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Show WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS . U. N. Forces Surprise Communists With Amphibious Attack at Inchon; Ministers Plan European Defenses (EDITOR'S NOTE: When bpinlons are expressed fn these columns, they are those of Western Newspaper Union's news analysts and not necessarily of this newspaper.) f S i - ' , , ' ' 1 I 1"? f?;- fe ! f -J Robert Schuman of France, Dean Acheson of the U. S., and Ernest Bevin, of Great Britain (left to right), open the Big Three foreign ministers conference at the Waldorf-Astoria in New York. Main topic of conversation was the defense of Europe against Communist Com-munist aggression. MARSHALL: Anger Close to Tears In an atmosphere of bittemessi that at times brought senators to their feet in anger that bordered on tears, congress cleared the way for General of the Army George C. Marshall, a soldier for 40 years, to serve as secretary of defense. The waiver to the Unification act which forbids the office of secretary of defense to a commissioned officer of-ficer within 10 years of the end of his active service was approved by the house 220 to 105 and by the senate by 47 to 21. But before the vote in the senate. sen-ate. William E. Jenner of Indiana took the floor and for an hour, while the senators sat in silence and shame, launched into an attack on Marshall's honor that astounded foes and friends alike. .. It was the reapparance of the bitter core of isolationism and Sen. Robert Taft of Ohio and Sen. Kenneth Ken-neth Wherry of Nebraska immediately immedi-ately made it plain that they were not going along with Jenner's denunciation de-nunciation of General Marshall as a soldier and a man. Taft opposed the waiver on the grounds that it would put a military mili-tary man in the cabinet as head of the military establishment and would strike at the old American tradition of civilian control of military mili-tary affairs. Taft also contended it would strengthen the position of the secretary of state "in relation to the Chinese Communists." That was as far as he would go. Jenner, however, attacked Marshall Mar-shall as "either an unsuspecting stooge or an actual co-conspirator with the most treasonable array of political cutthroats ever turned loose in the executive branch of the government." Sen. Scott Lucas of Illinois called Jenner's speech "reprehensible, irresponsible, ir-responsible, the most diabolical speech in the halls of congress that I have ever heard in 16 years here." The Republicans in the senate were inclined to agree. Most observers said that Jenner's attack on a man who has served his country for 40 years and is greatly great-ly respected by the American people peo-ple in every walk of life, will have further and deeper repercussions. The Indiana senator is known as one of the most consistent isolationists isola-tionists in congress. His attack, although denied by such men as Taft and Wherry, still carries the label of the Republican party and may be reflected in the coming elections. CONTROLS: Curbs on Credit With the restoration of government govern-ment curbs on consumers' easy-payment easy-payment credits affecting car, furniture fur-niture and household equipment, 32 war materials including steel, lumber, industrial alcohol, and nylon ny-lon yarn were placed under federal fed-eral non-hoarding orders. Although no consumer items were named, the "inventory control" con-trol" was broader than had been expected. No shortages are expected expect-ed to develop, but the move was made to prevent overbuying by businessmen. N.P.A. administrator William H. Harrison said: "The purpose of the order is to make clear that national nation-al interest demands there be no accumulation of materials beyond what is needed for immediate production." pro-duction." The new defense production law provides a $10,000 fine and one year in prison as maximum penalty for violations. Harrison ordered industry in-dustry to "cancel, reduce, or defer" promptly any orders which already may have been placed, if they would bring stocks to an illegal size. KOREA: Now the Offensive With unexpected and dramatic suddenness the war in Korea turned from the defensive to the offensive. It was sudden in that the American Ameri-can people were surprised that United "Nations forces could be mustered to launch an offensive. And it was dramatic In its conception concep-tion and execution by Gen. Douglas MacArthur. From June 25, when the Communist Com-munist struck with surprising force and generalship, the people of America watched one continual withdrawal. They heard of one Communist advance after another and the fall of such cities as Seoul, Suwan, Kumsan and Taejon. Further Fur-ther and further the Communists advanced ad-vanced until U.N. forces held a beachhead in the southeast corner of Korea that offered little or no room for further retreat and little possibilities for an offensive. And then in one stroke General MacArthur launched an invasion of Korea over 100 miles behind the Communist lines at Inchon. Other forces landed at Yongdok and at points on the east coast. The main invading force on the west coast at Inchon had one objective: ob-jective: the capture of Seoul, former for-mer capital of South Korea, and cutting the supply routes of the Communists from North Korea. At the same time a general offensive was launched in the south from the U. N. beachhead. General MacArthur did not try to hide his eventual hopes for the operation. He wanted to cut Korea Ko-rea just below the 38th parallel and thus have the Communists armies between two hammers that would slowly but surely beat them to pieces and destroy them. The initial invasion was successful. success-ful. U. S. marine and army divisions di-visions captured Wolmi Islands in less than an hour, overran Inchon and advanced on Seoul. Kimpo airfield, air-field, the best in Korea, was captured, cap-tured, and American troops stood at the outskirts of Seoul. The southern offensive progressed slowly against stubborn Communist Com-munist rear guard action. There were indications, however, that Communist defenses were crumbling. Head liners "That's a good sight for my old eyes," Gen. Douglas MacArthur said as he inspected six Red tanks, still smoking, where they had been knocked out near Seoul. "If we lose, we lose forever," Bernard Baruch warned in his latest statement to the American people that all-out war must be waged by the U.S. to win in Korea. "You see, kids, I happened to be caught in two wars inside 10 years, and the reason I am where I am today is because I am fighting for what I think is right," Pfc. John J. McCormick, 28, wrote in a letter to his two daughters. The letter was received three days after a telegram tele-gram that informed Mrs. McCormick McCor-mick that her husband had been killed in Korea. "If American warmongers force a war on humanity it will be their last war. The hate of honest and patient people will explode with a strength greater than any hydrogen hydro-gen bomb," shouted Soviet Marshal Semyon Bagdanow in a speech to bolster Russian morale. BIG THREE: Not in Accord Diplomatic sources noted with concern a break, although not considered con-sidered too serious, in the relations of the Big Three foreign ministers in their first series of New York meetings. Dean Acheson, representing the United States, Robert Schuman of France, and Ernest Bevin of Great Britain were not in accord on the U. S. proposal to rearm western Germany. That was the major source of disagreement. The United States, through Acheson, Ach-eson, had urged the 12-nation North Atlantic council to reach agreement in principle that western west-ern German forces should become part of the projected western European Eu-ropean army. The U. S. idea was that German troop units would be included in the western European army. France, however, indicated that she wanted to go slow and easy on the question. The gist of the French attitude CIVIL-DEFENSE Plan Handed Congress A blueprint for a vast civil defense de-fense program, greater than that of World War II, was placed before be-fore congress. It was designed to rally the nation from an atomic attack at-tack and enable it to strike back swiftly and destroy the aggressor. W. Stuart Symington, chairman of the national security resources board which drafted the plan, said the program was needed because for the first time since the war of 1812 "an enemy has the power to attack our cities, and for the first time in our history that attack may come suddenly, with little or no warning." The board's report said, "Granted "Grant-ed a few minutes' warning, casualties cas-ualties could be reduced by over 50 per cent through proper organization organ-ization and training in civil defense." de-fense." The program outlined a mutual-aid mutual-aid system reaching into every American home and calling for the services of hundreds of thousands of paid and unpaid workers at the federal, state, and local levels. CONTRACTOR: Tape Was Too Long On the lighter side of the news, Michael O'Malley,, a Chicago masonry ma-sonry contractor, sued F. W. Wool-worth Wool-worth company and the Waterbury Lock & Specialty company for $20,-000 $20,-000 for selling him a rule that was one foot too long. O'Malley claimed the extra foot caused him to build several garages ga-rages and a house a foot too big and he is being sued for not filling his contract. SPYING: Slack Admits Guilt -Alfred Dean Slack, a former chemist at a Syracuse, N.Y., plant, admitted in federal court at Greenville, Green-ville, Term., he was guilty of wartime war-time spying for Soviet Russia. . Slack said he supplied Russian agents with a sample of RDX, a high explosive, and the formula for its manufacture. U. S. attorney James M. Meek told the court there were "extenuating "exten-uating circumstances" in Slack's favor and recommended a 10-year prison sentence. Meek told the court how Harry Gold, a Philadelphia biochemist now awaiting trial on espionage charges, made contact with Slack and asked him to obtain details of the manufacture of RDX. Slack reportedly isfused three times to give Gold the information, but when threatened with exposure as a "Soviet spy", obtained a sample of the explosive and the formula, and turned them over to Gold. JAPAN: Ready for Treaty Since the end of the shooting war progress toward a Japanese peace treaty has been blocked because the big powers were divided over what the treaty should be and the procedure for drafting it. Now, however, the United States has announced it is ready for a treaty and the state department representative John Foster Dulles instructed to begin "informal discussions." seemed to be that it was premature prema-ture to agree immediately on the principle of eventual German rearmament. re-armament. That attitude was understandable un-derstandable in that France had not forgotten, or is likely to forget. World War I or World War II, sparked by German aggression. Observers said that there was a possibility that the foreign ministers minis-ters might come to some sort of agreement in principle among themselves, though it might not be announced publicly. The ministers discussed a broad range of urgent problems. A communique com-munique issued by the three said they were fully agreed that the most urgent problem was that of strengthening the defenses of the free world both in Europe and in Asia and were equally agreed that immediate effective steps must be taken to that end. That, perhaps, was a true indication indi-cation of the atmosphere in which the ministers worked; It was not a question of what had to be done, but the best way to accomplish it. Follow Through A second, offensive against communism com-munism began shortly after the invasion of North Korea with the Voice of America beaming broadcasts broad-casts to the far east describing the exploit. Factual reports of the daring maneuvers topped all broadcasts to the far east and near east and shared first attention with the foreign for-eign ministers meeting in broadcasts broad-casts to Europe. |
