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Show lllmm 4mm mm S4 mpmm Xpri AcSJP frN 1 ifptecei, ft I i' Mil'" : l , -r r I I 1 i x M v H l r " ' I A7uv- ymo'i&TTigJwm&js f jcgF a r . , ,0jr- ,T- the people, shall not perish from the earth." As pJc-oi CPs&'Enlls he sat down there "'as hut very "little applause t(tv -mUi fb-'Z (rJ "fjT" gWg5c? ?Sg5Tjzpf j IPp and that was apparently for the President and not p- fowsrMtfr- "25"35-J. r"r tllp "'(irds he had uttered. "People were dis- . . i , -t c r-A. gggl appointed." says Doctor Barton, "After F.verett's PL P&U Av, - oration the President's speech seemed almost no Jrim P& ,, . - --Sjsj Jp? speed at all. . . That night they told of -Sg- hearing Everett and of seeing the President. S$-&sA&' iE r luciileiiially some of them mentioned that the . 4 cjC President had utlered a few remarks; yes. they JfarTK If. IK ' '. "''' hurt heard the President. But while they were " "T .-:Mrii' glad to have heard him. not many of them at the Mroi352- -- - time said very mnrh about the President's GTTYS3UR? ' AZWJZiiJJ or record about it. And yet there prevails a spee n very considerable uncertainly about nearly every l.amon has recorded that Lincoln called the (Pictures trom Barton's "Lincoln at Gettysburg," cour- delail of that address" speech "a Hat failure." and added after he re- te.y, Bobbs-Merrill Company.) . nc ln(J( (, W,lahirl;ton : fP ynu. flllt speech fell the people, shall not perisli from the earth." As he sat down there was hut very little applause and thai was apparently for the President and not for the words he had uttered. "People were disappointed," dis-appointed," says Doctor Barton, "After Everett's oration the President's speech seemed almost no speech at all. . . That night they told of hearing Everett and of seeing the President, liicidt'iiially some of them mentioned that the President had utlered a few remarks; yes. they had heard I be President. But while they were glad to have heard him. nol many of them at the time said very much about the President's speech " I .anion has recorded thai Lincoln called the speech "a Hal failure." and added after he returned re-turned lo Washington: "1 tell you. that speech fell on Hie audience like a wet blanket. I am distressed dis-tressed about it. I ought to have prepared U with more care." Nor did lhe speech make much more impression impres-sion upon Hie country as a whole than it did upon those who heard it. Only one or two newspapers pronounced it good and must papers ignored it. rellecting somewhat the allilude of the Harris-burg Harris-burg I'alriui and Union, t remained for a later general ion to appreciate Hie greatness of its sim plh ity A few saw its merits early and the con grnl illations of Everett and the request that a manuscript copy he bound with his ami sold at the New York Snnilur.v fair sel Lincoln al the task of pulling ii in the form in which lie wished lie had delivered it. In all. five new copies were made for "di ITerent purposes and slight changes brought the Address into lhe final form in which it is now known to the world-. L'7'2 words, of which 204 are ot seven or less letters and of a single syllable and 220 of A nglo Saxon deri vat ion. In comparing lhe wording in the different copies, cop-ies, 'Doctor liarton has discovered thai Lincoln oniilled the word "pour" in "our poor power," when he spoke; also omitted il in his second copy, and wrote ii in above the line. The phrase "of the people, by the people, and for the people." was used by Theodore Parker in speeches in Boston Bos-ton which Lincoln read in Springfield, and which he underlined. It also occurs, with slight modifications, modifi-cations, in Webster's reply to lla.vne (IS-'iO) which Lincoln studied in preparation for his first inaugural. inau-gural. The phrase "under God' seems to have been put into the text by Lincoln as he spoke, for II does not occur in tiie two rough drafts made before his speech, in which he said, "we here highly resolve re-solve that lhe Nation shall have a new birth of freedom." Doctor I'.arton has traced this direct to Lincoln's earlier reading, his "stock of phraseology." phrase-ology." The phrase "under find." even in association asso-ciation with nation is used by none other than Parson Weoins. and by no one else that Lincoln read. Lincoln read W'eem's Washington as a boy. look him seriously and digested lhe book thoroughly. thor-oughly. In lhe final manuscript (owned by V. J. A. I'.Iiss) there is no "and" in file famous conclusion, conclu-sion, "of the people, by the people, for the people." peo-ple." This draft, in lhe words of Doctor Barton, is what Lincoln wished he had said His actual words were slightly different. But so confused are some ot Hie authorities that during the ("oolidge administ rat inn an organization left a tablet w-ilh the Cel lysburg Address on il al Hie While House. It contained, says Doclor Barton, only 2.S errors. In some respects. Lincoln shares with lhe liar-rishurg liar-rishurg editorial writer in being a very poor prophet. Lor. as Doctor Burl on has . observed. "Abraham Lincoln said al Gettysburg. 'The world will little note nor long remember whal we say here, lull il can never forget whal I hey did here, lie was never more mistaken in all his life. The men who fought on that red field did more than they knew while they were fight ing; more than I hey in lerslood aflei ihey had won Hie vktory. They did more even than Lincoln realized four niotiibs later as he stood on the spot und paid tribute to their sacrifice. "But memorable as were the deeds I hey wrought there, the world will longei remember the Words lie spoke there. The Heilyslnirg Address will he piTiiieil and recited and translated and cast in durable, bronze Imi alter it shall have become ne.essar lo append fooinoies lo explain thai Cet-t Cet-t -' of was poll her a halite in the Revolutionary n-hi vomoH here amid the poppies of iCj li W -lern N -wimui-'r UdIuq.) of record about it. And yet there prevails a very considerable uncertainty about nearly every delail of that address" It was no small feal for Doctor Barton to accomplish ac-complish to reconcile all these contradictions and to give an account of the events of thai historic day which probably comes as close to the Irulh as can ever lie done. Lincoln bad desired to go to Gettysburg, ever since the hallle because he believed that Meade had failed lo lake advantage of an opportunity to crush Lee and end the win then and there, and he wanted to see if his belief was correel Then, too. a political quarrel between Republican lead ers in Pennsylvania might be healed by a visit to that stale from the President. He bad not been formally inched to attend the ceremonies which were arranged for Hie dedication of the i-pan-iery there, lie did not receive the written invitation which was sent to Edward Everett, who liad been chosen as the oraloi tot lhe occasion, occa-sion, and to others. His only invitation was a primed circular sent out generally and "when Mr. Wills informed his fellow officials of Mr Lincoln's acceptance, that group was very greatly surprised sur-prised and they cannot be saiil to have been overjoyed." over-joyed." So their decision to ask Lincoln "to set apart formally these grounds lo their sacred use by a few appropriate remarks after the oration" ""was an afterthought. Lincoln evidently gave some thought us to whal he would say from lhe time he accepted the invitation, invi-tation, for 'ideas and expressions Hint were 'o be found in bis Address appear in vague form in Ids , Fourth of .Inly speech of that year, lie wrole a part of his first draft some time before he went to Getlyshurg and finished it that night at t he home of Mr. Wills. He carried il over to Mr. Seward before be retired and copied if in the morning to serve as the manuscript which he held in bis hand while speaking. in H.e parade to the cemetery Lincoln was dressed in black, wore a tall hat and white gauntlets. gaunt-lets. He was mounted on a burse and at first he sat erect, hut as the procession moved on his body moved forward, his arms hung limp and his head was bent The appearance ot the President of fbe Llniled Slates in this procession was scarcely scarce-ly one which con Id be called distinguished''! Nor was his appearance while making Hie speech itselt one which Impressed the crowd greatly. Edward Everett bad studied his speech carefully care-fully and was prepared to make the oratorical effort of bis lifetime, lie was the ideal American orator commanding in appearance, precise in utterance ut-terance and having a rare gift of eloquence eloquence elo-quence in lhe terms of the wordy forensics in which the people of that lime seemed to find delight. de-light. For an hour and o2 minutes the crowd lis lened to "the flowing sentences of Everett, pulsating pulsat-ing likc'tbe endless tides of the sea." There is no doubt that bis audience was much impressed. There is no doubt also that il was worn out with his long w itideihu'ss. So when Lincoln arose to speak his hearers were dully rei-epiive. Lincoln started bis speech in a high pitched voice w-hich he always used to make people hear. The impression on his audience is well described by one of those who heard him. quoted in Doctor Barton's book. S. S. Warnei of Ohio tolls of bis surprise at Lincoln's Fentuckian intonation: "1 remember especially Hie long 'o' in his proposition prop-osition 'to.' He said Vieiiicatod toe the proposition.' proposi-tion.' 'we have loiut lot dedicate a portion ol that field.' My next feelinc was one of complete surprise at his stopping. II seemed lo me. and I think lo lhe audience generally, that he had just begun, i sli'Uihl ss; that he stopped before bis audience was ir, fid; sympathy with him. before lli- Mid giil past noticing Hie little oddi ties. . . ." Ir i.-'SS than t !---"- minutes after Lincoln had hegi:r! fo Speak la !:-i coilcimied will, tiii- i'lOiM'r tal "government ol lin people. b 'he people, fm By ELMO SCOTT WATSON ' I 1 IIKEIC score and seven years ago a f tall, gaunt American stood upon a platform overlooking a bnltlelield V and in a high pitched, thin voice de- FjM, . livered a speech of exactly 272 jjI'jSjV words. The day was November I!), ',vjly ISO.'!; the man was Abraham Lincoln; :Jra'n5y the place was Gellyshurg. Pa; and Jcm'I lhe speech was lhe Gettysburg A""rt,ss- I"L' resl1" tllal speech was to xMsi determine the man who undoiibl edly Ic may fairly be called "the world's J tS worst prophet." I lis name is fm-gol len. it it was ever known, hill he was the editorial writer on the I larrisburg (Pa) Pal riot and Union who said of the speech: "The President Presi-dent succeeded on this occasion because he in-led without sense and without constraint in a panorama pano-rama that was gotten up more for the benefit of his party than for the glory of the nation and the honor of the dead. We pass ovot the Silly remarks of the President; for lhe credit of the 'nation we are willing Hint the veil ot oblivion Shall be dropped over them and that they shall no more be repealed or thought of." Fifty years later Lord Cnrzon of England, in a lecture at the University ol Cambridge, said: "1 escape lhe task of deciding which is the masterpiece master-piece of modern English eloquence by awarding the prize to an American. The Gettysburg Address Ad-dress Is far more than a pleasing piece of occasional occa-sional oratory. It is a marvelous piece of English composition. It is a pure well of English unde tiled. (His words) are among the glories and treasures of mankind." And aunt her Englishman, lord Churnwnod. once rated it as "a classic which will endure as long as lhe English Ian gauge is spoken." And those estimates ot the Gettysburg Address, the ultimate in praise though they may seem to be. are modest indeed compared to other eulogies, uttered in praise of the words which Lincoln utlered. which have run through the whole scale of superlatives. But for all the extravagant praise which has been lavished upon the Gettysburg Address since il was delivenxl li" years ago. there remained one final gesture of appreciation. And now Hint gesture ges-ture has been made. This year witnessed the hitherto unheard ot fact of a 2fvl-page book being devoted exclusively to a 272 word speech! 1'lie book is "Lincoln at Getlyshurg." written by Hie most prolific ot contemporary Lincoln scholars. Pr. William E. Barton, and published by the Bobbs-.Merrill company. Declaring that "the evidence evi-dence Is practically all in We are now ble to assemble it all. to select all that appears to lie significant and to tell the whole story of Lincoln's Lin-coln's speech at Gettysburg" Doctor Barton has said what appears to lie the last word about a historic his-toric event and a historic document. Quite aside from 'he importance of the Gettysburg Speech as nn imperishable treasure ot English literature, the Story of it. as Doctor Barton tells It In ids book, is one of absorbing interest, especially in the way in which it illusl rates out of what materials history his-tory mav tie made For iiroune Ibis historic document there clings an "inia.ing mass of misinformation under circumstances cir-cumstances which add to the uniqueness of the Address. "The Gel ivsliurg Address was one of the tvist 'ousjm'i.ic.us events in Lincoln's entire career." writes Doctor Barton in his foreword to the volume. "It was heard by many thousands of people il was riV'-ried in ail lhe prominent newspapers news-papers of the (o.iiiiiy. It would seem thai it should be very tas; to relate just what he said p.nd bow be said it, and all else that should be |