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Show Bread and Meat World Problem Wheat Keeps Pace With . the Growing Population, Meat Lags Behind. Washington. What of ttie world's bread and meat supply since the World war? Tlie world's- populiitloii has been (crowing: Have these two primary food Items kept pace? Since the problem Is being approached ap-proached from the Western world let wheat stand, for the moment, for bread, und heef for meat A bulletin from the Washington (D C) ' headquarters summarizes the world wheat and beef production as follows: . "T1ie average yearly world production produc-tion of wheat during the five years Immediately preceding the World war was roughly three and a half billion bii'-hi'ls. In late years the average has I con closer to four billion bushels The wheat supply, therefore, has advanced ad-vanced along with the number ot months to eat It So " too with that part of the vheat crop that Is trans planted from country to country Ap proximately eight hundred million bushels (nearly 23 per cent of the pro Auction) of wheat and flour entered International trade channels In pre war days, and about eight hundred filly million bushels (22 -J per cent) enter . now. ' "But although the World war had no lasting effect on wheat production and its-steady growth, ft played liavo" with the world trade In wheat. This flow of wheat from the! less developed countries .to. "the countries with great urban centers has-been an important factor ..In .world, economics, since the rise. of cities. .Doubtless Ra nylon drew grain from Its satellite countries When Rome came to he n great power n veritable river of grain . Rowed to it from northern Africa. Spain, and the. Near linst-. " Medieval Flow of Grain. "THinng the Middle ages commerce In food staples, lagged, each 'ountry for the most part, producing its own food. But with the planting of col onlos- aud the coming of the machine age... the tide of grain began to run again. - setting - toward England and western Europe from Russia, the Western hemisphere, and finally from the antipodes. J "Russia was the'blg factor In the wheat, trade .iefore the war. She pro duced more than one-sixth of the en tire ;worUI crop, nnrl exported a fifth of the. total international shipments After a hig ; drop, Russia has almost reached her former position In the matter of production. But apparently the Russians of todaYare better fed: only -3 per cent 'of tiie woild's wheat exports now come from that Country "Canada has become- (be chief factor fac-tor in -the international wheat trade She produced iess than two hundred million bushels before - the war. and shipped only .11 pei cent of world shipments.' In -1!)2(V she grew more than four hundred million bushels snd her exports far surpassed the greatest shipments- of Russia, 'reaching 37 per cent of-total international exports. "I?i;l although Russia and Canada have stood out as the greatest ship pers of wheat. In the matter of pro-d pro-d iction they . have- , been surpassed since well before the World war by the Spiled; States. '.This . country. In IP-fl. produced;. eight .hundred thirty-two thirty-two million bushels, -more- than n tifth of the., world total. . Only European Russia:: .came anywhere near this mark, .-with" fire hundred ninety million mil-lion bushels. Pvon when Asiatic Russia's Rus-sia's two hundred million bushels are added, tire United States is still in the lead bymore:' than forty million bushels. ' ' "But Uncle Sara's l2o.tKm.iKHl mouths consume most -of this vast volume of wheat. Sxme years the' exports jump to a quarter of a hillich bushels. Usually, however, they are little more than one hundred' niillh n bushels, making up the 12 per cent, of world shipments that was the rule even in pre-war days. SmaHer. Nations'- Exports Drop. "While Russia has dropped out ot the world wheat trade since the war. ut least temporarily, and 'Canada has moved to first place, there have heen significant shifts In rhe positions of other when -producing countries. I!u mania which contributed one-sixteenth of the world exports, dropped out en tirely for some years, ami" now sup plies only ..me-niirety-sixt !i. Bulgaria has cut her conn ilut i-n to one tliir rl the former figure: an, Hungary's (if ty-five million hu-'hcls have shrunk to twenty milium' India. ' loo. has (.,. slowly losing ground as an exporter "Next to Canada. Australia has shown the greatest ' growth in wheat shipments, raising her pre war figure cf 0 per cent of the not Id shipments to 15 per cent. Argentina has shown a less spectacular growth from lO'A per cent to 12 per cent. "A surprising fact disclosed by r survey of the wheat situation is the magnitude of the crops produced h France, Italy and Germany, all ot which are relatively densely popu lated. consuming countries. Erance's crop ot three hundred thirty million bushels in liii'o was considerably larger than that ot Argentina (two hundred twenty-three millions) and approximately twice that o Australia Aus-tralia Italy's two hundred forty million bushels was also greatei than the At get. tine crop; while Germany's one hundred eighteen million bushels wjts not far short ot the Australian production. Ail three ot these eoun tries found it necessary to supplement supple-ment (heir heavy home production by taking from 4 to 1) per cent of the world shipments. There has teen little lit-tle change in the volume of Erench wheat and Hour imports since before the war. hut that of Italy has in creased, and that of Germany has decreased. de-creased. "The greatest Importer ot wheat continues to be Great Britain, which takes about one-quarter of all international inter-national wheat shipments. In 1H20 she imported two hundred three million mil-lion bushels of wheat and flour, an amount about equal to the total combined com-bined shipments of the United States and Argentina. In addition. Great Britain raised more than fifty mil inn bushels of wheat at home. U. 3. Leads Also in Beef. "In beef cattle, as in wheat production, pro-duction, the United Stales leads the world, with close to sixty million head. Russia probably ranks next vvilh slightly under forty million, although al-though both Argentina and Brazil have almost as many. Germany France, and Australia follow with seventeen, fourteen and thirteen mil 1 ion. There are heavj holdings ot cat tie in India and other parts of the Orient, but the beef production from these countries is very light owing to religious scruples and vegetarian habits. "The World war seems greatly to have affected the meat-eating habits of the West. Apparently France learned meat eating from her allies. Her pre-war imports of heef were only forty-one million pounds, while she ex ported sixty-two million pounds. Now the exports have been cut almost o one-half the former figure, while Hie imports have increased more than six fold. They are now 7V& per cent of all International exports. "Germany has doubled her Imports, and now takes 13 'per cent of world shipments; her exports both before and since t lie war are negligible. "As with bread, so with heef Great Btitain is the greatest Importer. She imports now more than one and three quarters billion pounds per year, against one and a quarter billion in pre-war days. "Changes in the sources ot beef have not been great ; rather, the pre- . .j. .g, . . . .J. . A. .j, Calls Antique Shop ."Spirit of St. Louis" .;. Paris-. Lindbergh's "Spirit of St. Louis" has its memory per- i- petmited in nu old antique shop X along the river. Tlie enterpris- : ing owner really has a claim to & the name, for his shop for years X has been called "I. 'Esprit de Saint Louts, an exact Erench translation of the transatlantic airiiliine's name. His store is ' on the (Juai Bourbon, on the Be .j. St. Louis, an island in the river .;. , SWne. and he deals largely In leriod furniture of the various 4. t King Louis. t His sense of humor, however. caused him to label one pan of jj ! his showroom "Locarnti." proh J ably because odds nd ends are !J gathered together there J ; ; i & s 4 i i & 4- war tendencies have been followed out. Russia was never an Important factor in Europe's heef supply, and her withdrawal from European affairs had little effect on the meat trade. The World's Meat Counter. "Argentina is the world's chief heef purveyor. Before the war her contribution con-tribution was -if! per cent of the total international exports; now it has grown to 50 per cent. Uruguay Is a poor second with 11 per cent: double her pre-war proportion Australia, which furnished 1-t per cent of beef shipments before Ml 4, sends nut only 9 iter cent now. The United States, too. has dropped from a 10 per cent contribution in the years prior to the war. to S per cent today. "The only other country with exports ex-ports which equal 6 per cent of world exports is. strangely the Netherlands, with more than 7 per cent. This country coun-try has -only two million cattle. The explanations lies in the heavy imports of beef, most of which are re-exported. "Because the teeming population 01 the East lives largely on rice, it would be natural to assume that more rice is grown than wheat. But the Tact that the people of the West are on the whole much better fed. apparently 1 turns the scale in favor of wheat. The I average estimated world rice crop far j five years preceding the World war j was two and a half billion bushels. whole tlie corresponding wheal crop ! was approximately one billion bushels greater. The average annual crops for j the year M21 to M2n were nearly three billion bushels for rice, and nearly four billion bushels for wheat. Less Rice Exported Than Wheat. "A much smaller percentage of the rice crop enters International trade than that of the wheal crop, n prewar pre-war days S per cent of the world's rice production was exported, as against 23 per cent of the total wheat. The percentages now are practically the same. "I'ork plays second fiddle to beef, as rice does to wheat among the meats and grains consumed by man. There are far fewer hogs in the world than cattle about two hundred iirty mil lion as against more than six hundred million. The United States leads all other countries in the number of its hogs between fifty and sixty millions. The nearest competitors are Germany with sixteen million and Russia with fourteen million. "The United States is also first In pork exports, sending out nearly one and a quarter billion pounds, more than half the total international shipments. ship-ments. The next more Important exporters ex-porters are Ponmark with four hundred hun-dred sixty-three million pounds, and the Netherlands with two hundred fifty-nine million. "In pork England is again the world s best customer, taking more I than one and one-third billion pounds ' of the world's exports. fi7 per cent of ' the total." I |