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Show Youth Cornerstone of f C Germans' War Machine M Taken in Tow at Six, Children Schooled in ' Nazi Ideology; Grooved Into Places KW In Totalitarian Society. lTiJ By BAUKHAGE News-Analyst and Commentator WNU Service, Union Trust Building, Washington, D. C. (This Is the second of two articles by Mr. Baukhage on where Germany Ger-many continues to get Its fighting manpower.) ' The husky and determined young Germans pictured on this page are a symbol of the force that made Von Rundstedt's counteroffensive on the western front possible made it possible for the German armies, supposedly smashed to pieces in France, to "come back" from their stand at Arnhem and on the Cologne plain. These boys represent two things: first, preliminary military training, and second, the control of the Nazi party over the German people. "As the twig is bent the tree's inclined." There are probably seven million "twigs" in Germany today. In a previous column I discussed the various Nazi semi-military and military organizations outside the German army itself. Particularly, the great "SA" or brown shirt organization or-ganization which, after its purge, became be-came the implement for indoctrination indoctrina-tion and preparation for military training of the German people. - I also discussed in some detail the "SS" or Elite Guard, now the most common. Her whole time Is given to the Nazi activities. But I have my boy again. They worked him so hard in the youth camp that he came down with tuberculosis and Hitler doesn't want him. I shall have him to nurse at home." Poor woman, I am afraid that by thii time, if he can walk and carry a gun, he is at least a member mem-ber of the Volkssturm, the "home army." Military Training Begins at 14 The tiny tots join the youth organization or-ganization at six. But not until they are 13 or 14 does the real "prep" military training begin for the boys and the serious work for the girls in their separate camps. By this time they have already been indoctrinated indoc-trinated with blind devotion for the "fuehrer," the belief in German superiority su-periority and abject loyalty to the Nazi state. Aside from training in sports which are believed to condition a . boy for military hardships and actual actu-al drill with weapons, the "leadership "leader-ship principle" is stressed and promising youths are sent to special schools (Ordensburg). When the Hitler youth completes his training he is fully prepared for whatever Nazi group into which he fits best. He may, in due course, become a member of the esoteric SS the force which under Himmler rules every phase of life in the Reich today. He will probably find some role in the great SA organization. In any case, he will become a member mem-ber of some special group, perhaps more than one, which will prepare him to serve or provide a place for his service in his destined role as a cog in the machinery of total war. Normally, when his Hitler Youth period is ended, the next step, unless un-less the boy is physically disqualified, disquali-fied, or is chosen for special duties, Is the Labor Service, which is like the American CCC insofar as it is concerned primarily with such work as construction and forestry. But the military training continues. As in the Hitler youth organization, the young Nazi is drilled, disciplined, housed, fed and clothed like a soldier. sol-dier. When this duty is completed, he probably finds himself immediately In the army. But in peacetime, or if he is specially qualified, there are a score or more organizations which will take care of him right up to old age, such for instance as the Veterans Vet-erans organization in which military ideas are kept alive. One important group is the Labor Front which was created as a check on unionism. There is the huge Todt organization, a kind of land Seabee outfit which was created from groups of highway builders in order to complete the Westwall. Now it is a vital part of the army. There is the huge People's Welfare Wel-fare agency which collects charities; three large civilian auxiliary air groups; the Nazi Transportation Corps, and many more, not to mention men-tion the host of services under National Na-tional Socialist Womanhood. It must be remembered that all of these organizations stoutly maintain two functions: first, indoctrination in the Nazi philosophy, or if the per-1 son is too old or too stubborn to bow to these perverted ideas, so to enchain en-chain him in discipline as to achieve the same result. The second function func-tion of the Nazi organizations is to prepare German man and woman power for the nearest thing to a total to-tal war effort achieved in history. The effectiveness of this system of militarizing a nation undoubtedly was underestimated by the Allies. The facts concerning it were available. avail-able. For example, an excellent compendium of the Nazi groups was published by the Infantry Journal in Washington called "Hitler's Second Sec-ond Army," for distribution to and study by the American armed forces. But H was simply impossible impos-sible for the normal individual to grasp the degree to which the Nazis had perfected their plans and had, by indoctrination from childhood, actually turned human beings into efficient machines. Herr Goebbels, father of lies, was not lying when he said recently that Germany had become "a warrior nation in the full sense of the word.' The German counteroffensive on the western front has made it possible pos-sible for another crop of six hundred hun-dred thousand tough Nazi-indoctrinated girls and boys to bolster the army and the home-front in 1945. (Courtesy Infantry Journal.) powerful factor in the Reich, whose function was first to "overcome the enemies of the Nazi party from within" with-in" and which now has taken over the control of the German armies and the protection of the Nazi state from without. Through SA representatives right down to the "ward"; through the powerful Gestapo (secret police of the SS) which gradually superseded all police force, the adult non-Nazis are controlled by force and threat of force. Take Over Adults' Duties But perhaps as important as any Nazi weapon today is the Hitler youth organization which is the Nazis' grip on the future. Today, thousands of Hitler youth are guarding guard-ing installations, watching foreign workers, performing work which relieves re-lieves men for the front. Already, many have shot to kill. All can. Tomorrow they will be In the army. The pre-Hitler youth groups in Germany had flourished for a long time. They embraced everything from the strongly rightist, Prussianized Prussian-ized version of the Boy Scouts whose weekly excursions were given over to military games and maneuvers, to the religious groups. In the middle mid-dle were the "Wandervogel" (Wan-derbirds) (Wan-derbirds) who despised regimentation, regimenta-tion, strolled about the countryside on holidays with their guitars on their backs, sleeping in barns or in the open, hobnobbing with the peasants, peas-ants, singing and also collecting the old Volk-songs and just having a plain good time. The writer himself him-self spent many happy hours with the carefree Wandervogel, some of them in the "Eifel," the very territory terri-tory through which Von ' Rundstedt led his charge. We talked of poetry, love and philosophy never about war. Suffice it to say, the Nazis methodically method-ically absolved all of these groups, the religious movements which were well organized, resisting as long as they could. Today, under Nazi law, the Hitler youth (male and female), controls "all German youth within the Reich." I can give you the testimony of one German mother which was whispered into my ear in 1939, just before the war broke out. "My daughter has gone," she said to me. "We have nothing in |