| Show ft ca The Salt Lake Tribune Sunday December 81903 from non secret sources Samos has: —Given American Intelligence officials their first positive evidence that the Soviets were hardening their ballistic missile sites in concrete silos and builddefenses around ing ‘Fantastically Successful’ After U2 I Samos ‘ Opens’ Soviet to Gaze of US Super-Secr- et Note! Probably the Editor1 least known American military “secret" today Is the Samos reconnaissance satellite — least known that Is to the American public not to the Kremlin This Is the first of four articles which for the first time detail the story of Samoa 0 The Washington Post Co WASHINGTON- -D e e- - 7 - 17000 miles per hour in 90 has been printed in technical quences for the closed society of minutes journals in the United States and the Soviet Union in publications in the At selected times on com"Geographically at least the Union Samos has been alluded USSR will be open to inspecmand from the ground a pre- to in speeches and remarks in tion” cious photographic capsule b both nations 1 Soviet ejected For example: nuclear physiUS arms control and disarmcist Ralph E Lapp in an Ann ament agency staff member It comes down through the 17 Robert S Rochlin while still mosphere and is caught in the Arbor Mich speech this Oct with the General Electric Co Pacific Ocean by aircraft of the said: 6593rd test squadron operating “A PROPERLY Instrumented write in the July issue of the “Journal of Arms Control”: from Hickam -- Air Force Base observation satellite making a Hawaii satellites good pass over a Soviet rocket “OBSERVATION can influence arms control efTHE EFFECTIVENESS of the site should be able to distinguish product of this between a Vostok rocket and the forts in several different conUS government recon- more massive booster needed for texts both as a method for verinaissance satellite enterprise is a lunar mission fying compliance with formal a matter of the deepest secrecy disarmament agreements and as of orbital intelWhatever pictures have been “Development a unilateral method for obtainexbe taken— and they run into the ligence techniques may information which will affect to advance to the point ing thousands-a- re a nation’s attitude towards arms highly classified pected show automowill film where Even the word “Samos” is now control biles on the streets of Moscow “The information which will classified and officials are forof instrumental This penetration bidden to speak It to outsiders be available for national obserthe Iron Curtain is certain to vation satellite systems may be NONETHELESS a good deal have the most profound conse sufficient to permit the United States to reach a compromise 4 V”V with the Soviet Union on the J of additional inspection ‘4 which (an arms control) treaty should specify at- By Howard Simons and Chalmers M Roberts ' at On Thursday afternoon July 21 1955 at Geneva Switzerland President Dwight D Eisenhower startled the world by proposing his “open skies” plan to deadlock on i break the East-Wedisarmament st BUT BEFORE the day was over Nikita S Khrushchev had told the President his idea was nothing more than a bald espionage plot against the USSR Today nearly 8 years later the Eisenhower “open skies” plan is still in a diplomatic pi geonhole But the miracle of science b providing a substitute far superior to what Mr Eisen- society This instrument b an orbiting satellite named Samos In fact it is a series of such satellites circling the globe together or in sequence hours by unoffi- cial calculation one of these satellites an incredible camera in its innards passes over the Soviet Union between 8 to 12 times — Amoclated Fret Wlrephoto and over Red China two to four Admits' times Nikita Khrushchev The satellites orbit the globe inspection now can be assumed —TURNED UP evidence suggesting to some interpreters that Red China is building a gaseous diffusion plant for mass produc- Henri Spaak argued that ground could print a similar picture of inspectors were “like intruders New York taken by one of our in a harem” but added that in- spection can now be assumed by satellites HE ADDED that perhaps he would let Spaak “see my photo- satellites” American officials profess to know nothing of the picture of Moscow to which Adzubei re- — world-shakin- g ao-tu- From the othet1 side of the Iron Curtain have come two revealing comments one public and one private gence officials reassess and downgrade previous estimates of Soviet intercontinental ballistic missile strength: This story has been graphs” confirmed by diplomatic sources Then on Sept 2 Khrushchev’S Alexi Adzubei the editor of the Soviet government “With-existin- ing the stuff of atomic bombs —Helped American intelli- ferred — Associated Pmi Wlrephoto Alexi Adzubei Says Soviet satellites can photograph US pictures in hopes of convincing him to agree to ground inspection because so much had already been photographed i After Powers was shot down President Eisenhower and later President Kennedy pledged publicly not to send the 2 over the U-- Soviet Union g de-gr- It is an instrument so effective it promises to break down the long cherished Russian ability to keep the Soviet Union a closed 24 Leningrad newspaper Izvestia made a U-- 2 which speech in Helsinki Finland dis-- fintastlcally successful flew unhindered across the Sovcussing arms control in which he said: iet Union for four years before flight of Fran“ANOTHER preparatory step the cis Gary Powers on May 1 1960 towards pacifying the situation The U-- 2 idea was brought to the would be the observation posts Eisenhower a d m i nistration in proposed by the Soviet Union on March 1954 both sides of the border between But not until after the Presithe blocs in order to observe dent failed to win Soviet ap--p any possible troop concentre r o v a 1 of his “open skies” tions scheme did he approve its use over Russia techniques this kind of observation could be ext No wonder American officials tended to space believe that Khrushchev received “ONE WESTERN paper has a major shock when he saw the published a picture taken of pictures take by Power’s cam"Thus unilaterally-operate- d Moscow by a satellite from a era observation satellites may inheight of 750 kilometers (about American Incidentally directly expedite agreement on 465 miles) in which the Izvestia officials one point before the at a disarmament treaty” Building is plainly discernible Powers incident had discussed “We do not publish pictures of but In December 1962 In referrejected the idea of privatering to the vital role of aerial this kind but I believe that we ly showing Khrushchev some U-- 2 photography and the argument over ground inspection in the Cuban crisis the late President John F Kennedy remarked without further explanation that “the camera I think is going to actually be our best inspector” hower had in mind EVERY anti-missi- But they made no such mitment about China com- That is" to show that “missile gap” was the-so-c- nt —Enabled American officials to feel more than reasonably certain that they know the extent of the Soviet missile arsenal and its placement AST DOUBT on the Soviet p r o J e c t because no evidence has been seen that the Russians are building -C- the kind of superrockets that American experts think are needed for a lunar landing How good the Samos photographs are is difficult ’for an outsider to determine ’ Chinese Nationalist pilots have BUT ONE knowledgeable ad- ministration official who has been flying s over the Chinseen them labels them “remarkese mainland ever since able" Others caution that while Samos already was in the the quality is good more reworks when Powers was shot finements which are in the down works are needed U-2- From what can be learned Next: Secrecy and Samos r 4 COUNTRY CARPETS — Auoelatod Fret Wlrephot Last July 8 Premier KhruHis shchev in a talk in Russia with Dwight D Eisenhower “open skies” plan b actuality Belgian Foreign Minister Paul - VO mm EKI anDi AUT0MATIC4THREADING OOMS th normaOii YOURS TOR ONLY TuPvwtmvui Pay only $2°o m $ WEEKLY UQ MONEY DOWN! 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