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Show I " Alexander G, Bell I Used Dead Man s Ear ! To Make Wires Talk . SYDNEY. N. S. Aug. 2. Dr Alexander Al-exander Graham Bell, Inventor "f the J telephone, died at 2 o'clock this morning morn-ing at Beinn Breagh his estate near Baddeck. Although the inventor had been in falling health for several months. hj had not been confined to tied and the end was unexpected. Late Tuesday uiternoon. his condition became serious seri-ous and Dr Kcrr of Washington, a cousin of Mrs. Bell, a house guest and a Sydney physician, attended him. With Mr. Bell when be died, were Mrs Bell, a daughter, Mrs Marian Hubbard Fairchild and her husband, I 'avid G. Fairchild of Washington The lnentor baes another d itlghter, Mrs. Elsie M. Grosv.-nor. wife of a. Washington Wash-ington magazine editor. Dr. Bell will be buried on top of Mt. Beinn Breagh. a spot chosen by himself. him-self. AGED I N N BAR WASHINGTON. Aug 2. -News of the death of Dr. Alexander Graham Bell at his summer place and laboratories labor-atories at Badd'(-K, N S . came as a rfhoctt to the scientist's many friends In Washington, although they knew he had been failing for several months. At a birthday luncheon, some months ago. Dr. Bell's friends were surprised to see that he had become feeble from age. during the last year, and that his remarkable vigor Was fait disappearing. disappear-ing. Officials of the National Geographic society, in which Dr. Bell was prominent, promi-nent, received word of his death In private advices from Baddeck. President Thayer, of the American Telephone and Telegraph company, on hearing of Mr. Bell's death, ordered all the subsidiary corporations of the Bell system throughout Ihe L'uited States to half mast flags on buildings. STORY OF I N ENTOR Alexander Graham Bell lived to see experiments which he began with a (Continued on Page Two h ALEXANDER G. BELL IS DEAD Famous for Invention of Telephone, Scientist Passes Pas-ses Away at 75 (Continued From Pae One) dead man's ear less than fifty yrnrs ti?n result In a means of communka-tlon communka-tlon for millions of long distnnco telephone tele-phone eon versatlons dally In all parts of the. world. The possibility of talking talk-ing over a wire, ridiculed then as a dream by almost everybody except I became during his lifetime a rc-alliv rc-alliv commonplacs and marvelous. Th.- Hell basic patent, known in tho! records it Washington as No. 174 455 1 has been called the moat valunble sId I gli patent ever Issued in the whole! History of inv ention. There nre to-1 day over thirteen minion telephone ln-jstruments ln-jstruments through which billions of sphbns conversations are carried i on euch year. I Menus of communication had been a hobby In Hie Bell family lonfc be-foi be-foi ' hi in i ntof M th telephone frai born. Two generations baCk. Alexander Alexan-der P.ell became noted for inventing I system for overcoming stammering BP ech, while, his son, Alexander Melville Mel-ville Hell, father of the Inventor of the telephone, perfected a system of visible vis-ible soeeeh BORN IV SCOTT, AND I With this heritage, the son, born In' Kliiimirgh Scotland, In 1S47. undei-tcok undei-tcok similar experiments while still a1 lad. Ho constructed -to artificial skull i of gutta-percha and India rubber that Would pronounce several words iti weird tones, when blown Into by a, hand bellows. At tho age of sixteen he I heenme, like his father, a teacher of i (elocution, and an Instructor of deaf J mutes Hell reached a crisis In his life at the age of 22. when he wns threatened threat-ened wph tuberculosis The White plague canned the death of his tw.-brothert tw.-brothert and the Bell family migrated to Brant ford. Canada. A mooting at that time with Sir Charles WheatStone, the English inventor in-ventor of the telegraph. firod the nunc locutlonl t with ambition to Invent a muslc.l, or multiple, telegraph. tele-graph. whl h eventually turned out to be a telephone TJ BBS Tift-" Dl ) ! His futher while giving a lecture ln 'Boston, proudly mentioned the son s l success in teaching London deaf It mutea This led the Boston board of t education to nffer the younger Bell ( If 500 to Introduce hie system In the I newly opened school for deaf mutes i He was then 24 years old, and Instantly Instant-ly became the educational sensation I of tho day. He was appointed a professor pro-fessor In Boston university, and open- i his instantly succesfull "school of 'vocal physiology." Hut teaching interfered with his In- venting, ''nd he soon gave up all but ( two pupils. One of these was Mabel Hubbard, of a wealthy family Sh'- i had lost her hearing and speech In an i attack of scarlet fever while n baby It was she who later became Bell's ( wife. i Bell spent the following three years i in night work in a cellar In Salem, i 'Mass. His money needs were met by , Gardiner G, Hubbard, his future fa- 1 th. '-in-law. nnd Tim;,: .is Sanders, the iic i of th- cellar. As he worked Ihe tiegan tri see the possibility of con- Iveying speech over an electrically 'charged wire the telephone He used j U dead man's ear for a transmitter. "If I can make a deaf mute talk." Bell had declared. ' I can make Iron talk." His nil sT srrcF.ss I His first success rame while testing his Instrument In his new quarters Inn Boston Thomas A. Watson. Bell's as- i s-stant. had struck a clock spring at one end of the wire, and Bell wss , electrified to hear the sound In another an-other room For forty weeks the In- , trument struggled, as It were, foi human speech. Then on March 10, 1876, Watson became almost Insane with Joy when he heard over the wire Bell's voire saying: "Mr Watson, come here. I want you." i n his 20th birthday. Bel received his patent. It was at the centennial exposition held at Philadelphia, two -months later, where men of science the world over who had come to examine ex-amine and study the numerous Inventions In-ventions exhibited, saw Professor Bell gflve 1 1 practical demonstration of the transmission of the human voice by electricity bi:ix goes a ixd no As for Bell himself he had not planned plan-ned to attend tho centennial at all lie was poor and ho had reorganized His c lasses In vocal speech. Toward :ho end of June h wont to tho 3ta-:lmi 3ta-:lmi t si-.-' Miss Hultard off for I'hlla-tclphla, I'hlla-tclphla, Th'-r.' had i 'n some talk ( Ills going, but ho had put It quwtiy iside. She bdlevnd ho was going; v.hen they rearhed tho station sh t.laded with him nnd wns refused U he put her aboard tho train and It moved out, leaving hitn on the platform, plat-form, she burst out rryinsr. Boll d.ish-.l d.ish-.l aftnr her and sprang aboard th rain, without bugRaeff, ticket or any ither trifles. The noxt Sunday afternoon Bell wnn proinlwod an Inspection of his In-, In-, "ntlon l th- lu'lg.M f exhibits. It Yas a hot day and the JudKe.s hud eon a great deal. Somi of th.-m wor 'or going homo, ono jtercd and ther'-vaa ther'-vaa a general boredom Then ther' ippeared tho blonde-bearded emperor )f Brazil, with outstretched hanJn H lad heard some of Bell's locturos in Boston; the deaf mute work appealed :o him. His greeting made a stir Bell made rendy for his demonstration. A wire had been strung tho length of tho oum Bell took the transmitter Dom Pedro placed the receiver to his Mi. He started up amazod. "My God It talks!" St LKNTI.fT Sl'RntlSFD Afterward Lord Kelvin plain Wll-lam Wll-lam Thompson then took up tho re- li r Hs WSJ the engineer of the irst Atlantic s,bla. He nodded his head solemnly as he got up-It up-It does speak.'' he si id i inphiti-calbr. inphiti-calbr. It Is the most wonderful thlrn,' I hao seen in America. " The JudKP took turns talking an 1 listening until 10 that night. Next rnorntng tho telephone was orought to Mo- Judges pavilion. It waa mobbed by scientists tho remainder of the summer. Tho distinguished inventor was the recipient of many honors In this country coun-try and abroad. 1 he French government. govern-ment. eory quick to reeognlzo science, conferred on him the decoration of ;he Legion of Honor, the French academy acad-emy bestowed on him its valuable Vol-ta Vol-ta prize of 60 000 francs, the Society of Arts In London In 1902 ga . h:rn Its Albert ni.dal and tho (Jniversit) of Wurzburg. Bavaria, made him a doctor doc-tor of philosophy. STUDIES ELECTRICITY One of the curious things about the Invention of the telephone Is that Bell knew almost nothing about electrh tv when ho started. Ho knew a great deal about acoustics, though, and tho formation of the human org. ms of speech anj hearing Bell was cullod to Wushlngton once when he waa In the slough of despond and took the opportunity to call of Professor Joseph Id nrj. who knew as much about electricity elec-tricity and the tologrnph as any man then alive. Henry told him he had the germ of a great invention. "But," said Bell, "I have not got tho electrical knowledge that Is necessary neces-sary " "Get It," said Henry. Bell did get some of It enough "Hud I known more about electricity and less about sound." ho said, "I would never havo Invented the telephone tele-phone " Whllo Dr. Boll will be best remembered remem-bered uj the Inventor of the telephone, a claim that "has been sustained through many legal contests, he also became noted for other Inventions. He waa joint Inventor of the graphaphone wtth Sumner Talntor. He Invented an lngwnlus method of lithography, a photnphone and an Induction balance. He invented a tolephono probe which he used to locate the bullet that killed President Garfield Ho spent 16 years and over $200,000 In testing his famous fa-mous tetrahodral kite, and established a principle in architecture, the use of tetraluidral cells or units. INTERESTED DC DEAF Throughout his life. Ir Bell maintained main-tained hl.s Interest and labors for deaf mutes He founded, became president and contributed 5250 Ooo to tho American Amer-ican Association to Promote Teaching of Speech to tho Deaf. He wns a member of many of the leading American Amer-ican learned societies. Dr. Boll's laboratories have been located lo-cated slnco 1886 near Baddeok, Cape Breton. There for many years ho conducted research and experiment In aerial locomotion and other scientific Bubjectn and maintained his private museum showing tho dovolopmcnt of his groatost inventions. Ho oncouraged Samuel P. Langloy to Invent tho first flying machine and declared after witnessing Its flight at Quantlco, Va., In 1896, that the age of the airplane was at hand, although Iangley's machine ma-chine was destroyed Dr. Boll formed in 1907 the Aerial Kxprlment association, with headquarters headquar-ters In Cape Breton and its object to learn to fly. It Is claimed that It was with the machines developed by that association that tho first rellv successful suc-cessful public fllghta of airplanes In America were made. In the world war, Dr. Bell and F W Baldwin invented a boat called a hydrodrome which developed a speed I of 70 miles an hour and was called I the fastest In the world. It used an airplane propellOr and carried beneath It a series of planes which lifted Its main body above tho water as It speed Increased It waa intended for submarine chasing and scouting but the armistice prevented Its use for those purposes. |