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peice ae en 1:42pm 1/18 | eo aybreak aa comics nian ge ie: as 24 8 \x { eit is a4) TAS ee AGN Dress So THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 1, 1996 In the Mouths of Taking children’s medicine BABES Mary Poppinsprescribed a spoonful of sugarto help the medicine go down, but today's experts say there are better ways to get prescription drugs into yourchild. Here are a few examples: Liquid medicine Bl usea special dropper, syringe, spoon or measuring cup designed for giving medicine. Book Tells Parents About Medications They’re Giving Kids By Elizabeth Neus GANNETT NEWSSERVICE WASHINGTON — Parents looking for information about the drugsprescribed for their children might have a difficult time — most medication guidebooksaretargeted at adults. But two professors of pharmacy hopeto ease the mindsof parents wondering about the latest antibiotic Junior is taking for his ear infection, or Pliag Ladi ly oe Magnitude pat 6 44 most telt @ 3-4 sore ton 2-3 lew tet ) 1-2 rotten Ghee fio Un N FibreGossharia oeciey har sunone U8 ace caegen IntermountainSeismic Belt Jan. 18 - 24, 1996 eg 28 50 24 have the time, they can sit down and read about the medication. Sometimes it may be the only thing they haveat their disposal.” Havingclear information about children’s medications is important because many drugs taken by youngsters are not tested the same way as those This week Previous week about the antihistamine that is supposedto clearhis nose. Children’s Medications: A Parent’s Guide is “not a replacement for your physician or pharmacist,” said co-author Richard Bates, but can answer questions a parent forgot to ask at the doctor's office or drugstore. “The information might go right out of their headsif the kids are screaming or they're tired,” said Bates, assistant professor of pediatric pharmacyat the Washington State University College of Pharmacy in Spokane.“When they 0 78 Y Activity for the Intermountain Seismic Belt was substantially reducedduring the past week. Most noticeable wasthe lackof seismicity in the northagig.Dian and southeastern Idaho region. ¥ Nine quakes were recorded in the Yellowstone/HebgenLake region. Mostoftheactivity wasdetected in the Upper Madison Valley area, near the northwestern border of Yellowstone National Park. The two largest events registered 2.9 and happened the evening of Jan, 21 and early Jan. 23. Both were centered about three miles west of WestYellowstone, near the Highway 20 bridge over the South Fork of the Madison River. for adults, Bates said. An article in a recent edition of Child magazine claimed that 80 percent of the prescription medications on the market never had beentested on children, and that much of the prescription drugs for children are used “off-label” — for purposes for which they have not been directly approved by the Food and Drug Administration. (This is a iddice common with adult medications, as well.) “You maynot have the thousands of people [studied] that it takes to get FDA approval for adults, but you might get a study of 200 or so [children],” Bates said. “It would beniceif eyelashes. Place child in a davechild close eyes. Source: Children’s Medications: A Parent's Guide By Elizabeth Neus GANNETT NEWS SERVICE WASHINGTON — Drinking and driving don’t mix, and neither do drinking and Tylenol, a combination that can cause serious, permanentliver damage. And neither do Tylenol and AZT; grapefruit juice and anti-organ rejection medication; and some anti- usual drooling and spitting out of medicine that often go along with the process, but sometimesthere is nothing you can do, Batessaid. “Ifa child doesn't like the taste, he’s going to spit it right back,’ he said. Parents can look up their child’s prescription medicine (and someoverthe-counter drugs) by its chemical name. Tylenol, for example,is listed under“acetaminophen.” Each entry includes the usual dose for children of different ages and MATTERS the quakeswerefelt. This is an active area that receives a few Bi Tell child to breathe throughhis Bo Keepchild's headtilted backfor a | few minutes;let him sit upif the | medicine makes him cough. Frank Pompa, Gannett News histamines andantibiotics. Surprised? You are not alone, Fewrealize that drugs can interact with each other and cause sometimes dangerouseffects that would not occur if the drugs were taken alone. “It's something that most people @ See INTERACTIONS,C-8 weights, possible interactions and side effects, proper storage and administration methods, and any special instructions for the particular drug. A parent unfortunate enough to be battling head lice, for example, can find out that lindane (also known as Kwell) should be storedin a cool, dry place away from light; that it should not be used on an open wound; and that children with seizure disorders maybeatrisk for developing seizures with this medicated shampoo. says. “And I'm hopingthat we'll have an idea of what or who it is by the turn of the century.” Bythe turn of this century? As in four years from a Some of these rock bursts have produced significantjolts, with the largest "coal-quake" registering in the mid-4.0 range. ¥ Two clusters of seismic events were recorded in the central Sevier Valley region. Analfin Between 13 and 20 inches The most significant activity was a trio of 2.0s tie extona. Detectdtiny wibrationsin the fed cai nal into whighe bristies the fis h find prey. sti mutate the Ostia. centered about two miles south of downtown Richfield. The largest quake registered 2.9 and Species occurred Jan. 21 at 12:59 p.m. There were no reports indicating any of the quakes werefelt Slightly southwest of the first cluster was a groupof four 1.0s. They were scattered along How dan “| Most notable of the 28 © Dangerof a human's species of piranha: the range front near Joseph. The Sevier Valley region sustained significant damage from a 6.5 temblorin 1901 and a pair of 6.0s in 1921 ¥ A pair of 1.0s were recorded along the Wasatch fault zone south of Utah Lake; a 2.2 | | Baws 10.13 inct |@ Humanshave been bitten | and evenkilled piranha,butthe t more as scavengers, jpraying on gaps: te most aggressive species, inches. Extremely | ; Basins of Rio Paraguay and \ie Parana | | aggressive; fearediby people wholive niger it GA being attacked Serrasalmusnattererl, red-bellied piranha. Serrasalmus niger, the black piranha. Gfows to 14 occurred just across the southern Utah border along the Vermilion Cliffs; and the largest of four quakesin the Challis region registered 2.0. ByCharlies P. Watson, consulting geologist Send comments or requests for more informationto: | touch nose. ByDavid Barton SCRIPPS-MeCLATCHY WESTERN SERVICE SACRAMENTO, Calif. — For 35 years, Frank Drake has been watching the heavens. As president of the SETI Institute in Mountain View, Calif., he is looking for something extraordinary: signs oflife. “T have to assumethere is something out there,” he A oe piranhasel lects a victim and attracts the other dozen quakeseach year. However,since a 3.8 temblor on Dec. 13, 42 quakes have been Advanced Geologic Exploration 2 PO. Box 18012 + Rene * Nevada + 89511 ay 1-800-852-2960 * www.seismo-watch.com The Salt Lake City Tribune, inchinto the nostril. Do notlet dropper Questions Grow With Evidence Of Other Planets Like Earth Sometimes hunt alone, sometimes in wide-ranging packs, which can Strip an animal mut ch larger than fish in just a few minutes, it 3.5 event. Y Forthefifth straight week, significant activity was recorded in Red Rock Valley of southwestern Montana.The largest of eight events registered 2.5 and occurredlate the morning of Jan. 24 between Lima and Clark Canyon Reservoir, near Dell. There were noindications Seismicity in the coal-mining belt is usually caused by rock bursts. As the coal is removed, Pushupgently on child's nose. a Insert dropper about one-third of an IS ANYBODY OUT THERE? Feeding northwestof Fishing Bridge in Hayden Valley, and in the same epicentral region as last week's the local stress fields surrounding the rocks change and sometimes cause the rocks to move orburst. These earth movementsare tecorded by seismographs as earthquakes. | New Guide Explains How DrugsInteract butthe little fish with the big bite can be dangerous: afternoon. They were centered aboutfive miles eight events. The largest "coal-quake" measured 2.6 and occurred early Jan. 19 in the a! | Bi Aninfant should be held in your arms with / | his headtilted back; | youngchildrencan lie downwith a pillow & undertheir shoulders and headtilted | back; olderchildren should sit up and tilt their heads back. This carnivorous fish's vicious reputationIs greatly overstated, an active volcano.] Both quakes occurred on Jan. 22, one in the morning and onein the late Beeline MiningDistrict. pte G For ointment: Whenchild is looking up,gently pull down lowerlid. Squeeze out a line of ointmentalonginnerlid, as if you were applying eyeliner. triggered north of Madison Junctionat the base ofTrilobite Point. Two quakesin the 2.0 range were detected within the rim of the Yellowstone caldera. [A recorded in the area. The largest quake in Red Rock Valley during the past century registered 5.1 and occurred on the evening of Jan. 5, 1965, It rocked Dewey and Dell, breaking a flagpole and throwing items from cabinets and shelves. ¥ Coal-mining-related seismicity decreased to ri For drops: Whenchild is looking up, gently pinch lowerlid with index finger and thumbto create a pouch. Drip drops into the pouch,notdirectly on the A quakeregistering 2.1 was centered south of West Yellowstone in Dry Canyon, and a 2.0 calderais a large circular depression on top of Clearout child's | nose,either by ~ | suctioningif he is an infant or having him blowit himself. seated or prone position with head titted back. tively if we think creatively.” SCIENCE Nose drops Warm medicine to room temperature; clean secretions and old medicine from thechild's eyeswith moist gauze or ///j Do not let tip of dropperor medicine tube touchthe eye or means we don't know as much [about But although new labeling and prescribing rules may help doctors and pharmacists, parentsstill may be at a loss for information. That’s where the Children’s Medications guide (Harvey Whitney Books, 358 pp., $19.95), written by Bates and Milap Nahata, professor of pharmacy and pediatrics at the Ohio State University College of Pharmacy and Medicine, comesin. It begins with tips on storing medication properly so it doesn’t spoil, followed by advice on thetrickiest part of all — getting the medicine into your child. The authors explain waysof administering medicines from liquid antibiotics to eye ointments to dreaded rectal suppositories. They hope to help parentsavoid the Bi wren using eee orsyringes:, squirt the medicine slowly into the sid'e of the child's mouth. Eye medicine the FDA required more research in the pediatric population before something cameoutin the general market.” This does not mean, however, that children are taking dangerous, untested drugs, he said. “Of course we're not going to try to harm the child. It just the drug]. What it meansto the parent is... we have a drug that’s effective in adults, and we haveanideaofits effectiveness in pediatric use.” FDA spokeswoman Ivy Kupek acknowledged children’s medications are not studiedin quite the detail adult drugs are, but says most medications used for children are consideredsafe. The FDAinlate 1994 issued rules that allowed pharmaceutical companies to sometimes use information from adult-based studies and basepediatric labeling and prescribing information on that. But that information can be used only if the illness and the drug’s effects work the same wayin children as in adults. The FDAstill requires testing if the drug works differently on children, or if the illness affects children differently. For example, Ritalin is a stimulantin adults, but worksto calm children with hyperactivity or attention-deficit disorder. “We have a duty to our children,” FDAcommissioner David Kesslersaid at the time the rule was announced. “Wecan get the information we need to treat our children safely and effec- piranha seems Boe exaggerated weak, sickfish. © @ Attacks on humaiig have | occurred during @fughis when food was Serrasalmuspiraya. Grows to 20inches. cl SCIENCE & MEDICINE 51g {iFi Bees O° REO SRR BOAO ROBO oS BSR SRS RR ee. =~ tt TGhe Salt Lake Cribune MOVIES * COMICS + TV Very similarto the | red-beliied piranha ARGENTINA | ‘SOURCES; +Piranhasin the Aquariunt’ by Wottgang Schutte; “The Way Nature Works”; National Geographic ce and the piranha were! ravenous. Thrasfiing and bleeding of woundedprey may increase the likelihood of attaak. Knight: Ridder now? “It's not out of the realm ofpossibility,” Drake says calmly. Heis nota flake buta trained astronomer, and SETI (Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence) is not some fly-by-night, UFO-tracking joint, but one affiliated with NASA’s Ames Research Center and funded by Intel, Microsoft and Hewlett-Packard. And although hereadscience fiction in his youth, his imaginationis fired byfact, not fiction. He and his colleagues at the University of California, Berkeley, Harvard University and Carl Sagan's Planetary Society in Pasadena are world-class scientists who are as certain as they can bethat thereis life in other solar systems All they need nowis some encouraging evidence. They got some two weeks ago. Two California astronomers announced they had evidence suggesting that two planets outside our galaxy are orbiting a star similar to our sun. The scientists — Geoffrey Marcy and Paul Butler, both of San Francisco State University and UC Berkeley — saytheplanets are close enough to their sun to make their surface temperatures hospitable to life. Therecentdiscovery — along with one in October — confirms what has until now been only theoretical, or thestuffof sciencefiction: that there are solar systems — stars orbited by planets — other than our own. If the discovery is confirmed by further research, the impact will be far-reaching. It means our solar system is not unique, which suggests that we may not be, either. It meansthere couldbe life outthere, intelligentlife, searching for us just as we searchforit. It could change our view of ourselves and our world. Andit could mean a deeper examination of the notions @ See QUESTIONS,C-2 |
