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Show Leth The Salt Lake Tribune UTAH CENTENNIAL 1896-1996 Sunday, January 28, 1996 [IATINOS 1962 — The Guadalupemissionestablishes a so cial center called the Guadalupe Center and opens La MorenaCafe thereto help raise money for com munity projects sar Chavez begins to organize grape boycotts in California. He establishes the National Farm Workers Association, later called the United Farm 1765 — Spanish explorer Don Juan Maria Antonio de Rivera makes twoexpeditions through Colorado and Utah looking for a way across the Colorado River. The trail he finds helps establish trade between Spanish California and New Mexico. 1776 — FathersEscalante and Dominguezexplore unchartedregionsin Utah. The Spanishpriests chart geographyand location of Indian tribes. 1846 — The Mexican-American War began. It ended in 1848 with Mexicoselling California, New Mexico, Nevada, parts of Colorado, Arizona and Utah to the United States for $15 million 1848 — Mexico and the United States sign the Treatyof Guadalupe Hidalgo, permitting free immigration to Mexicans and their families now, living in the UnitedStates. 1900 — U.S. censuslists 40 Mexican-born Utahns — Oneofthe first homesteaders near Monticello. Ramon Gonzalez, settles near Indian Creek in 1902 and scratches his name on Newspaper Rock near Canyonlands National Park — Catholic Church records showthefirst baptism of a child with a Spanish surname. Guadalupe Chavez. 1910 — Thefirst large wave of Mexican immigrants comes to Utah, escaping the Mexican Revolution and seeking jobs in Utah mines, railroads and farms. Mostare young, single men who hopeto return to their homeland someday 1912 — Thefirst Mexican consul for Utah, Jose Lozano. is appointed in Salt LakeCity — Five thousand Mexican and Mexican American strikebreakers are hired by Utah Copper Co., later Kennecott, to work in Bingham Canyon during adispute with Greek laborers. Many Greeks abandonthe palest ops and un. | of ted railroads and mines in favor of opening their own tin | of rats businesses. 1913 — Bingham minerRafael Lopez kills : man who allegedly murdered Lop brother. Lopez flees to the snowyhills around U tah Lakeandthen ab- takes refuge in Bingham mine tunnels. hes volunteers try to smoke out Lopez by setting bonfires nearshaft entrances. Lopez kills five men before escaping andas legendhas it, joins Pancho Villa A massive manhunt begins. For 10 days, police and hundreds of its tera ae: tion for Community, Integrity and Opportunity. is organizedin Salt Lake City. Within five years, membership grows from 500to 27,000 — The LDS Churchintensifies missionary efforts in Mexico. It opens a 1,200-student school in Mexico City. The previous year. Mexican radio and TV tations broadcast the LDS general conference for the first time. — A growing numberof Central and South Ameri- Perfecto Arellano, a Mexican from Mexico 1930 — The Salt Lake City mission is given sepa rate status as the Mission of Our Lady of Guadalupe It becomes the center for Latino cultural activities and celebrations. Father James Earl Collins is named administrator 1930s — The Depression forces half of Utah's Peru, Guatemala andEl Salvador — Congress passes the Bilingual Education Act, which provides the first federal funding for bilingual education. 1970 — The Chicano Student Association is formedat the University of Utah. 1973 — Formationof the Governor's Officeof Hispanic Affairs. 1975 — The Centro dela Familia, the largest Latino social services agency in Utah, is founded. 1976 — John Ulibarri, a Democrat from Roy, becomesthe first Latinolegislator whenheis elected to the House. — First LDS templebuilt in Latin America — in San Paulo, Brazi 1 — TonyMontoyaJr., 15. qualifies for thefinals of the National Junior Olympics. A boxer since age 10, Montoya eventually goes professional in the superbantam weight 1980s — A waveof El Salvadorans, Guatemalans and Nicaraguans comes to Utah seeking political asylum 1981 — Angel Abrea, first Latino general authority of the LDS Church, is named — Antonio Tovarand Viola Gurule Rovaropen La Frontera restaurant — Norbert and Lorna Martinez open Mama Maria’s Tortilla Factory, named for Norbert’s mother [he Midvale business now makes 10.000 tortillas 1984 — BobbieFlorez is the first female Hispanic filling her husband's term 1986 — Victoria Palacios is thefirst Latina to serve on the state Board of Pardons 1990 — Ted Laeato is named “Utah Principal of the Year” for his workat Hillerest High School Frances Palacios is appointed as commissioner of‘3rd Cireuit Court 1991 — Utah Coalition of La Raza, an umbrella groupforLatinopolitical andsocial organizations, is formed statewide Hispanic Unity & Youth Leadership Conferenceis held in Ogden 1992 — RubenOrtega becomesSalt Lake City po- lice chief 1993 — La Alianza Latina, an umbrella organization for Latin Americans. is formed to help repre sent people fromArgentina, El Salvador, Guatema Mexican immigrant population to return to Mexico la, Mexico, Uruguay, Chile, Venezuela, Bolivia Brazil, Colombia, Peru and Panama — Andrew Valdez becomes the first state Latino judge — either voluntarily or through deportation 1942 — Congress passes the Supplemental Labor — Quarterback Anthony Calvillo leads Utah State University to its first bowl gamein 32 years. Program, also known as Bracero, to allow entrance of temporary agriculture workers to the United States from Mexico. 1944 — Latinos from Arizona, Texas, New Mexico and Colorado start coming to workat Utah's military installations, mines and railroads. 1944-52 — Spanish-speaking community organizations are foundedtohelpprotect Latinos’ civil rights ind cultural heritage 1950s — The U.S. Census registers 5,300 Mexican- born people living in Utah. 1954 — Utah American G.I. Forum, a Spanish- speaking veterans organization that evolves into a political andcivic group. is founded in Ogden 1300s — Anasazi and Fremont cultures disappear from the Southwest. Later tribes — Ute, Shoshone Paiute, Goshute and Navajo — are bands of hunters 1994 — Lee Martinezis appointed administrative vice president for the National Council on HispanicLatin Affa 1995 — Five Utahcolle and universities are part of a scholarship program for Latinos. announcedthroughthe Office of Hispanie Affairs and the Governor's Hispanic Advisory Council Sources: The Peoples of Utah, edited by Helen Z. Papanikolas; the LDS Church; Utah Historical Society; The Salt Lake Tribune files; Hecho En Utah, edited by Utah Arts Council Folk Arts Staff; Contributions of Hispanics in America, edited by Rosina Griego; and interviews onto [ I gress zenship Act. which 1929 — Con Kanosh Indian Re ervation in Millard County 1930 — A Senate committee finds evidence that the Bureau ofIndian Affairs sar ping of Indian children in its jos 1930s — The feder: tioned the kidnay to educate Nava overnment says Nava their sheep and orders he guilty of “overgra the flocks slaughtered 1934 — Congress passes the | tion Act encouragingtribes to f ernments 1941 — Navajo Marines call yanese soldiers by us confound as a military code during 1776 — Utes guide Spanish explore rs Escalante and Be ez throughparts of Utah 1943 — Mormons open th the first mi signated for I —Utes 2 million judgme 1600s — Spaniards introduce horses silversmithing to Utes and Navajos — TheBureau of Indian Affairs is createdin the |US War Department to negotiate with tribes and eventually to administer the reservations. In 1849, it is transferred to the new Interior Department 1847 — LDS President Brigham Young leads Mor mons into the Salt Lake Valley, encroaching on In dianterritory 1849 — Paiutes in southern Utah welcome Mor mon settlers, 51 — Mormonssettle in CedarCity 1852 — Utah Territorial Legislature legalizes indentured servitude of ‘Indian prisoners, children or women thus shifting Mexico's slave trade to white — Ute leader Wakara, known as “Walker: Napoleon of the Desert,” leads nearly 100 warriors against Mormoncolonists near Payson 1854 — The Mormon Church sets up a southern Indian mission at Fort Harmony to evangelize the Paiutes, Utes and Paiutes chase them off. 1857 — A party of white settlers is massacred at Mountain Meadow by Mormons and Piedes 1861 — President Lincoln sets aside the Uinta Basin for Indian use — Union troops under command ofGen. P.E Connoryr ente r Utah andestablish Fort Douglas near Salt Lake City and le campaigns against Utes, Shoshones anc annocks 1863 — During the Bear River campaign. Union troops kill 368 Indians and capture 160 women and children, destroying Indian powerin northern Utah 1864 — U.S. Army commissions Christopher “Kit Carsonto round up the Navajos — After Indian raids. Mormons ask for the remov al of Utes to Sanpete and Uinta Valley 1865 — Ute Chief Black Hawk leads warriors against Mormon colonists who were trying to move them to the Uinta Basin Chief Tabby-to-kwanaah ends the Black Hawk War in 1869 by leadinghis people into the northern Uinta Basin — Nearly half the Navajo tribe. — some 8,000 starving people —surrender to Carson and submit to a 300-mile “Long Walk” to Bosque Redondo, NM where they languish for four years in a detention camp 1879 — Mormons inSt. George buy10acres south of thecity to provide small farms for Paiutes. 1884 — US. President Chester Arthurextends the Navajo reservation farther north into Utah 1886 — U.S government decides to build Fort Du chesneto “discipline and control’ Indians 1887 — The Uintah-Ouray Indian Reservation is established in northeastern Utah count of the 1890 — U.S. census includes the country’s Indian population, 2 1905 — Uintah-Ouray reservation is opened to white homesteaders. a policy designed to “liberate Indians from their land — President Theodore Roosevelt withdraws 1.1 milli tional res from the Utes to create the Uinta Na Forest Reserve; he adds nearly 7.000 acres to Navajo reservation near 1912 — The Goshute reservation in Skull Valley is or land repa ment. Money is awarded in ‘ol opens 1950 — Intermountain Ir Brigham City. Thousands of American Indians fror as far away as Florida live and study there before it closes in 1984 1952 — Sen. Arthur Watkins. R-Utah. leads “ter mination” movement in Congre vations, abolish trit treaty obligation — LDS Chure Program. which boards ) ak up reser ernments and end federal ur Placement Indian American Indian student ages 8 to 18 in Mormon foster homes off the reserva tion for nine months 1969 — American Indian demonstrators tional attention by seizing Alcatraz Francisco Bay 1972 — Indians from more an 2 US, renaming it “The Native American Er 1973 — Utah Paiutes receive a $4 develop jobs 1975 — George P. Le 1 19 — The Goshute The Navajo in 1989 trit tt ar land dispute 1977 — Danny “Little Red televised title boxing match at Salt Lake Cit 14 — The Reag assistance to Americ — from $3.5billion to $ nation the Salt Palace Le th Ihior 1986 — Judge William Thorr and an appeals-court judge for trib zona and Nevada, is appointed t i Ind \ c 1 W a alley City — Navajo tribal leader T M a AAI leave by the Tribal Counc tions of corruption surface dur Senate inves gation 1989 — riot breaks out at a Na in Window Roek, Ariz.. when MacDor try to restore him to power. — A federal judge rules Tw Amer Indians m use sweat lodges at the Utah State Prison 1991 — State auditors discover millions fro: m th Navajo ‘Trust Fund were squandered: several for mer Nayajo officials are indicte¢ 1994 —US. S$ turn-of-the-centur Uintah-Ouray pholds Congress tt e of the 5 when it was opened — Goshutes in Tooele ¢ companyto recycle urbe a buy back tribal lands 1995: KRCL radio program direct Maldonado. whose mission is e groups who are ‘ommercial radio. aise na Land voice to thos under-represe was nnessee money to enored t one of s ers YWCA Outstanding Achievement awar hy Nat Ute Pe The H et ¢ Fred A Sc established after failed attempts to push the Go et ity he Garden Terrace ALZHEIMER'S Center of Ex lence Proud to Serve Utah 1201 East 4500 South, SLC 261-3367 CITY | A SHINING JEWELIN UTAH’S CROWN FOR | OVER 100 YEARS! Dé grant t ment from the federal ly trib un general authority in the LDS Chureh. excommunicated for apostasy gain na Island occupy the BIA headquarters in We Aneth 1909 — Strawberry Valley Reclamation Project in Wasatch County takes 56,000 acres fromthe Utes by right of eminent domain ans who fought enact the Cit to American Indians wool and andgatherers. cans cometo Utah, especially from Argentina, Chile, elected to Utah Houseof Representatives, afterful Nuns of the Order of Perpetual Adoration arrive ho 1968 — SOCIO, the Spanish Speaking Organiza- in Mexico. 1927 — Padre ity Chile. In the early '70s. Mormonelementary schools open in Paraguay, Bolivia and Peru 1920 — La Rama Mexicana, thefirst Spanishspeaking Mexican branch of the Mormon Church in priest, comes to Utah to oversee the missionserving Salt LakeCity’s Mexican Catholics of 1964 — The LDS Churchopens two schools in daily andships throughout Utah and in parts of Wyoming, Idaho and NewMexico. Utah, is founded —USS. census reports 2.300 first- and second-generation Mexicans in Utah. They comprise5 percent of the population. — La Cruz Azul, or Blue Cross, is foundedto help needy Mexicans 1925 — The LDS Churchestablishes a mission based in Buenos Aires, Argentina. ng Workers. Chavez makesseveral trips to Utah during his lettuce and grapestrikes. [MERIGAN INDIANS shutes 1924 — The 1 in World War | ae t YEARS OF GROWING WITH UTAH. of th |
