Show OF OB BRAND AND curtailment OF STATE STAll fl 0 ONt the beoh ath dinst a bill to aid in the establishment and temporary support of common schools was favorably reported tp the congressional senate Seu ate by the committee on education and labor jabor who recommended its passage the measure is of great importance and provoked an animated discussion senator reagan of texas taking toe the lead in opposition to tile the bill it is evident that be had given close attention to the subject als speech which appears in the Cou congressional gressional record ot of JAU jan being pungent and putt erml indicating a ackree of ability tat t at we were sot not aware tae the gentleman possessed his objections were mostly cased based upon constitutional grounder the being from his standpoint unauthorized ay by tala instrument in opposition to til the theory of our government and of ef a nature that rendered it capable of working an incalculable amount of mischief the file measure provides for an apara pria pr lation tion ot ol from the ciulo jaal Lre treasury abury to ne be proportionately at elyon on alt among the several states and territories to be expended upon the education of children no mo state or territory it is to have any apportion apportionment meat unless its iti system of common schools is of the character defined in the act in case ot of any state or ol territory being found not entitled to its proportion or it if it decline to accept ot it ir the avoult not used kiy it snail go to s well swell the proportion allotted to those chose which are tied to receive its benefits A line ef studies is marked out by the measure and copies of the text books used are to be placid placed with tae secretary of the interior to whom governors of the stites states and territories are to give detailed reports of expenditures di tures procedure and other subjects connected wita education these are only a few of the leading objects objects 0 of 1 the bill which is somewhat lengthy thy but ut they are sufficient to give some idea of its purport several previous attempts have been made to have a measure of this kind enacted but it has heretofore stuck on its passage if it does not meet with a similar fate in this instance it will not be the fault of senator reagan who asserts that it is a flagrant violation of state rights the subject being outside the constitutions constitution a legislative power of congress some of his bis propositions are so forcible that they will bear reproduction bea being specially interesting on account 0 of their being aimed at the dangerous doctrine of and tendency toward centralization we therefore present a iw few ext extracts mets my opposition to this bill to is based on the absence of power in congress to enact such a law on the fact that its passage would be the adoption of a I 1 policy of at centralization which would establish a despotism of popular majorities jori ties overthrow the constitution constitution and en endanger danker the liberties of the people because it il offers a bribe in mone money y to the people to sacrifice their manhood and self reliance and to surrender their constitutional government in consideration of the paternal care of a master whose ultimate cruelty we may not now be able to estimate and because it would be the surrender of our birthright for a mess of pottage I 1 do not wish to see the american people star surrender render that sturdy self re liance which has characterized them from the settlement settle meat of the american cok colori odies ies to the present time nor to see them demoralized and degraded by any system of suben eions from the government which would deprive them of the independent and resolute purpose to tails care ot of themselves without pecuniary aid from the government 0 4 we should never lose sight of atee ake fact that in this country the people are sovereign that they delegate to the federal government government sucu suca powers and such only as to enable it ft to deal with other governments govern menta to ours that is to control our interns lional policy an ani and I such orach asto as to enable it to des deal with our federal and aad later inter state relations covering such subjects as relate to toe the interest of the whole union such as were necessary for the welfare and safety of the whole people and as an could not with propriety and adv advantage auta e be exercised by the several states here if I 1 may be pardoned I 1 will here make h a digression from this particular line of argument so far as to state that I 1 am of opinion no government of so great territorial extent as the united states and with such a great of interests could long be perpetuated as a centralized republic such territorial extent and varied Inte interests tests can be harmonized only under a federal republic bublic like ours or under a monarchy monr chy flu in a centralized republic of such territorial extent aud and interests there would always be a majority and a minority section and whether the majority should be situated in the all h the south the east or the west people of the majority section would claim the political advant advances lages which their majority would demand the adoption of policies oppressive to the minority section and aad their political representatives would as a rule role insist on the abc illion oi of such policies poli clett as a means of 0 becu i and preserving popular favor this thin would inevitably lead to discontent angry strife and to in the end cad to pol political turmoil and revolution hence in m my y view the grest great importance of maintaining inviolable our present lede federal ral system as marked out by the constitution ati of the united states 11 I 1 1 f it already by alme constructions of the and by usurpation of power the jurisdiction of congress has become so extend d as to reader it difficult til ta pas pasi the required require laws jaws up to a quarter of a century ago it was a rare thing for a babston of congress to pass paes axi inre re than a halt half doan gereral genera laws outside of appropriation bills now by extensions of jurisdiction we pass a volume ot of ii kiwy ws at ac each session if wu we adopt the principle which underlies this educational nest ional bill that congress may do what whatever evir it supposes the general acl rare to require aben session of congress will nut not give clent terue 10 tile the h la laws w as may ue LK called lor for I 1 where do senators find the power to tax the ut of iti lipoid for r tuo vu purpose of educating the people of texas or the people of ohio to educate those of mississippi or those thore of massa massachusetts bu t tile the pv people ople of south Ca caralina rulina 9 what getrued lu iu the schools is not all there is af rhe schools i aid in the acquis acquisition acquisito it to a of knowledge but much of of re real ai e education to is ac alred in the fa family ily circle on 04 sl the e farm in the W workshop in public assemblages in court courthouses houses oases sj at the hust hustings lugs and in the churches ind A nd there is probably pro ably bibly not a senator here who has not known men of superior intelligence who could neither mid bead nor write and the universal experience ewe in this country is that even among the illiterate class r there here ji a great deal of practical intelligence and many useful citizens in the discussion of Q this bill we seem to lome loae sight of these great facts sod and to proceed on lon toe principle t that at the knowledge necessary to good zenshin can only be acquired la in the schoolhouse would it not ie he as well for us on this as on other questions to consult common sense and our oar everyday every day experience I 1 saw when a boy la in the charleston 8 C bercury mercury a very interesting Interest ag paper on the subject of atmospheric knowledge anil anid the education of the blood I 1 have not forgotten the impression it made on me codr whole lives lived are a school all our surroundings are schoolmasters school masters and a person with natural facilities can hardly be raised in this country without practical knowledge enough to make a comfortable living and to understand cipal duties of citizenship |