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Show ' Child-Raisin(This article concludes a ing practices how they are changing.) three-pjr- Latin, African Fight For Survival g: series examin- t around Africa and throughout most . In black of Latin America, hardly anyone worries about the behavior patterns" of the very young. The only real concern is keep them alive. me. stark statistic tells the stor in black Africa: 50 per cent of all children die before they are 5 years old. The parallels between in Africa and Latin America are striking. Though the race Issue is not clear-cuchildren in comparatively undeveloped areas have far less chance of survival. In Brazil, whose problems are typical of all Latin America, half the babies born in the backward regions die at birth. And throughout Brazil, fully 40 per cent of all babies are undernourished during the first three months of their lives. Save for the wealthy and educated minority. most Latin American children get much the same upbringing now that they would have a century ago. Families are, still large, the children receive much more affection and it is expressed much more openly than is the case in Europe. Mothers are more permissive. Children are seldom spanked and they have a substantial degree of freedom within the home. For example, they interrupt ftdult conversations and play noisy games usually without being repri- A single child-raisin- legendary dirt-poo- r northeast country, for example, has a 50 per cent death rate in childbirth. ; Death is by no means the preoccupation of the old in such areas. If anything, it comes more easily to the young, and pediaaccording to Dr. S. trician of the Korle Bu Hospital in Ghana, most youthful fatalities could have been prevented. . In the first five months of life, he says, the main causes of death are related to pregnancy, delivery and poor early, care. Then, as the year advances, babies die of pneumonia, diarrhea, malaria and m any other infections that can be cured in developed countries. And 10(5 ' per 1,000. not, however, only the white It-i- s ex- - " & Ofosu-Amaa- thp older child dies chiefly of infections that become more dangerous because of poor .nutrition. Of1 course, the basic killer is the condition that makes black African children so vulnerable to disease malnutrition. Its most familiar form is Kwashiorkor, a protein-calori- e deficiency that produces the visual horrors little sv P.en bellies, that can bulbous eyes, twig-lik- e legs be seen in virtually every African village and township. All this is part of the heritage of colonialism, for in the while enclaves of the continent, health care for the young is as advanced as in tne U,S, and Western Europe. The infant mortality rate for whites in tlie Union of South Africa is 28 per 1,000. For blacks in the southwestern Bantu townships of Johannesburg, it is nearly ::- Wt r Nigerian children play ' ' . at an African nursery In poverty-stricke- n Malawi, for example, mothers withhold eggs from babies in the belief they cause impotence and or diarrhea in later life. Pregnant women in Ghana often weaken themselves and their babies by refusing to eat snails, monkeys and occasionally other meats out of fear their children will acquire the habits of such animals. Age-olcustoms also play their part in undermining child health. All over the continent, women have always weaned their babies overnight. As a result, the child goes off milk one day and on solids the next. But the solids are usually maize, porridge or nowadays even dry flour, and the child suddenly gets no pro d IN WASHINGTON WASHINGTON Kaiparowits River will bring civilization to the desolate desert of southern Utah.; But if rered-roc- k sources corporation lives up to the requirements written, into its contracts with the Inte-r- i o r Department, the big plant will Mr. White not bring civiliza- tions filth to the clean desert air or to the Colorado River itself. 'the plant will add a little salt to the river,, and a little heat, and may occasionally smudge the air, but its operations will he hedged about with the strictest federal controls ever imposed on a conventional steam power plant. .Accoring to air and water pollution experts in government and fishery scientists in Washington, Albuquerque and Phoenix, the big 5 million kilowatt unit piant will have to meet such tight standards that its pollution would be negligible. The, standards are written into the contracts that will be signed on Thursday between the power companies that make up! Resources Corporation and the -- 'Enforcement of those standards by state 'ancT federal officials will in the T determine whether Kaiparowits becomes a clean, unobtrusive dot on the landscape, or a smoke and ash belching minister polluting the main stream of the Cbldrado and casting a murky pall over the nearby Glen Canyon National Recreation Area. The Federal Air Pollution Control Agency, part of the Department of Health, Education, and Wqjfare, advises tfie Interior Department on air pollution from plants like Kaiparowits. The signing of the contracts this week came as a surprise to the air pollution agency, He Didn't g N Z tein at all. The result is malnutrition. Despite the generally tragic conditions, there has been more medical progress in the past decade than in all previous years. Hospitals and welfare clinics have been set up in every country, and there have even been heroic efforts to bring relatively modern medical methods to villages deep in the bush. But money is scarce, and so is trained personnel. Also, there has been what is now widely recognized as a mistaken tendency to channel the limited funds into curative rather than preventive medicine. Even now, Malawi's largest and hospital has neither a center nor a pediatrician. And as is the case in many other countries, most of the welfare work is carried out Bv HARRY JONES Everyone lias lost a hat at one time by misplacing it, leaving it someplace, or having it snatched by k guy with a similar head size. But it must be some sort of a record outside of a haberdashery for Max Rich, the head man over at the Chamber of Commerce in our beautiful City of Salt. Max lost more than ft couple of dozen headpieces all at once the other day. The hats are more of a sentimental bit than anything else. They are hats' that Max has worn in his varied positions or at some historic event where he played a part. They include his helmet and liner when he was a two-stgeneral. There are some hard hats representing some important building projects, a miner's hat . . . hats of that nature. Each has a story. Max had them lined up on the wall of his office. Then over the weeknd someone gathered up the whole or another child-welfa- re which had not been consulted recently on the plant. There are no federal standards on power plant emissions, but the air pollution agency, during earlier consultations, required precipitators that should be able to take out 96 per cent of the fly ash and other pollutants. When the Des- ert News informed the air pollution control agency that the final contracts were about to be signed, agency officials expressed disappointment that they had not been brought into the final Kaiparowits negotiations. More modern precipitators, developed since the original consultations and capable of removing 99 per cent, could then have been required. The stricter controls could be instituted later, but, air pollution people point out, it would be cheaper to build the better precipatators while the plant is being designed rather than to add them ten years from now. Water pollution from a power plant like Kaiparowtis involves both chemical products and heat. The former are not considered to be difficult to overcome, though there may be some salinity increase because of the evaporation of vast amounts of water. Up to 102,000 acre feet of river water are authorized for the plant. That naturally slightly saline water will be reduced to a few thousand acre feet by the time it is turned back to the river and it will then carry the full salt content, in high concentration, with it. In addition, the power plant operation may add some sulfates as well as particles and ash washed cut of the exhaust equipment. gases by the Depending upon the quantities involved, they might pose a water pollution problem. Control of the sulfates and the ash is still uncertain, partly because such substances were not considered a problem when the federal pollution act wa, passed four years ago. The salinity, expected to be low, would be much lower than return flows from many irrigation projects along the river. It would not be much of a problem to man, nor to fish, which tolerate quite a bit' of salt fairly well. The salinity would be anotherincre-men- t in a problem that affects the river from Wyoming to Mexico, where the stream becomes so salty .it occasionally becomes worthless to the Mexican farmers along the lower river. Thermal pollution of the Colorado by the Kaiparowits plant might seem at first glance to be critical problem, but, surprisingly, it may be no problem at all. Utah pollution standards approved by the Interior Department under the 1965 act, allow a four degree Farenheit temperature increase with a maximum not to exceed 80 degrees. Officials charged with setting environmental standards call the four degree limit a reasonable maximum and it seems unlikely that the Kaiparowits plant would even approach it. The temperture increase is important because trout and other salmonide species do not do well at temperatures above 65 degrees Farenheit. Bass and lake fish can get along in water as warm as 90 degrees, according to federal fish biologists. But the dam at Glen Canyon lowered the average water temperature to 53 degrees by increasing the depth in the reservoir. Dissolved oxygen in Lake Powell at the lower levels is below river percentages, but the reservoir has preserved trout habitat quite well, accordirg to Howard Bassett, an Arizona State fish- ery expert. A clearer definition of standards for sulfate, ash, and saline pollution is going to be required, but a good start has been made. The utilities and the federal government have set high requirements standards. What is going to be the key to a decent environment for southern Utah is the enforcement of those standards, by the U.S. and by the state. Yet wherever there are clinics and where the new methods have been adethe women are alquately implanted most heartbreakingly eager for help. In the Kikuyu highlands of Kenya, mothers w ork all day in the fields for three shillings, then walk miles to a clinic and pay one shilling for .treatment for their collection geoning population. Brazil, which had 17 million people in 1900, will reach the 100 million mark next year. Medical services and food supplies cannot begin to keep up. More will have to be clone by everybody, says Dr. Rinaldo De Lamare, author of Brazil's most popular baby-car- e book. The government, the church, volunteer social workers, all of us will have to pitch in. Or else Latin America is going to become another India. Perhaps it already is. babies. Still, there remain problems of communications. Mrs. Augustra Karanja, who heads one such clinic, tells of a Kikuyu mother whose baby girl lost weight between her regular monthly visits. The reason was that the baby had caught measles and the mother had decided to treat her in the traditional way: pouring Nwwl( C1M End e r ar manded. It is common for wot king mothers to use the government-supporteclinics for their own illnesses, though many insist on taking their babies to private clinics, where they feel the service is better. But whatever progress has been made has been wiped out by the areas bur- by the Red Cross, church missions and international agencies like UNICEF, WHO and CARE. Head Lose d ploiter who is to blame for infant mortality. The ignorance and superstition of the blacks takes a terrible toll. By GORDON ELIOT WHITE Deseret News Washington Correspondent partments M i school. Kaiparowits Pollution Negligible The Interior Defor the $600 million power plant on the Colorado Its Wonder t, In the undeveloped parts of Latin America, conditions are often no better. Brazil's 1969 1, tmn aiEj It was hard to be angry with her," says Mrs. Karan ja, who is herself a Kikuyu. When 1 had measles as a child, that was the way my mother treated to A7 October Wednesday, pornbe (a potent native beer) down the baby's throat, then bathing her in pom-be- , then covering her in earth from a molehill. Somehow the babv survived. tie world ard By JOHN BARNES 1 DESERET NEWS of beanies and left a bare wail. The chamber is moving over to Regent South plush Max would have thought that the hats had just been Mr. Jones-thpacked away by Bekins bunch, who are assig d to the moving, but for the graffiti on the wall. It said something about the phantom striking. (If you see a phantom with an assortment of hats, please call the Pasture Service Series MUSICAL WHIRL i . . chamber.) Max who know are rallying , People around him. They are sending him old . hats in an attempt to cheer him up, If you have an unusual headpiece, you might consider giving it to Max. : Its not the first time that the cham-- 1 By HAROLD LUNDSTROM Why is this? Why cant thev just read, : hat. with a look, or listen, like or not like, and let her has had some trouble Deseret News Music Editor Cal Gov. two About Rampton ago, years art take care of self? As eventually, of d at some was speaking At the root of our QUOTABLE course, it always does. acci- And eiiher by meeting. esthetic troubles, in America and Great (The Expanding Arts: Can Fun Be dent or out and out theft, someone took j Britain, lies Europe, and in Europe the Serious? by Bruce Cook. The National the states top mans topper, it was a Observer. September 15, 1969.) 19th Century. The job with a stylish cut. Europe from which At the close of APPOGGIATURAS The night he lost it, Cal said the hat , " our conventional the 1968-7season, Donald Johanos will cost $10. . j 'i and fashionable of of the music director leave his post He just didn't think that his speech notions of culture Dallas Symphony to become the orchewas so bad that someone would steal his derive is no more. stras "conductor emeritus. In his new hat just to get revenge. The new culBut the worst is the inflationary part. capacity, he will serve the Dallas Sym' ture is American, phony as artistic adviser and guest conEverytime the governor mentions the hat ' even in Europe; ductor through the 1972-7- 3 season . . . in public to put over a point, he jumps ; ; and its art is so Four pianists from the USA and Ja- the price a little. The $10 hat is now offensive to those n worth in the neighborhood of $100. If it, pan opened the program of the Van of traditional Eu-- r International Piano Competition in gets much higher, Cal will have ' to ' ; Fort Worth, Texas, Monday. William change the felt to mink. ope an cultural ' and they dominate the culorientation Cal his to S.C., doesnt III, began Orangeburg, Actually, expect get that Frampton tural Establishment everywhere All the hat back, but it does give him something the day with the, required pieces. it is dismissed as uncultured, commercontestants are required to play Sch- to heckle Max about. And he does! i cial, and popular. umanns and Dello Etude Symphonies Max once thought of buying Gov. Cal Henry Pleasants wrote that in the Joios Capriccio on the Interval of a a new hat for his head, just to keep Cal , will play most important book on art any sort of Second. Twelve off his back. But the price soared. I menand the six finalists will perart published in some time, Serious October tion this just to point out how seriously The winner will be inflation r r hurt a guy. Music and All That Jazz! The fact that form October he was talking about music, for the most named that day and receive the first Anyway, Max has done more than part, makes his generalizations no less prize of $10,000, plus an invitation to play just make speeches like Cal. Hes gone to with half a dozen major symphony orvalid for literature. a sup with his problem. Hes ' chestras . . . He argues for American music put Chief of Police Dewey Fillis on the Professor Clarence Bushman will trail. jazz, rock, pop as the new serious music, and he maintains that it would be teach a recorder flute course at BYU And do you know where the trail is recognized as much if the inflated no- beginning October 6 that will continue to leading . . . without getting into a law- -' tions of the 19th Century were not so December 8. The weekly classes will suit? meet each Monday; the beginners at 6 widely accepted today. Up on Capitol Hill near the governor's . p.m. and the intermediate course at 7 office ! Art is a mystery, and the great artist p.rn.. in the Harris Fine Arts Center. Fee is a genius passionately inspired to truthfor the course is $15. This opportunity are the blood these wisdom End and telling ought to attract recorder buffs from far going assumptions in literary as well as and near. Professor Bushman is also There's a lot of violence at one of snr musical criticism. all recorder players who would movie houses. Its not the film, but at the inviting What is art, then? What is the artist? like to become charter members of a box office. Thats how bad the picture is. Again quoting Mr. Pleasants: Utah Recorder Society to write him at: . ? Art is no more a profession than exKarris Fine Arts Center, BYU, Procellence is a profession, or mediocrity. vo, Utah 84601 . . . It is a distinction, the name we give to The Utah Valley Community Symmua superior craft of communication phony Orchestra and its music director sic, painting, theater, literature, etc., and and conductor, Glenn Williams, will open the artist is, or should be, the master their season October 29. Dr, Reid Nib-lecraftsman. now back on the BYU faculty, will i ConIt is usually those who care least about be the guest soloist in Chopin's certo for Piano and Orchestra. The proart who talk most about it and are determined to uphold its standards. They gram will also include Tchaikovsky's Romeo and Juliet Fantasy Overture, frown a lot and act displeased ; they are and Bartok's Hungarian Sketches . . . very rarely entertained. , Can 'Fun' Be Serious? r chamber-sponsore- fr-t-f - 0 semi-finalis- 6-- 10-1- . Wits BIG TALK y, t Life With Jackie: Language Lessons And Clothes , Clothes (This Is the 10th article in a series what it was tike to work for Jacoueline by her. former personal secretary. that tells Kennedy, By MARY BARELLI GALLAGHER I could never tell which of Jackie s nfbods to expect next. -- One day, she would be exasperated because an unopened box of gifts from an Ivory Coast dignitary hung around for three days until someone finally gave it to George (the President's valet). - The next, she was ordering dust for which she had read about in eyelashes, a'newspaper article. And the next, she was going full with language records as speed-aheasession iti Spanish, pre-p- a of cram a part to a trip to Mexico, and practic'atory ing uit Provi, her personal maid. Then it would be back to clothes, clothes, clothes. They would be so photographed and inspected around the world that Jackie felt she could not wear them again. So she made an arrangement with Oleg Cassini, to select her clothes for her t hi could keep them in Jtjexican trip,-bud his collection, and she would return some them to him. of All spring and summer of 1962. Cassini would be making sure that the right clothes got on the right plane at the right to be bound for Washington time met by a White House car. For' Brazil, Jackie wanted pink brocade; for. Mexico, the green Gazar dress and coat with a hat in matching flat, shiny straw. There were countless odds and ends of things that season, concerning clothes and the logistics of deliveries. A check went to Lee for $175 for something bilC had picked up for Jackie; Cassini clothes had been put on an American Airlines plane at 1:30 by the flight manager at LaGuardia; Bergdorf was sending a collection to Glen Ora so they could be tried on there .one Saturday. The heavens it simply seemed to have opened up rained clothes! One of my diary entries: June 2, 1962: (Saturday) Huge collection of clothing arrived from Oleg Cassini JFK called to W.H. As she tried on each and every model, she would ask botli JFK and me for opinions and-o- r suggestions. Stepping from each as it dropped to the floor to be swooped up by Provi and put on its hanger again. JFK dictated her likes, dislikes, particular preferences. I took pages and pages of corresponding notes on each particular design by number and description, with added innovations showing her individual iaste in textures, colors, and styles. September, 1963, was a particularly busy month for me, helping Jackie prepare for her Mediterranean cruise with Lee and Stash Radziwell aboard the Giristina, Aristotle Onasis yacht. Also aboard would be Mr. and Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt Jr. It was, from all I could gather, a fantastic experience for Jackie, who not only loved the sea with a passion, but loved ancient artifacts. This trip combined both. I was not surprised to read thafceven though she seemed as carefree as a beachcomber, there were not one but two hairdressers on board ship. I recall that when she got back, site asked me to record Aristotle Onassis's on winter address in my address book Avenue Foch in Paris and also his address in Athens on Vasileous Georgious-GlyfadI mailed a letter to his Athens address. Among my bits and pieces of notes to myself from White House days, I see one dated that says, Big cigarette box Mr. Onassis, and under it is the name, Nomikos. (But what the latter name means, I do not know.) The following month. I gave Provi a massage to send to Atoka, tiie President's country home, one Gt ek rug for JFK's room as well as two other large rugs that had also come from Greece. But even before the trip to Greece, Jackie wanted Evelyn Lincoln to tell the President to bring up with him the model a. ships given to him by Onassis. We were up at the Cape at the time, and the President was coming for the week- - whaling end. I was also to tell Evelyn to remind the President to write Onassis and thank him for the models. As fate would have it. I did see Onassis once at the White House. He was among the many Kennedy friends who stopped by to comfort Jackie during the weekend of John F. Kennedys funeral. I was in the sitting room of the family quarters, talking with Provi, when I looked up and saw Mrs. Kennedy walking down the Center Hall on the arm of a gentleman whom I did not recognize at the time. I asked Provi, Who is that? Provi seemed rather surprised that I didn't already know. Oh, Mees Gallaga, that's Onassee, the millionaire, she said softly. You mean you Onassee? To me, he was just addresses. Next : Jackies dont know Meest-e- r :) 1969 by - H ' i surf "My son went to two years of . . . eight years of elementary . . . four years of high school . . . four years of college . . . twr years of work to learn to grow a pre-scho- post-gradua- a name. With two children and Dallas. Mary barelH Galiaqher and Frances Spatz Lighten From "My Life With Jdoueiine Kennedy," published by David McKay Co.rlnc. Distributed bv Syndicate Copyright t' i ... beard and go barefoot." From photos faked for the Destrof hows popular gaily Birthday feature. IIWIil!llllllllillllllll!l!li!ll!ltl!inl!!!llll!; nniiiiiurt |