Show M I 1 ah 4 V TO V V v 7 cap jeff J 1 aws Y va Y M C 7 P 1111 7 F by 4 x by ELMO SCOTT WATSON cloteil ClO BER BEIl 27 of each eacle year Is widely celebrated in this country as navy day on that date the navy holds open house and invites the public to visit its ships and stations navy day was first celebrated in 1022 1922 under the sponsorship of the navy league of the united states since that time other oilier patriotic organizations have joined in the celebrations eions 9 and with tile the cooperation of the united states navy department the part that the sea service has played in our history and its present peacetime peace time work are recalled each year there ts ti a dual reason tor for celebrating navy day on october at it Is the anniversary of an important event in the i early history of the navy and it Is the birthday of a man much of whose life was devoted to advancing a sound naval policy for the united states theodore roosevelt the part which roosevelt played ed in building up our sea power Is but little known to ninny many americans compared to other more spectacular parts of his career but it was his work as assistant secretary of the navy under president mckinley which so raised the of our navy as to enable it to aln win astounding victories in the span ish american war and to raise the united states to 0 a position among the g great eat powers of the world almost overnight ills his contribution to building up our naval strength begun then continued during the time lit ire was president and to the day of his als death he be was an earnest and influential advocate of maintaining a navy commensurate with our needs the significance of october 27 in our naval history Is tills this on october 13 1775 the continental congress meeting in philadelphia appointed a marine committee and on october 27 tills this committee reported a resolution outlining a n program of ships to bo be purchased and converted into men of war on october 29 20 congress authorized the purchase of two ships and in the course of the next ten days dais appropriated for a number of additional ships so any one of those three dates may be considered the birthday of the united states navy but by common consent october 27 has been selected for that honor since it marked the first definite official step towards the establishment of a sea force fro from 1 13 this modest beginning tho the united states navy in years sears has grown to be one of the great institutions of the united states with a total strength of more than officers ofil cers and wore more than enlisted men and the leading naval power of the world in number of ships and connace ton nace Aej although that leadership will be shared with great britain once the mistress of t the to seas under elms of the naval treaty ma made e in london in jamime of this year tile the history of our dixy lixy avy in nil all of our wars from the revolution down t f the world war has been one of almost anvary ag victory and success outstanding in that history are these ten records 1 the united states navy has had only four fleet actions and in each one has captured or destroyed every enemy ship 2 no united states naval ship has ever been in the hands of while e in other navies whole squadrons and fleets have been in the hands band of mutineers muti 3 the united states navy Is the only navy in the world that owns a royal roal standard by capture taken at york sorts canada by commodore chauncey Chau neey 4 the united states navy holds the record tor for the capture of seventeen british ensigns in one day at the battle of lake champlain tills this beats the capture of sixteen by the french at the battle of la 6 15 in the war of the united states navy captured or destroyed every ship put in the great lakes by great britain 0 there has never been a mutiny of any sort in aba marine madlne corps hence its motto semper ri Vi dells 7 the constitution took during the war of 1812 1100 prisoners the united states navy did not lose during the entire war 1100 officers sailors and marine prisoners S the united states stales navy possesses in the frigate constitution the greatest roan man of war that ali at ever salted sailed the sea she did five unprecedented things thing a she knocked down the stone forts of tripoli b she escaped from admiral brokes aluad ron of seven ships after a four days chase without losing a gun a boat or an anchor V i t h LUIS A qa IN V n v 11 A va 3 Z A amz M m 0 raa c she defeated the guerriere a crack british frigate in seventeen minutes after firing bring the first broadside wrecking the guerriere Guerr lere which lost men d she shot every spar out of the frigate java in a running tight fight without taking in her royals that Is to say she licked her enemy without taking oft off her coat e she Slie captured the cyane and levant at the same time without being raked once while every broadside she fired was a raking broadside in addition she ran tire the blockade of british ships saven times she never neer lost lier her commanding officer she bhe never went aground and the largest number of non mon site she ever eer lost la in a tight fight was eight slie she was in commission more than eighty years 0 9 the chest measurement of recruits in the united states navy davy Is the largest ot of any navy lu in the world 10 the mortality tables show that the united states navy sailor Is the healthiest wan man of any navy in the world and till the hardest man to kill of any navy in the world the first purpose of the navy Is of cf course in time of war to safeguard our country front from aggression by sea to protect our commerce and of course to defeat the enemy and bring about a successful cessation of the war the task assigned to the navy Is a great one cue in addition to our own tremendous tiemen dous coast line studded with large cities and important harbors there are our outlying territories and possessions from the virgin islands a thousand miles to the southeast of continental united states to the philippines lying seven thousand miles across the pacific including alaska hawaii and samoa and perhaps most important of all the canal zone in panama to all of which we have extended the protection of the american flag tile the were mere task of protecting thil tha mer merchant cliant shipping necessary to the united states is a colossal one tle trade lanes of merchant ships bringing goods to america and taking american products a broad abroad form a network that covers the whole globe and in times of peace as in time of war the navy protects this great commerce the navy has been called our first line of defense because it operates under the sa sea on oil the surface and in the air over the water cut but a lindof line of defense which takes precedence even over the navy Is diplomacy since negotiations conducted over the diplomatic table often are of the greatest importance to the tha notion nation anti anil can affect the progress and prosperity of a people as much as can a war in carrying on diplomatic negotiations it la Is of the utmost importance that our views on international quest ivris be heard and considered and treated with tc the existence of an adequate navy iun unquestionably strengthens the hands handa of our diplomats in addition to the great peacetime activities of the bavy in supporting our diplomacy and inser ing fair treatment fu i pur par foreign tre there ai innumerable activities which return to the amerl american people the money that Is annually expend expended eI on the navy our navy yards are great industrial plants plant a ani and in ench each a testing laboratory Is necessary for or investigations and research on the multitudinous materials entering into the construction ot of the naval establishment and the fleet under such materials of engineering may be mentioned cement stone brick tile ferrous nod nonferrous non ferrous metals bituminous materials paints and oils rubber mechanical and electrical specialties etc in the purchase of large quantities of materials and supplies it la Is of vital importance from the standpoints of service and economy to obtain the best possible and the navy hits has been a prime mover in the preparation and promulgation of 0 cl specifications for such requirements there exist hundreds of such buch specifications covering articles this standardization lias has been of inestimable value to private industries dus dub tries as tile lie navys standard requirements which tire are known to be high are being used by many such enterprises the le office of tile the navy makes many valuable contributions to charting the seas in many quarters of the world it aids the coast guard service jn Jn reporting icebergs and destroying derelicts and other menaces to navigation the clocks of the country are set bet by the naval observatory time the navy has been foremost in c exploration beginning with the early voyages of wilkes in abe PacI pacific reaching a high point in the discovery of the north pole hy by robert kobert B E peary a naval officer and culminating in the exploits of admiral richard B E byrd in both the Aret leand antarctic regions and in addition to the valuable data secured as the result idt of ills his elpi explorations or tilts tills naval officer has the distinction of being the first man to fly over oth both the north and south poles the navy Is among the foremost in aviation it Is pro progressive gres sIve in the development of both airplane and lighter than air craft for four years a 0 navy plane and anady a navy pilot held the worlds airplane speed record miles 7 an hour hoar made by bj A J williams on tiny may 8 1029 bluet apollo of the navy made a worlds record record for altitude flight in any class of airplanes when he rose to a height of feet the previous 1 high mark had been held by an navy aviator aflato r 1 alsa C 0 O C champion with a mark of feet acet plade made in july 1027 on july 4 12 lieutenant broke the altitude record for seaplanes sea planes planed by ascending to feet thus breaking the record of feet made by lieutenant champion on july 4 1027 the navy holds numerous worlds records for lifting and endurance of seat sea planes it has hai developed and perfected the airplane casapu catapult t and in many other ways has helped the united states maintain supremacy in the air na as well as on the water LZ lis by vv ata estern newspaper union |