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Show Page 2—THE HERALD. Provo, Utah, Tuesday, January 1, 1280 lran Struggle Misunderstood By ROD COLLETT Herald Staff Re; Manyforeign and American diplomats are not fully understanding the roleof nationalism in the tense international struggle of nerves between President Jimmy Carter and the Ayatollah Khomeini, according to a BYU professor who spent six months on the Russian-lranian border on a state dey Dr. David it assignment. Montgomery, Associate profes- sor of history and coordinator of the near eastern studies program ai BYU said in a Herald interview that many of the followers of the Ayatollah, such as the students who hold the U.S. Embassy in Tehran, have an intense nationalism or feeling Khomeini government in Tehran that unless some are made,“disturbanceswill continue, tensions will increase, people will start to kili each other and civil war will take place.” While many people in this country consider Khomeinia reli fanatic, Dr. Montgomery said that by standards of the Moslem society, and by virtue of his religious scholarshipand piety the Ayatollahis no “crook or fanatic. “Khomeini is the kind of man who views the world differently than we do in the west and U.S. governmentofficials realize that he is the rallying point for many of the common people in Iran," he said. for their own country. Hesaid, however, that Khomeiniis the kind of ruler who has put the Moslem (Islam) religion on stage for the world to view and has madeit the themefor his revolution which has not been confined to the borders of Iran. “For example, the students who hold the U.S meer are Iranians who just happen to be Moslem and manyofficials are overestimating the influenceofreligion in this matter,”’ he said. “But we should not e any mistake about the fact that Khomeini is a religious leader who has used the Moslem religion in Iran to push through a referendum lacing him at the head of the governmentfor liee” he said. “There is a si rellges factor in the crisis in Iran,” he remai ‘Butreligion is more of asvpsiod than an pony‘for most of these people of these individuals who are taking ~ the in revolution could very well be jackmosiems,” he stat Dr. Montgomery indicated that Khomeini has been a brilliant stragist in mobilizing the masses behind the bannerof religion in trying to win his repeals on the many forms of westernization that the Shah had previously instituted. “It is an established fact that many of the groups in Iran are very secular or modernized in their outlook on life and religion which whyit is very hard to judge what kind of le are the hostages at the U.S. embassy.” “In Iran, we have seen religion and nationalism highly entwined in people’s lives as the ame has unfolded in Tehran,” he said. r. Montgomery says another factor to consideriin the final outcome of the hostage situation is the rival Ayatullah Kazem Shcrietmadari, who has thousands of followers in the Azerbaljan region of northern Iran. cond: lemed lack of self-rule for the Azerbaijanis’ and has warned the “T would even say that some factions in Iran even underestimated his formidable magnitude,” he According to Dr. Montgomery, oneof the puzzling factors aboutthe hostagecrisis, is trying to figure out who the students are loyal to and answerto in the final decision on the fate of the captured Americans. “The fact that‘a succession of foreign ministers have been unable to get through to students shows the kind of chaos which is taking place,” he said. “The students claim they will only bow to the Ayatollah but Khomeini will have to watch the as mealscae for theycould be a different entity,” he said haSenile tk ich cok Wet trong fluence in that portion of theworld is any Soviet moves to take ntoof the anti-American feeling which exists currently. The USS.State tment warned Wednesday that the Soviet nin is ignitinga new hot a the Middle East by re up their investment in earl Tegime in Afghanistan, just across the border from Iran. “One thing which many analysts don’t realize is that thereare jst as many or more Moslems in Russia as in any near easter country,” he pointed out, “For example, just across the saneRussian border there are several lem Turks called the SouthCentral Asian area,. pete “Tt would be to the advantage of the Soviets have a well-established government in Tran rather than a Seee such as pod shaped “Such a secular regime is having troubles2 Workers on Utah Lake experience one of Utah County's rarer oppor- 7 tunities — a strong winter sunset where the sun appears to set both over the mow and into the water simultaneously. 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