 1814 14 Great Britain Austria Austria Aus Aus- tria Russia Hussla and anti Prussia entered into a treaty neat binding them to stand to together ether I until peace was as concluded A little less than three months later France with Napoleon I beaten heaten entered into a 1 secret agreement with these theM powers giving them the disposition of or all countries I which the little corporals corporal's fall had hind liberated liberated lib lib- crated from French control The allies Rilles decided to hold a Congress congress con con- I gress ess at Vienna ienna for or the distribution o of the spoils of or the Ue war As soon as they met there Great Britain Austria Russia Russia Russin Rus Rus- sia sin and lrus Prussia la decided that they would first settle ettle all controversies contro themselves and then call can In France and md Spain to ratify what they had done France Franc WR was sas represented b by Talleyrand and he Iso de declared ue- ue dared that France would never ne give Its Hs assent to such a a. course cour e of or Seden S and Portugal wore ware finally added as members of the congress contress and ancl It was not long until bones hOlles of contention were thrown n into the tho arena of debate upon which the four our allies could reach no agreement among themselves One of or these was AS the question of the disposition tion of Saxony and Poland Russia In Insisted Insl insisted In- In sl ted that she should ha have hae e the whole hole o of Poland as the price pf pC her contribution tion to the war England through her le lending leading e Lord Castlereagh Castle Castle- tle- tle reagh firm firmly I opposed tho the pretensions of Alexander The diplomatic war continued for a number of or months with England standIng standing stand stand- In ing by France her late enemy n against Russia HusHla her recent all ally aily Finally with nUi Russia da showing no signs of yielding France l Austria anti and Great Greal Britain en entered oh- oh into a s secret treat treaty of or defence the thc purpose of which was to force foce Russia to probably would thus tr t The allies have fou fought ht among themselves 1 at ot that thaI time Just as the allies did dill after the Balkan war of a few years ears a ago o had hal not on reappeared on the scene of or action as their common enem enemy a again The outcome of or the In Its the congress resulted in Austria and Prussia retaining most of their Polish dominions domin ions with the thc remainder going to Rus- Rus sit siu under an agreement that It should ruled h by the be a separate kingdom czar of or Russia according to its own constitution Switzerland received n l fon constitution Italy Hab retained Lombardy and and Holland Hollund kept Belgium Bel Bel- glum gium Luxemburg and Limburg Sweden Sweden Sweden Swe Swe- den J losing Finland to nU Russia gained Norway as compensation atlon r male mal a proposal al that the slave trade tr of or Europe should be abol abolished which resulted In a declaration of abolition leaving each country free freeto freeto freeto to fix Its Us own date of ot abolition It was the purpose of the English representatives to get rt a solemn ol mn guarantee guar Juar- ante antee from tho the members of the congress con con- gross gress to make collective war on any nation that th might undertake to disturb th the agreement of or partition This scheme partook something of the nature of or an International court such as is toda today recommended by hy many peace advocates But hut th the the- return of or Napoleon apoleon forced the adjournment of or the congress almost be before before before be- be fore It had parceled out the territory at Issue Issup and wholly holly before It could take up UI and ani adjust those matters which might have the more snore full fully made for permanent t peace |