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Show THE MORGAN POST John Stable Jr., Editor IWORCAN - - Proprietor - ' UTAH THE UTAH BUDGET Tire totally destroyed the ice plant in Ogden belonging to D. G. Griffith, causing a loss of $20,000. The fire is charged to incendiaries. A number of former Alpine residents, now living in Provo, have decided to visit the old home on July 25. and are arranging a homecoming day for Apine on that date. Charges of having wilfully crowded two pedestrians off the public road in Ogden canyon and forcing them to jump for their lives over the river embankment are made against the driver sf an automobile. 'William Brlnghurst, aged 24, on Monday pleaded guilty to the charge of robbing a gambling house in Salt Lake City, as well as robbing the Lay-to- n bank, and was sentenced to twelve years imprisonment. The work of the Sevier County Fair association for 1910 has been started, and It looks as though the fair will be a more important and valuable event than ever before. It will be held September 14, 15, 16 and 17. Members of the Central Christian Church of Salt Lake City had a jubilee meeting on Sunday, when the mortgage which had stood against thy edifice for seventeen years was cancelled, and the papers were burned. Burglaries are of daily and nightly occurrence In Salt Lake City, the police and city detectives seemingly being powerless to prevent a continuance of the work of the boldest gang that has ever Infested the capital city. Albert Griffiths, aged 45, was found sitting with his back against a building la Salt Lake City, apparently asleep, hot la reality dead, having been dead aevsral hours when discovered. Death was due to excessive use of lntoxl-oantThere was a frost in Cache Valley, Jnne 4, severe enough to badly nip the tender garden truck and to do aome Injury to the wheat crop on the west side of the valley. Logan fared "much better than a great many of the other towns. . I Nephi Anderson, a oivll engineer whose home Is in Brigham City, was drowned In Logan river, Logan canyon, on the night of May 4. There were no witnesses to the tragedy, but It is supposed that in the darkness he walked off the dugway Into the river. It took a huge Bte&m shovel four , hours to recover the body of Joe Don-ton- 48 years of age, who was instantkilled under hundreds of tons of ly earth, which caved on him while he was engaged at his work in the new cut of the Utah Copper company at Bingham. Jonathan C. Royle, lawyer, jurist and eminent citizen of Salt Lake, died Monday morning. Judge Royle came to Salt Lake City in 1871 and went Into partnership with the late Thomas Marshall. The firm continued active until the death of Mr. Marshall four years ago. The Illicit liquor dealers of Spanish Fork, who have had considerable trou ble with the city since the prohibition ordinance went into effect,, have decided to promise to quit the business if the city will drop the prosecution of a large number of cases it has against them. Mrs. Joe Begdar of Bingham, while making a bed, accidentally discharged Colts revolver wmch a had been left there by one of the lodgers, the bullet entering her left breast and passing out through her shoulders, making a painful but not dangerous wound. of daughter Edna, the Mr. and Mrs. George Kirby of Hyde Park, died June 6 of strychnine poisoning after having eaten twenty sixtieth-grain tablets. The tablets had been left on the table and the little one got hold of them while her mother was out of the room. Frank Murrell, aged 40 years, a miner employed at Eureka, committed suicide Saturday night by shooting himself in the left breast with a revolver. Murrell had quarreled with his wife, and when she left the house, Tie picked up the revolver and shot himself. Leo L. Eng.eheart, a traveling who was last seen at City, is missing. His little cart In which he carried his tools and supplies has been found In tbe near Silver City, but no trace of him c.n be found, and It Is feared he has been murdered. A loan of $50,000 from the state land board has been applied for by the irrigation companies and others who own the lakes at the head of Prov river. The loan will be secured as soon as certain preliminaries are ar ranged. The work of reservolring the lakes will then be pushed. Salt Lakers A party of twenty-seveinspected the Price River Irrigation company's .project on Saturday and the members were favorably impressed with this new district, which promises to become one of the greatsections in the state. est Haines has com Statistician State Tiled a stateemnt of the cement products of the state for 1909. There was a total of 501,500 barrels of ce ment, of the value of $647,030, manu factured In Utah in the year. The cement plants paid out in wages In the year $251,111. . ST-ve- r sage-brus- n . fruit-raisin- g ROMANES LECTURE GIVEN & h WHOLE SOUTHERN PORTION PENINSULA SUFFERS FROM SEVERE SHOCK. Of BY THEODORE ROOSEVELT Event Postponed by Kings Death Attracts a Large Audience at Oxford Lord Curzon Introduces the Distinguished American. and Fifty Live) Between Twenty-fivLost and Many Injured, While the Property Damage Will be Enormous. e In camp and In loss of counctl chamber. In the little republic of Holland, as In the great empire of Rome, it was not death which came, but transformation. Both Holland and Italy teach us that races that fall may rise again. Danger of Race Suicide. There are questions which we of the great civilized nations are ever tempted to ask of the future. Is our time of growth drawing to an end? Are we as nations soon to come under the rule of that great law of death, which is ItBelf but part of the great law of life? None can tell. Forces that we can see and other forces that are hidden or that can but dimly be apprehended are at work all around us, both for good and for evil. The growth in luxury, in love of ease, in taste for vapid and frivolous excitement, is both evident and unhealthy. The most ominous sign In the is the diminution In the birth-ratrate of natural Increase, nqw to a lajgcr or lesser degree shared bjejhpatbf the civilized nations of central irid western Europe, of America and Australia; a diminution so great that if it continues for the next century at the rate which! has obmore tained for the last 25 years, all highly civilized people will be stationary or else have begun to go backward Tip population, while many of them will have already gone very far backward. There is much that should give us concern for the future. But there Is much also which should give us hope. No man is more apt to be mistaken khan the prophet of evil. I believe with all my heart that a great future remains for us; but whether It does or does not, our duty Is not altered. However the battle may go. the soldier worthy of the name will with utmost vigor do his task, and bear himself as valiantly In defeat as in victory. Come what will, we belong to peoples who have not yielded to the craven fear of being great In the ages that have gone by, the great nations, the nations that have expanded and that have played a mighty part In the world, have In the end grown old and weakened and vanished; but so have the nations whose only thought was to avoid all danger, all effort, who would risk nothing, and who therefore gained nothing. In the end the same fate may overwhelm all alike; but the memory of the one type perishes with it while the other leaves Its mark deep on the history of all the future of mankind. A nation that seemingly dies may be born again; and even though in the physical sense It die utterly. It may yet hand down a history of heroic achievement, and for all time to come may profoundly Influence the nations that arise in its place by the Impress of what It has done. Best of all Is It to do our part well, and at the same time to see our blood live young and vital In men and women fit to take up the task as we lay it down; for so shaii our seed Inherit the earth. But if this, which Is best. Is denied us, then at least It is ours to remember that if we s, choose we can be as our fathers were before us. The torch has been handed on from nation to nation, from civilization to civilization throughout all recorded time, from the dim years before history dawned, down to the blazing splendor of this teeming century of ours. It is dropped from the hand of the coward and the sluggard, of the man wrapped In luxury or love of ease, the man whose soul was eaten away by It has been kept alight only by those who were mighty of heart and cunning of hand. What they worked at, providing It was worth doing at all, was of no less matter than how they worked, whether In the realm of the mind or the realm of the body. If their work was good, If what they achieved was of substance, then high success was really e, Avelllno, Italy. An. earthquake, characterized by one severe and several minor shocks, which occurred shortly after 4 oclock Tuesday morning, wrought great havoc throughout the province of Avellino In Campania. The entire region, extending for a radius of fifty miles, was thrown into a panic. While the ctity of Avellino practically escaped damage, the town of Calltri, some thirty-fiv- e miles distant, suffered severely. Reports received here indicate that half the buildings in Calltri have been wrecked. The number of killed in that place Is estimated from twenty-fiv- e to fifty, while scores have been seriously injured. From many other towns and fallen villages come stories of homes, death and suffering. At San Sole in the province of Potenza, six persons were killed and five injured. The convicts In the prison at Benve-netbecame panic stricken and tried to force their way past the guards, but were overpowered by troops. This region has suffered much in the past from earthquake shocks, and in 1851, 860 persons were killed. o PERILS OF THE FARM. Soms of the Incidents of Every-da- y Rural Life. Pittsburg. Some of the perils of farm life are reported in news dispatches received from rural communities in this and neighboring states. F. W. Dubbs, a farmer near Lisbon, 0., had a battle with an infuriated bull, and with one arm broken managed to climb into a tree. He was found some time later with the bull pawing tbe ground beneath, and snorting with rage. After the animal was driven off It was found that Dubbs bad died in the tree. Warren Wrax, a farmer near was Instantly killed by a young colt that kicked him In the stomach. At Greenville, Pa., & pet horse bit off the index finger of Mrs. Jacob Uhler's right hand while she was feeding the animal. Mrs. John W. Johnson of Willow Bend, In Munroe county, W. Va., was trying to separate two fighting turkeys when a cow charged and knocked her down. She was trampled and cut by the animals hoofs before rescued by farm hands. Til-de- n, Notorious Wolf Killed- Upton, Wyo. "One Toe, the most famous wolf in the west, was laid low last Friday by William Jenkins, a ranchman, who shot the animal which has been hunted by stock growers in this part of the state for years. "One Toe, so named from the fact that his trail showed him to have but one toe on bis right forepaw, has been the despair of stock growers for many years, raiding their herds and being held responsible for losses that aggregate thousands of dollars. He was too wary to be led into a trap, could never be deceived into eating poisoned meat, and until Friday had never been caught within rifle range. Oxford, England. Before an audience of distinguished men and students of Oxford university, Theodore Roosevelt on June 7 delivered the Romanes lecture, his subject being "Biological Analogies in History. The lecture had been scheduled for delivery on May 18, but of course was postponed on account of King Edwards demise. It was given in the Sheldon-latheater and Lord Curzon, as chancellor of the university, presided and Introduced the lecturer. In seeking to penetrate the causes of the mysteries that surround not only mankind but all life, both in tbe present and the past, said Mr. Roosevelt, we see strange analogies in the phenomena of life and death, of birth growth and change,- between those physical groups of. animal life which we designate as species, forms, races and tbe highly complex and composite entities which rise before our minds when we speak of nations and civilizations. It is this study, he asserted, that has given science Its present-da-y prominence, and the historian of mankind must work in the scientific of spirit and use the treasure-house- s science. To illustrate, the lecturer took several Instances of the development of new species and the extinction of species in the history of mammalian life, showing that in some cases the causes can be traced with considerable accuracy, and In other cases we cannot so much as hazard a guess as to why a given change occurred. Analogies in Human History. Continuing, Mr. Roosevelt said in n part: Now, as to all of these phenomena in the evolution of species, there are, If not homologies, at least certain analogies, in the history of human societies, In the the history of the rise to prominence, oftemdevelopment and change, of the transor porary dominance, and death formation. of the groups of varying kind which form races or nations. As In biology, so in human history, a new form may result from the specializaand hitherto very tion of a g or generalized for Instance, when form; as, a barbaric race from a variety of causes suddenly develops a more complex cultivation and civilization. That Is what occurred, for Instance, in western Europe during the centuries of the Teutonic and later the Scandinavian ethnic overflows from the north. All the modern countries of western Europe are descended from the states created by these northern Invaders. When flrst created they could be called new" or "young states In the sense that part or all of the people composing them were descended from races that hitherto had not been civilized at all, and that therefore for the flrst time entered on the career of civilized communities. In the southern part of western Europe the new states thus formed consisted In bulk of the Inhabitants already In the land under the Roman empire; and It was here that the new kingdoms flrst took shape. Through a reflex action their Influence then extended back Into the cold forests from which the Invaders had come, and Germany and Scandinavia witnessed the rise of communities with essentially the same civilization as their southern neighbors; though In those communities, unlike the southern communities, there was no Infusion of new blood, and in each esse the new civilized nation which gradually developed was composed entirely of members of the same race which In the same region had for ages lived the life of a slowly changing barbarism. The same was true of the Slavs and the Slavontzed Finns of eastern Europe, when an of Scandinavian leaders from the north and Infiltration of Byzantine culture from the south joined to produce the changes which have gradually, out of the little Slav communities of the forest, and the steppe, formed the mighty Russian empire of today. "New" and "Young Nations. Again, the new form may represent merely a splitting off from a highly developed and specialized nation. In this case the nation Is usually spoken of as a young, and Is correctly spoken of as a "new. -- atlon; but the term should always be used with a clear sense of the difference between what is described in such case, and what is described by the same term in speaking of a civilized nation just developed from a barbarism. Carthage and Syracuse were new cities compared with Tyre and Corinth; but the Greek or Phoenician race was In every sense of the word as old in the new city as in the old city. So, nowadays. Victoria or Manitoba Is a new community compared with England or Scotland: but the' ancestral typo of civilization and culture Is as old in one case as In the other. 1 of course do not mean for a moment that great changes are not produced by the mere fact that Wie old civilized race Is suddenly placed In surroundings where it has again to go through the work of taming the wilderness, a work finished many centuries before In the original home of the race; I merely mean that the ancestral history Is the same In each case. Wei can rightly use the phrase "a new people In speaking of Canadians or Australians, Americans or Afrikanders. But we use It in an entirely different sense from that In which we use it when speaking of such communities as those founded by the northmen and their descendants during (hat period of astonishing growth which- saw the descendants of the Norse conquer and transform Normandy. Sicily, and the British Islands: we use it In an entirely different sense from that In which we use It when speaking of the new states that grew up around Warsaw. Kief, Novgorod, and Moscow, as the wild savages of the steppes and the marshy forests struggled haltingly and stumblingly upward to become builders of cities and to form stable governments. The kingdoms of and Alfred were Charlemagne new," with the empire on the Boscompared phorus; they were also in every way different; their lines of ancestral descent had nothing In common with those of the polyglot realm which paid tribute to the Caesars of Byzantium; their social problems and aftertime history were totally different. This Is not true of those new nations which spring direct from old nations. Brazil, the Argentine, the United Slates, are all "new nations, compared with the nations of Europe: but wl h changes In detail, their civlliza-i- o is nevertheless of the general Euro long-existi- slowly-changin- lnfll-tratl- Expulsion of Jews. Russia. Authentic figures on Kiev, the expulsion of the Jews show that 1,421 individuals have been expelled from Kiev up to June 5. Of these, 517 came under the ruling allowing them a short time in which to prepare for their departure without restriction, while 904 received passports good only over the route to their specified destinations. Two hundred and eighty-eigh- t persons who or'sr'nally were ordered expelled, succeeded in proving their right to residence. Pinchot Gets Into Game. ( Washington. Former Forester Gifford Pinchot arrived here on Tuesday for the avowed purpose of exerting his influence against the passage by the senate of the administrative conservation bill. It is expected that Senator Dolliver, to whom Mr. Pinchot addressed the letter that resulted in his dismissal from the government service, will be the foresters champion in the move to compel the adoption of an amendment to the bill. Commodore Sims Ready for Fight At the first Blueflelds, Nicaragua. shot fired against the American flag of an American vessel, I. will level the bluff. This Is the reply made on Tuesday by Commodore Harold K. Sims, commanding the American gunboat Dubuque, to a threat made by General Rlvias of the Madriz forces holding Blueflelds bluff, to stop any vessel entering the harbor. Stock Broker Suioides. Franc' sco. Despondent over recent domestic trouble and chronic 111 health, Charles Paxton, a well known member of the San Francisco stock exchange board, shot and killed himself on Tuesday in his office In this city. A number of brokers from nearby offices, attracted by the sound of the shot, hastened to the office, but Paxton was dead before medical aid could be .summoned. A short time ngo Paxtons Wife secured a divorce hut he had not sustained any seriou; . nancial loss. San pean type, as shovim In Portugal. Spain, and England. The differences between these "new American and these old European nations are not as great as those which separate the new" nations one from another and the old nations one from another. There are in each case very real differences between the new and the old nation differences both for good and for evil; but in each case there Is the same ancestral history to reckon with, the same type of civilization, with its attendant benefits and shortcomings; and, after the pioneer stages are passed, .the problems to be solved, In spite of superficial differences, are In their esepnee the same; they are those that confront all civilized peoples, not those that confront Into peoples struggling from barbarism civilization. So, when wo speak of the death of a tribe, a nation or a civilization, the term may be used for either one or two totally different processes; the analogy with what occurs in biological history being complete. Certain tribes of savages, the Tasmanians, for instance, and various little clans of American Indians, have within the last century or two completely died out; nil of the individuals have perished, leaving no descendants, and the blood hae Certain other tribes of disappeared. Indians have as tribes disappeared or are now disappearing; but their blood remains, being absorbed into the veins of the white Intruders, or of the black men introduced by these white intruders; so that In reality they are merely being transformed Into something absolutely different from what they were. A like wide diversity In fact may be covered in the statement that a civilization has died out. Phenomena That Puzzle. In dealing, not with groups of human beings In simple and primitive relations, but with highly complex, highly specialized, civilized, or societies, there Is need of great caution In drawing analogies with what has occurred In the development of the animal world. Yet even In these cases It Is curious to see how some of the phenomena In the growth and disappearance of these complex, artificial groups of human beings resemble what has happened In myriads of instances In the history of life on this seml-civlliz- planet te torch-bearer- Why do great artificial empires, whose citizens are knit by a bond of speech and culture much more than by a bond of blood, show periods of extraordinary growth, and again of sudden or lingering decay? In some cases we can answer readily enough; In other cases we cannot as yet even guess what the proper answer should be. If In any such case the centrifugal forces overcome the centripetal, the nation will of course fly to pieces, and the reason for Us failure to become a dominant force Is patent to every one. The minute that the spirit theirs. In the first part of this lecture I drew which finds its healthv development In certain analogies between what had oclocal and In the antidote to forms of animal life through curred to the dangers of an extreme centralizathe procession of the ages on this planet, tion, develops into mere particularism, Into Inability to combine effectively for and what has occurred and Is occurring achievement of a common end, then it Is to the great artificial civilizations which hopeless to expect great results. Poland have gradually spread over the worlds and certain republics of the western surface during the thousands of years hemisphere are the standard examples of that have elapsed since cities of temples failure of this kind; and the United States and palaces first rose beside the Nile and and the harbors of would have ranked w.lh them, and 1U the Euphrates, name would have become a byword of Mlnoan Crete bristled with the masts of derision. If the forces of union had not the Aegean craft. But of course the triumphed In the civil war. . So the parallel is true only in the roughest growth of soft luxury after It has reached and most general way. Moreover, even a certain point becomes a national danger between the civilizations of today and patent to all. Again, It needs but little of the civilizations of ancient times there the vision of a seer to foretell what must are differences so profound that we must be cautious in drawing any conclusions happen In any community If the average woman ceases to become the mother of a for the present based on what has happened in the past. While freely admitfamily of healthy children. If the average man loses the will and the power to work ting all of our follies and weaknesses of to old to up age and fight whenever the today. It is yet mere perversity to refuse need arises. If the homely, commonDlace to realize the Incredible advance that virtues die out, If strength of character has been made In ethical standards. I do vanishes In graceful If the not believe that there is the slightest necvirile qualities atrophy, then the nation essary connection between any weakenhas lost what no material prosperity can ing of virile force and this advance in the moral standard, this growth of the offset. sense of obligation to ones neighbor and But there are plenty of other phenomena wholly or partially Inexplicable. It Is of reluctance to do that neighbor wrong. We need have scant patience with that easy to see why Rome trended downward cynicism which insists that kindliwhen great slave-tille- d farms spread over silly accompanies what had once been a countryside of ness of character only of character. On the contrary, weakness peasant proprietors, when greed and luxas in life of the men many private ury and sensuality ate like acids Into the just fiber of the upper classes, while the mass of strongest character are the very men of the citizens grew to depend, not upon of loftiest and most exalted morality, so national life as the ages their own exertions, but upon the state, I believewethat in find shall that the permanent go by for their pleasures and their very livelimore and more tend will national types hood. But this does not explain why the In those while the Inteltowards which, forward movement stopped at different lect stands high, character stands higher; times, so far as different matters were in which rugged strength and courage, concerned; at one time as regards literaresist wrongful agture. at another time as regards architec- rugged capacity to will go hand in hand by others, ture, at another time as regards city gression a scorn of with doing wrong to othlofty building. We cannot even guess why the ers. This Is the type of Timeleon, of springs of one kind of energy dried up Hampden, of Washington and Lincoln. while there was yet no cessation of anThese were as good men, as disinterested other kind. as ever served a and unselfish men, Holland as an Example. state; and they were also as strong men Take another and smaller Instance that as ever founded or saved a state. Surely of Holland. For a period covering a such examples prove that there is nothlittle more than the seventeenth century, ing Utopian In our effort to combine Holland, like some of the Italian city justice and strength in the same nation. states at an earlier period, stood on the The really high civilizations must themselves supply the antidote to the dangerous heights of greatness beside naand love of ease which they tions so vastly her superior In territory and population as to make It Inevitable tend to produce. that sooner or later she must fall from the Problems of Modern Nations. glorious and perilous eminence to which modem civilized nation has many Every she had been raised by her own indomitaand terrible problems to solve within Its ble soul. Her fall came; It could not own borders, problems that arise not have been Indefinitely postponed; but It from Juxtaposition of poverty and came far quicker than It needed to come, merely rUhes, but especially from the because of shortcomings on her part to of both poverty and riches. which both Great Britain and the United Each nation must deal with these matStates would be wise to pay heed. Her ters In its own fashion, and yet the government was singularly Ineffective, the In which the problem Is approached spirit must decentralization being such as often to ever be fundamentally the same. It permit the separatist, the particularism must be a spirit of broad humanity; of spirit of the provinces to rob the central brotherly kindness; of acceptance of reauthority of all efficiency. This was bad sponsibility, one for each and each for But the fatal weakness was that all; and at the same time a spirit as reenough. g so common in neh, societies, mote as the poles from every form of where men hate to think of war as possiAs In war weakness and sentimentality. ble, and try to justify their own reluctance to pardon the coward Is to do cruel to face It either by moral wrong to the brave man whose life his platitudes or else by a philosophy of cowardice Jeopardizes, so In civil affairs d materialism. The Dutch It Is revolting to every principle of were very wealthy. They grew to beto give to the lazy, the vicious, or lieve that they could hire others to do justice even the feeble and a their fighting for them on land; and on which is really the robbery of reward what sea, where they did their own fighting, braver, wiser, abler men have earned. and fought very well, they refused In The only effective way to help any man time of peace to make ready fleets so efIs to him to help himself: and the ficient as either to Insure the Dutch worst help lesson to teach him Is that he can against the peace being broken or else be permanently helped at the expense of to give them the victory when war some one else. True liberty shows itself came. To be opulent and unarmed Is to to best advantage In protecting the rights secure ease In the present at the almost of others, and especially of minorities. certain cost of disaster In the future. Privilege should not be tolerated because It Is therefore easy to see why Holland It I to the advantage of a minority, nor lost when she did her position among the yet because It Is to the advantage of a powers; but It Is far more difficult to exNo doctrinaire theories of majority. plain why at the same time there should vested rights or freedom of contract can have come at least a partial loss of posistand In the way of our cutting out tion In the world of art and letters. Some abuses from the body politic. Just a litspark of divine fire burned Itself out In tle can we afford to follow the doctrinthe national soul., As the line of great aires of an Impossible and incidentally statesmen, of great warriors, by land and of a highly undesirable social revolution sea, came to an end, so the line of the which. In destroying Individual rights great Dutch painters ended. The loss of (Including property rights) and the famI Ui the schools followed the ily. would destroy the two chief agents in peace-lovin- short-sighte- dull-witte- d, k the advance of mankind, and the twk chief reasons why either the advance or the preservation of mankind Is worth, while. It Is an evil and a dreadful thing to be callous to sorrow and suffering, and blind to our duty to do all things possible, for the betterment of social conditions. But It is an unspeakably foolish thing for this betterment by means that they would leave no social conditions to better. In dealing with all these social problems, with the intimate relations of the family, with wealth In private use and business use, with la- -, bor, with poverty, the one prime necessity Is to remember that, though hardness of heart is a great evil, it is no greater an evil than softness of head. But in addition to these problems tho most Intimate and important of all which to a larger or less degree affect all the modern nations somewhat alike, w of the great nations that have expanded, that Are now in complicated relations with one another and with alien races, hav special 'problems and special duties of our own. YctM belong to a nation which possesses thesAreatest empire upon which th sun has evcc. shone. I belong to a nation which Is trying, onY scale hitherto unexampled, to work out V he problems of government for, of. and toy the people, whlls at the same time djnng the International quty of a great twer. But there ar certain problems which both of us hav tb solve, and as to which our standards flhould be the same. The Englishman, th man of the British Isles, in his various homes across the seas, and the American, both at home and abroad, ar brought Into contafct with utterly alien peoples, some with a civilization more ancient than our own, still in,' or having but recently ariseSTYromriffhe which our people left behind ages ago. The problems that arise are of well-niInconceivable difficulty. They cannot be solved by tqe foolish sentimentality of e people, with little patent recipes, and tlibse theories of the political nursery which have such limited applicability amid the crash of elemental forces Neither can they b solved by the raw brutality of the men who, whether at home or on the rough frontier of civilization, adopt might as the only standard of right in dealing with other men, and treat alien races only as subjects for exploitation. No hard and fast rule can be drawn as applying to all alien races, because they differ from one another far more widely than some of them differ from us. But there are one or two rules which must not be forgotten. In the long run. ther can be no Justification for one race managing or controlling another unless th management and control are exercised In the Interest and for the benefit of that other race. This Is what our peoples have In the main done, and must continue In the future in even greater degree to do, in India, Egypt, and the Philippines alike. In the next place, as regards every race, everywhere, at horn or abroad, we cannot afford to deviate from the great rule of righteousness which bids us treat each man on his worth as a man. He must not be sentimentally favored because he belongs to a given race; he must not be given Imor permitted to munity In wrong-doincumber the ground, or given other privileges which would be denied to th vicious and unfit among themselves. On the other hand, where he acts In a way which would entitle him to respect and reward it he were of our own stock, he Is just as much entitled to that respect and reward If he comes of another stock, even though that other stock produces a much smaller proportion of men of his type than does our own. This ha nothing to do with social Intermingling, with what Is called social equality. It has to do merely with the question of doing to each man and each wonuin that elementary justice which will PftoJ him or her to gain from life the. reward which should always accompany thrift, sobriety, respect for th rights of others, and hard and Intelligent work to a given end. To more than such Just treatment no man Is entitled, and less than such Just treatment no mao should receive. Duty of Nation to Nation. The other type of duty Is the international duty, the duty owed by one nation to another. I hold that the laws of morality which should govern individuals In their dealings one with the other are just as binding concerning nations In their dealings one with the other. The application of the moral law must be different In the two cases, because In one case It has, and In the other It has not, the sanction of a civil law with fore behind It. The Individual can depend for his rights upon the- courts, which themselves derive their force from the police power of the state. The nation can depend upon nothing of the kind: and therefore, as things are now. It Is the highest duty of the most advanced and freest peoples to keep themselves In such a state of readiness as to forbid to any barbarism or despotism the hope of arresting the progress of1 the world by striking down the nations that lead In that progress. It would be foolish Indeed to pay heed to the unwise persons who desire disarmament to be begun by th very peoples who. of all thers. should not be left helpless before any posslbl foe. But we must reprobate quite a strongly both the leaders and the people ' who practise, or encourage or condone. aggression and Iniquity by the strong at the expense of the weak. We should tolerate lawlessness and wickedness neither by the weak nor by the strong; and both weak and strong we should In return treat with scrupulous fairness. The foreign policy of a great and country should be conducted on exactly the same plane of honor, of Insistence upon ones own rights and of respect for the rights of others, as when a brave and honorable man Is dealing with his fellows permit me to support this statement out of my own experience. For nearly eight years I was the head of a great nation and charged especially with the conduct of Its foreign policy; and during those years I took no action with reference to any other people on the face of the earth that I would not have felt Justified In taking as an individual In dealing with other individuals. I believe that we of the great civilized nations of today have a right to feel that long careers of achievement lie before our several countries. To each of us la vouchsafed the honorable privilege of doing his part, however small. In that work. Let us strive hardily for success, even if by so doing we risk failure, spurning the poorer souls of small endeavor who know neither failure nor sueress. Let us hope that our own blood shall continue In the land, that our children and chilchildren to endless generations dren shall arise to take our places and play a mighty and dominant part In the world. But whether this be denied or granted by the years we shall not see. let nt least the satisfaction be ours that we hav carried onward the lighted torch In our own day and generation. . If we do this, then, as our eyes close, and we go out into the darkness, and other hands grasp the torch, at least we can say that our part has been borne well and valiantly. bar-bari- gh stay-at-hom- self-contr- - Charity and Prudence. The contradictions of life are many. An observant man remarked recently that he was prowling about a certain city sqjiare, when he came upon a drinking fountain which bore two conflicting inscriptions. One, the original Inscription on the fountain, was from the Bible: ' "And whosoever will, let him take the water of life freely. Above this hung a placard: please do not waste the water. Youtha Companion. |