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Show Explanation of i european crisis i is hardjo find Lplomats and Observers Unable to Understand the Attitude I of Austria. Recently strong for peace le,n. Berchtold, Only Few Weeks K Bitterly Criticized the War parly, and HI. Change of I Front Has Not as Yet Been Explained. -ronfusion worao confounded" 1b the . DhrMo that aptly characterizes the K., situation In Europe. The leading KriMPCH and the most experienced Eierven nro uimblo to agree on any Epianatlon of the crlslH. And the rea-Hoo rea-Hoo It not far to seek. only a few wceka ago the foreign Hnlnlitcr of Austria, Count Horchtold, Ku earnestly defending the paclllc Whi moderate policy ho had been pur-King pur-King toward tho Ilalkana and Itustda Berchtold for Peace. I In a epcecli to tho delognles at Hilda Best h vigorously answered crltlclsmB Kf ipokeamen of the wnr party, parti-culirly parti-culirly a delegate who waa sup-poted sup-poted to bo expressing the sentiments )( the then heir presumptive, tho late ArchiMe 'ranz Ferdinand. Count Bcerchtold spoke of tho aged emperor's ilnceieand resoluto devotion to peace. Bbe gTe arguments of his own, more-over, more-over, In support of a policy of patience Bud peace. Feared Loss of Prestige. The frankness and directness of that ipeech Impressed ever body except those who feared that Austria might be accused of timidity and weakness. eight he misunderstood and In cotiso-Mqaence cotiso-Mqaence might logo political and mill-Burr mill-Burr prestige There were some among these who thought, moreover, that Russia, whose rpcuperatlvo power was wonderful uliterer might be said of Its efficiency ud actual strength when pitted mlnst a more civilized and free pow-ir-was getting too mighty nnd too confident, and was enjoying too much opportunity for rehabilitation and con-Mlldatlon con-Mlldatlon of Its financial and military-UTtl military-UTtl resources. , These vaguely favored a hold and argresshe policy even at the risk of ar, which had better come sooner than later, they held. Sweden Takes Up Cry, Hat Count llcrchtold's vlow pro-ulled pro-ulled for tho moment and excellent observers concluded that Austria, at ur rate, was not going to add to the troubles, complications, and dangers of Europe by tempting fortune. At that very moment Sweden was wltedly (ilscusflng "the Russian pr!l" and demanding new measures of Mense, while a section of the Our-nan Our-nan prosi was pointing to the "hear Hat walks like a man" as tho foo to reckon with In the near future Yet the peace of Kurapp Is broken rot by lluhsla not by n Halkan power 'ftlrous of revising the settlement lapoeed by Rnumnnln and the concert tf Europe at tho HiichnroM conference. b hy Austria, and seemingly under '"cunt Itcrclitold's direction. What has happened In tho short In lenal' If pence was necossnrv ami tolrabte to Austria-Hungary n few wki ago, wiij wnr inevitable to Tn understand the situation It Is es-llal es-llal to dlitlngulsh between glitter-!'R glitter-!'R Wneralltles. faneimi nhplratlnns. nerature and rhetoric, on the one 'aild. and hard grim, concrete, facts n the other It 8 essential to know ! the conflict Is not It Is not a " Heen Teuton nnd Slav. It Is ' a r between ti,p pan.derman Mid p,rt (11l tin. I'iimsI.iv world , , ," " ' "" tor Mil preservn- 10of Hap r, ,nrrV 'eve is Antl-Aiiitrlan. w I'antiermati movement Is untl-"m"n untl-"m"n ntid cannot fall to be ho The fM" " Mi.it movement would de Au-trta as n political olltv Tll( ''',W'Xl1(.,,,tHlllvnlimiloln i! !n'1 "imdliited by respond ien.?Kn -"""""' . lill'PH of Z :,' , " """-'.e,.anre a or the 1 " ' n. InhnriMl 'An-Ffij '"'" ni"' llwiii,ainiiu' 'anifMM!'"4 m"v,,"",nt In Rucsla Is Saa,"I,1A;,str",n- "" " "H n . A nMc "on lo the Paclllc 'nfeM " of 'Slnv l,"l0 or '"''"'TMimiiy of Russia. Ptt. In,er"tln Servla. neT" '8- h"v-r. in a II... teanle"mn,,,1''ahly In evidence In Meneg :' ""'r'sM servla oftpn ii . "'" c'z"rH ministers l'red In the llnlkans nnd havo at times caused estrangement, estrange-ment, gravitation toward (iermany, bitter feeling against Russia. Ilut tho blunders were personal blunders of bungling politicians. Russia has nl-ways nl-ways posed and often acted as tho patron, pa-tron, friend, nnd protector of tho Slavs everywhere, and especially of tho Halkan Hal-kan Slavs. It has had and still has Its eyo on Its "estate In reversion," Constantinople, nnd It cannot hope to plant Its flag there without the consent nnd support of tho Halkan Slavs. It Is good "Pan-Slavism" to support Servla. Ser-vla. Hut In facing Austria. Russia confronts con-fronts not a German power, but n power pow-er that Is Itself largely Slav. Slav will thus bo lighting Slav and the Germans, Ger-mans, whatever their colors, will bo fighting for Slnvs nnd with other Slnvs and postponing the realization of tho Pan-German ambitions nnd dreams. Jealousy a Great Factor. Here, then. Is a strange paradox, hut not the oul paradox In a situation full of miopmiIIo iinonialleB Inseparable Insepara-ble from thu veiy nature and complexion complex-ion of uui) Austro-Hiingnrlan einplro. an empire, to repent, that has been held together quite t i much by thu Jealousies and differences of outsiders as by the dynnBtlc anil personal Influence In-fluence of the Hnpsburgs If Austria cannot and does not rop went Girnian Interests and German eulM.re In this tight, what Is It lighting for? PanServlnii notation did not endanger its eUstetico, while tho wnr doeH. Its own Slav elements nt no time dlsplned an Inclination to exchange ex-change Its rule for that of the cnr. although they were not averse to using us-ing Pnu-Slav simians In order to securo bett- representation and larger recog- nltK ). Danger to Dual Monarchy. The opinion of the soundest students of politics Iiiih long been that If Aus-tila-llungnr was to be prosered. only a policy of penco. liberalism, greater autonomy, and home rule, conciliation of the various races and elements by reform measures, political and social, coiifilned the promise of such preservation preser-vation The wnr actuillv endangers the existence ex-istence of the dual monnrchy. for ncldo from the chances of defeat and dlsns ter. there Is the fact that the Sla nib Jects of the emperor cannot svtnpa-thle svtnpa-thle with It The separatist and ?r-tlculnrlsl ?r-tlculnrlsl tendencies feared b the court and government can only he deepened and strengthened h) the con-lllct. con-lllct. , , . The nrnv and nnvv ma be loyii nnd obedient, as many assert. Tho tirnn and nv "lay be "Austrian li tho nation Is not. Hut popular sentl-meiu sentl-meiu Is a potent factor In wnr and populer sentiment ninnng the Austrian nnd Hungarian Slavs does out fnwu fratricidal strife? No wonder the Intelligent worl Is puz7le, and utterly at loss to explain Austria's courso |