Show l I lt t c IE PROF GOODWIN o m I TALKS ON BIRDS mc CONTINUES ON WESTERN SINGERS rt Reported by J H Paul Director of Nature Study at the State Normal i i fi I t fit t H 4 4 H 4 M M M M 4 H 4 J t In Presenting this study for tor the f t pUblic schools I suggest that special i 1 observations be made of ot the song of at 4 the tho birds according to the follow following f t t ing outline presented In another smother lec lee lecT 4 T lure ture but especially available here 4 ri J II p pl Pf f l f 3 1 Manner and time of ot singing t a From a perch percI Song Sparrow 4 T 4 Robin etc t 4 b In the air Bobolink Lark ll 4 Bunting J 4 f In the night Sage Thrasher fe i tc Cuckoo 4 9 In the th morning 2 Character of ot the song sons 4 a Rolling Roiling strong and full Mead 4 V oW r rt t ib vb Happy the thc clinking note fairly out Bobolink and Lark Bunting t 4 e lc c Plaintive l note some somo of the theT 4 T smaller flycatchers flycatcher 4 I f 4 o j Long and frequent Catbird 4 4 Chat Chato 4 1 o t Short f Bluebird Chickadee 4 f 3 t 3 Call notes 4 4 4 4 4 t 4 4 1 Without Th paying any attention to the order In which they tha may come comeI o I we shall shan take up one other IUler single bird birdI I but will not dwell upon It at great oth Afterward we shall consider several groups SToups within the group we weare wear are Iff ar considering and ana note some of or the fats fads in ill 11 connection with them all aH giving giving ing sog a little more time to the most in int t opting birds The Grosbeak Tho rhe eastern astern representative of this bird is the more beautiful el ed grosbeak which is I common In lo 10 localities from the Atlantic west Into Kansas But while whilo hlo the eastern cast rn bird rivals the western In beauty of ot feath feathers ers er r our sturdy bird morn more than thun matches it 1 in beauty of M ng And about this tills song there are many divergent opinions not so SQ much mucha n a to the fact fuet of ts sweetness and beauty as to its chief chie characteristics its place In comparison with the of other songsters song Dr In one on place refers to it as being a brilliant and enthusiastic vocalist its song resembling that of the rose breasted grosbeak and having much similarity to the Baltimore oriole And nd again he finds its song superb superbA A powerful melodious succession of Icar rich rolling notes Ridgway finds himself unable to discover any difference in ia its is notes or habits from Its Is relative Baily Baly characterizes characterises it i as One of the most aried aird ard exquisitely finished and am musical of bird songs It I has a swing swinging swinging ing ryth and clearness characteristic char sUe of cf f grosbeak songs but is smooth and rounded and its is highest notes are dwelt on and ind nd trolled d over with wih rare iare tenderness repeated not as m the thrashers notes are repeated but wih the enjoyment of o an nn artist artst con consciously Con perfecting his work Only O I two to observers and anti students so far as asI asI asI I know have been impressed by that characteristic quality of this song startled me one May Maym Ia m and sent me me over the fences and aid across lots to find a new and un Unusual usual robin To mo me me the song sang has al at always ways ays possessed s an Invigorating robin like quality and melody rich and pure and nd Arrive in April Apri Those birds come in April Apri ordinarily Ij ly and at once they will wi notify you of tHir arrival by sonic some of their wonder wonderful ful fl which you ou like enough ill i attribute to robin redbreast but butu ou u soon won conclude if you pay at tt that no robin is responsible fur for such music it simply Imply is beyond the robin If I there are Poplars or other othe trees about your yard arll this grosbeak fill tIlI ti come to them and again aRain to serenade you and andI if I kindly by b received he wilt will wi surely s rely build byNest Nest of the Grosbeak The Thc nest of this grosbeak is a loose loosely Iv ly constructed affair reminding g one of the immature efforts of tin tho tanagers and cuckoos It I is gen generally rally raly placed about twenty feat feet above tho ground not more than that and anda a n favorite nestling place is in the wll wil wl will l Ws 5 or other shrubbery that lines the lauks of ditches and small smal streams The Tir nest mst Is flimsily built buit on a a base of or weed stalks and lined with grass and rootlets In this nest the lays la s from three to four eggs egg with wih spots and 1 of if reddish and brown upon 1 These Theae The fade to a pale bluish hit after being blown The Tim gros gras 1 luak bak ak parents share alike alte in Jn the work cf t the male malo bird occupying the thc nest n t when the female goes gOS for I f fod iod A Useful Bird These The t birds have sometimes been charged with various misdeeds be tUI iaus on occasions lons they have helped themselves to fruit or vegetables bles In Inome some ome parts of our nur nUl state stati they the are as a the pea pen bird because of their fondness for peas peas Only once have I discovered them In a pea patch and ird that was during the past summer at Marysvale and an there the temptation temptatIon tion flen was great At some home fome distance un up die little stream one of the fhe feeders n 01 or the Sevier river and In the midst of timber and underbrush I found a asmal small smal garden grden about two by three rods In Jn extent I had heard a grosbeak singing near nral there a lIttle HUle before and sn se Sf I lay la down anti and am watched Present Presently ly Iv the fhe songster of a few moments be before before before fore turned into Int a n pea pea gatherer and he went at the work as ag though he heral really ral enjoyed It n But the damage done in this direction is infinitesimal in comparison with tho the vast amount of fr good be lie docs does in the tho destruction of I Injurious Insects I have shot one on of 1 these bir s as he was getting a dinner on newly sown sOn oats which had been canted and harrowed in The harrow did not covAr COAr all al of ot the thE grain and ard this tho the bird bin was gathering Sometimes so SQ j It is said sid they will vill m steal stel a few cherries ch re but for the most part their food places them thEm among the tho most roost useful or birds It I includes potato beetles beotIes black blac olive other scales potto caterpillars of various kinds as well weli wel as the pupae ppe of that wealth destroying a Insect J the th e codling moth But a single bird Is taken from the next family faily that that comes into our main group roup The family Is that of the wood warblers anti and the bird which Is Ig quite worthy of standing alone In this tills connection is the tho chat This is one of the exceedingly inter Interesting lUng esting Uns birds birda of which our state fur furnishes furnishes furnishes so many may He seems to pervade the orchard the road side the hedge along tle alon tho the ditch and the fringe of shrubbery which lines the stream but verv very fortunate Indeed will wi you be bo if I you do more than to catch a n Heeling fleeting glimpse of o his grayish coat cot and bril brilliant bri brilliant yellow yono vest cst He FIe has ha a most tan tantalizing lant way of keeping himself Just behind the tree trunk or on the far farther farther farther ther side clde of the clump of bushes wIl all an the time he pours out his medley te of ot song sang and mocks your impotence He lie Is a a consummate mimic and while he teases you and Just does d es not ot permit you ou to see him he lie will wi Imitate every creature in the country round about every bird as well wel as the cat and other creatures and he ho delights delg ts in whistling to the tho dog og and keeping It lt up till ti he really realy troubles the dog As a a lover he indulges in peculiar antics which have havo been well wel described by a abird abird abird bird student Aloft Alof In the sunny air all he springs To his timid mate he calls c ls With dangling legs less and fluttering wings wingsOn On the tangled falls taIs He mutters muter he shrieks A hopeless cry cr s You think that he seeks In peace to die But pity him not tin Us the ghostly chat chatAn chatAn chatAn An Imp If there is one be sure mr of that These Thee birds rarely if i ever make use of the top of a tree or bush from which to sing they remain a a little below and slip blIp lp about unseen and with without wih without out so much as the rustle ruste of a leaf The nest is built bui in briery thickets of dry leaves leves and grapevine bark barlt and lined with wih fine grasses The eggs num nunu number number ber her from three to five white or pink pinkish pinkIsh brown ish spotted with wih gray gry and shades of The Water Ouzel Another family from which but one is selected in fact it i is a a family with but a single genus and species Is the dipper family which gives Ilves us that quaint combination of impossible Imposible qualities qua the water ouzel This Is a bird that is peculiar to the west and is confined to the mountain streams which come rolling and tum turn tumbling bling bUn down our mountains and can canyons canyon canyons yon The dipper is indeed a peculiar bird birdI It I has the alertness of the wrens wrens the teetering of the sandpiper the ease of the grebe gebo in and under the water and the tho song of a thrush It I swims and andes flies files es under water yet its Is feet are arc neither lobed nor webbed practically all al of Its Is food it taken from the water The dipper does not trouble to mi ml migrate grate so long Ion as the stream flows that thatis is all aU he asks aks This one was taken in inthe Inthe inthe the middle of January when the weather was bitterly cold They have been known to go to ponds and to the deeper places of they the dive fifteen to twenty feet feed for a short time come core to the surface sing dive feed and ant sing An anomaly indeed is this bird but one that Is most Inter Interesting interesting esting and one with wih which every ever teacher and haunter of the open should have an acquaintance His Hissong Hissong HIssong song is clear ringing beUlke and would do credit to a thrush The nest is built bui as near the water as possible sometimes within a cleft cef of the rocks roces again on the edge of a ledge it is constructed of moss is bulky bulcy with wih an opening at the side Eggs three to fives five white The Catbird Another family that clearly cearly is well velI n l within the bounds of our subject is that in which the catbird wrens wren threshers thresher etc are placed Of these the first to be taken up Is the catbird This as some some one has said is one of our most familiar birds and it should rank In our affections with wih the robin and the bluebird But this bird holds no such place in our For some reason partly p because catbirds catbird will wi steal cherries and raspberries and partly part because of dislike of his mew mewing mewIng ing lug notes the catbird is the object of a really rean unjustified prejudice To Tobe Tobe Tobe be sure it has a slipping movement gliding about from place to place as though bent on errands of which it has reason to be bo ashamed but this is not really real so and for its Is habits habis It I is no more responsible than we are for forthe forthe forthe the color of our hair These birds are areto areto areto to be found widely b distributed over the country countr and amI In our state and no orchard or garden grden or clump of brush along the stream Is quite as a it should be if it does not harbor a pair of cat catbirds catbirds catbirds birds The song of tho the catbird is original In style though it i is frequently frequent inter interrupted interrupted by b imitations thrown In as if they Ule were asides aside He is ordinarily lavish with his musical selections which are arc both vigorous and pleasing This bird builds Its It nest in thickets and orchards orchard and clumps of brush or shrubbery The nest Is made of root rootlets rootlets rootlets lets From three to five fe plain plan deep eggs are laid Its Is food consists in addition additon to wild wid berries and some cultivated fruits of ants beetles caterpillars grasshoppers The Sage Thrasher Thrasher Another sweet singer a member of oC this family is the sage thrasher If I in the course coume of ot walks afield afeld with wih the the children the teacher should go toward the foot of the mountains or out on the sagebrush reaches which stretch away awa to valleys and hills his beyond she chic is almost sure to meet with wih this bird To some of the people of ot Utah It Is known as the gray SY bird If It I you do donot donot donot not succeed in coming close cloe to the singer you ou will wi know from the sweet sweetness sweetness sweetness ness of the song the bird was for formerly formerly formerly merly known as the mountain mock mocker er crand erand and the carrying carr power of his voice that one of the finest singers which brighten vast areas of our state with wih their song is before you rou The general generl effect of the colors of the bird birdas birdas birdas as one of its ls common names indicate is grayish the corners corer of the tall tail tai feathers snow white as he lie flies fes from you ou Often Oten Ofen these birds will wi sing well voll wellon wel vollon on 01 into the th evening and even by b moonlight The nest n st is usually 1 placed In sagebrush built buit of plant stems dry df sage a e and strips of bark and Is lined with finer rootlets The eggs number from three thre to five and are of a rich spotted with wih a rich rih deep brown Clan of the Wrens Herft Iero lerE also belongs the entire entre clan of wrens Of these busy bus active little fellows some seine find their homes among mon the rocks some live 10 In Iii the tho te can canyons canons yolis ons and others rear their broods In Inthe Inthe inthe the marshes marshe where tho the solemn cat eat cattails tails tais stand In the water i and md only by boat or wing can the domicile of these busy little midgets be reached reache Wherever you find a wren I there you ou have hae music In all ni the free fr wild abandon of the great great doors lOOiS coor Sometimes they seem to want to sing o rapidly that the notes roll roU rolland rolland i and aad tumble out all al the while the tho little musician Is keeping up a ceaseless I chatter chater Two years ears ago we found the marsh wren nesting In numbers In the and nd rushes rhes along Bear river In July When en we would wade out to a patch of cattails or rushes we were I sure to be rewarded re by b finding from I Ione one to a dozen nests The birds fasten together several stalks and build their nests nest in the crotch thus formed The nest was always alwa bulky built bui of or leaves of the tho th rushes mosses Ind and finer mate material material material rial and ant usually with wih a a doorway that would be so EO placed that one would wo ld have he to play pla to find It It il When en we approached the nests nest the te I birds sang at us and anti around us In a perfect ecstacy of song song Thrushes and Bluebirds I can take only a moment to refer to the family which stands at the head of bird musicians lans and of our bird life Here belong the familiar robin and the mountain m bluebird both of which may be studied right at home The robin I assume you ou know and the bluebird though not so large or self sel assertive as the robin Is hardly hard less common I find bluebirds everywhere I throughout the state and as a nest nesting nestI ing in site In our city these thee birds take 1 possession p of the mail mal boxes placed on the gate post to receive the newspaper per Last spring I photographed one of or these birds while she sat upon such sucha a nest AH All Al I had to do was quietly to lift the hinged top of the mail mal box and the mother bird sat for tor a n moment before leaving the nest This species as I remarked earlier e ler in |