| Show p first prize epsay an effay essaion Es gayon on by george JI ratify mill will creek crek irren draten top fop or the ac deseret agricultural and miran jiran manufacturing society 1878 bees from the tile earliest ages of the world have havo been with peculiar interest and have claimed tho attention not only onis of af the un learned and ignorant but odthe of the student and th tilo 0 natura naturalist ii t the mystery which so sa long en velo volo pad them and their habits added not a little to the interest wit with h which t their history was wils invested invented the anc ane ancients lents called the honey bee deborah or she that speak eth tho the word honey is derived from the hebrew ghones gli gil which means dell deli delight lit we read in scripture about the beo bee deuteronomy 1 44 they shall ehase chase you as ws bees do also judges ge 3 14 8 there was vlas of bees and honey loney in the carcass that samson found when speaking of a goodly land it was called a I 1 land and flowing with milkana milk and honey history informs us that as early as 1765 a premium of two hundred pounds was offered in england to bee keepers for any one that would produce from his own stock ten pounds of clear wax and at the same time preserve the bees and leave enough honey to winter them at the tho commencement of the present century mr hir francis huber and others made some bome very vit important di cove rie rio rles rios 3 on the habits of the bee III in regard to tile the mode of building comb how tile the bees produce the wax with which it I 1 is built also the 5 habits of the queen bee examining andar and trying experiments with them lna ina in a ga glass sa hive to these persons we nye are indebted for much valuable information apiculture mado made but little pro greist grei it from the year isoo 1800 to awand iland 1850 1830 and 1 then tilen it appeared to take a new start in the last twenty two years many av valuable alfi ablo abio improvements have been 11 lade made so that thit today to day the tiie apiarian ilean lican acan ican examine every bee and every v comb ilithe in the hive by b adopting tl the C moveably moveable move able abie frame linal have e this hive am was first patented by mr L ii langstroth and since that time we have havo had a great many patent hives almost all claiming some new feature and improvement over other hives which pretension pretensions would if heeded make shipwreck of all our young youn and ine lne inexperienced ap erlen erien eed ced bee k keepers ecly eely e r I 1 A majority of the bee keepers of salt exalt lake and davia davis counties through the recommendation of mr seth heth putnam a practical edical apiarian have adopted ulet VICT ther P adder odder patent bee hive and I 1 consider it a ver vor very y convenient sized hive eme easy to work with and ind a good whit wintering ering 0 hiye alyc the management of bees can only be successful when it 1 is 13 3 conducted with a perfect understanding of their habits and instincts and the natural laws that govern go sern sorn them for that law which governs them differs from om thoe those which govern golem every thing elge else the tho queen or female bee governs the tile colony of male and worker bees the tile male bees areball cd ed drones the worker bees are all undeveloped females the tile queen bee beo on an average is much larger and longer average than the he other othar bee and has one other peculiar habit babit the immense number of eggs deposited by her majesty in one herson heason bea hea on riso also ako tho the tho length of her life com compared Varod pared with that eliat of her offspring the tile queens living from three to four years yeara while the tiie worker bees live from three to four months they have many maily laws which are aie eted and im mutable and when we deviate from them loss lo 10 y must follow in this essay I 1 will not attempt to explain all these laws but will aim alm to give tho the reader such directions anti and advice as will be suited to etho practical mana mann management gomont of bees in this our mountain home the infant state of deseret Dc seret which signifies the honey horey honeybee bee our emblem be ing the tile beehive nee bee hive our mottos enion union ii i i strength no without labor I 1 shall not roc ommond recommend any thing tiling th that at I 1 havo have not tried myself although I 1 have had but three yea H s experience wit I 1 bees in utah utah L mali tali abound abounds 4 with honey hones producing plants from spring time until au all tum nand the honey which Is secre fod fed in tho the flowerie Is 14 of a verv very superior quality and flavor whIch cannot be surpassed by the tiie lioney honey brodu eing cing fields of california which am are considered by bome some to ue tho the bont bent in tho the known world for we have in spring the broadleaf broad leaf willow box elder older cottonwood cotton wood currant plum apricot peach goo gooseberry seberry strawberry berr apple pear dandelion dog goodoak woo doak cherry arvlee erv lee iee berny berry columba columbi plant klc fec in summer we have the red clover white alov clover e r sweet clover aisuke alslee clover m milk ik wt dmd 40 catnip ruih raspberry berry holly h hok k mignonette sweet sweat alet um cucumber squash melon corn com buckwheat wheat and many wild flowers then we havo have for fall pastur past pasturage urage sweet clover sorghum or sugar cane ne rabbit buh sunflowers sun flowers mum goiden golden golden rod and somo some seasons considerable honey dew also we flavo flave many plants planta and tre tnt trees producing pollen or bee bread which is necessary to feed the young brood upon therefore I 1 can safely palely say bay that in the territory of utah atall call can be produced honey sufficient sum elent clent for her consumption without any importation por tation and at legs leas coit coyt cost being a superior iu lor article articie art icie lelo if the present stock ofee sare properly managed and ca cared for marn main if I 1 am rightly informed mr sir NV D roberts i did import bees from callao california ania and the states also mr J S harbieson Har bisson for mr M thurston and others t this 1119 hig last 1 4 t spring there are in this county three kinds of beeg bees the common brown or black bee tho the hybrid or mixed bee and ana the italian bee the italian bees are favori fayorl favorit ts ca with me they work earlier in the tile morning and in colder weather they gather more inore honey and are more prolific the queen ean can bo be easler easier found owing to hez her bright color and ller iier her quiet and pe peaceful abul aiss Alss disposition posItIon TIIE THE CO COMB M nive HIVE Is no longer a que question stion of doubt or uncertainty to do without it I 1 would give up bee keeping but now that we have a good moveable moveably move able comb hive in poss possession evlon and in use tise we mn can ascertain to a certainty the exact condition of our bees at any time and if the moths have entered tile thee hive or comb they can be tr aeed traced found and destroyed which cannot be done in tho the common box hive bees lees will gather and store j just as much honey in a hollow log or s square gum am if all is right inside as t they e y belil billi will in any patent hive but how do you know all is right inside the box you may surmise it is right or not right by observing the movements of the beet bees at the tha entrance of the box but it is a game of chance in such hives or boxer boxes in the moveably frame hive it ia is a certia nty and we have it in our power to become conversant and acquainted with the habits odthe of the bugy busy little littie lii iti insects sects geets and it is our own fault if we let them perish or get them destroyed through neglect leet if the hive is you can supply tile the loss by introducing a new queen It teen or by giving them eggs and brood from some other hive which will enable the them M to raise a queen for themselves to fill the place of tho lost one all queens e c 11 should be removed when tva three 1 years old bid for at that ago they cease to bo be prolific and a young queen a should be given them if yov sov you wish your bees to pro prosper proper per pen and do well I 1 recommend every bee keep or to keep a journal or record also to number the hives that they may be known also the age ago of queen when divide dhow much surplus 1 ju oney anoy I 1 givenans give nand other I 1 it will be a sure reference at any time and save the ap apiarian larlan much unnecessary trouble you may regulate the tile raising of drones by removing the tho frame containing drone comb to the outside frame of the hive to be filled with honey or place it in your your sour hive con containing your purest italian italia bees beer r to raie rale raise pure italian drones to mate with your your virgin queena queens this tills plan ili iii will 1 improve stock of ing them to make ces by mating with a dark colored drone for I 1 consider that tho male or drone bee has more to do with keeping the italian stock pure than the female or queen bee there thero are aro too many drones raised to be of profit to the apiarian Inan in an apiary of from twenty to one hundred hives the drones raised ral ed III in two hives are all that aro are needed therefore it is a waste of honey to ralfe raife and fatten a lot of drones to be destroyed by the bees in the tho fall for the worker bees will not let them board with them all winter to oat eat up their store stores as thy they have done through the summer drones ro n es in honey gathering time are treated ted as a privileged characters for they will enter and le be received kindly in any hive i throughout h ut the apiary arif if f you ou have mauch too much drone comb auf cut it out of the frames in III the brood chamberland cham chamber berand and pisco place it in the surplus honey box boxes or frames to entice the becal bees to work and store their surplus honey instead of lying around the entrance idle for sometime sometimes it is difficult to get them to work in top or side honey box boxes I 1 another item in III favor of tho tho the moveable moveably move able comb hive is ki that if a colony ia is weak you can strengthen it by giving it one two or three cointa of brood bee bend cr bread A 0 or r honey whichever it if nee needs from m a strong colony and thus equa equalize liza ilza your becs beci artificial OR cuvir ino INQ can be accomplished and much need needless leas waste of time be saved paved in watching and waiting for the bees to swarm naturally if you take a fumigator nil 1111 it with dry catnip or pep pop peppermint light one end of f it and blow biow two or three s of the tho into the entrance of the hive a roll of rags or a dry chunk of rotten wood will answer the same mine aa as the fumigator to subdue the beeb beep bee then lake take take yo your ur new hive of the same size as the hives havee your bees I 1 are in for instance if you have four hives with bees in them take one or two frames from tho genter center center of the ilive hive no 1 and place them in th the tho new hive with nii alt the bees remaining on ork or adhering au hering horing to th tho the 0 comb sprinkle them with a little t le he aney ney water and the essence of ae peppermint mint or nutmegs nut megs to prevent t hem them from fighting place frames of empty comb or empty frames in no 1 and close it open no 2 and serve it the same also no s 3 and 4 thus you have from six to eight combs of bees and brood with honey in your new hive and have not weakened your hives to their detriment most of the old bees on their thel first flight will return to their own hive from which they werd were taken and leave a swarm of young bees in the new hive to raise themselves a queen isyou if you have a queen cell or a surplus queen bg by giving it to the bees on the next day ay you will save much time and have the new swarm in one wee week k as good as any hive or colony in your apiary you may repeat this oke ope operation operatic ratio a as fast as they m refill ti 11 those empt empty frames frayn you gave them thom it fir all ail depends upon the F peason the length of time intervening between making the swarms some seasons they will nil fill these frame frames framo 3 in less than one week if honey is plenty out of doors doom to divide your bees in the middle of the day do as I 1 have recommended above only as you take out the frames brugh brush ont oft all tho the bees from the fra frames mei into their own hives place the combs into your new now hive remove your strongest a colony awa away y one rod place your new hive in its stead and all tho returning bees from the field will enter the new hive and carry on the tile work of feeding the brood a raising ising the queen ac in all of your operations be sure not to remove your queen from her ber own home but if you want surplus honey honecy keep your colony or colonies very strong in numbers do not let them store too much honey in the brood chambers to cramp or curtail the queen in her dominions for if young bee bees i are not r raised abed inside of the hive to take the place of those that die and are lost in the fields your hive will dwindle and become useless for gathering surplus honey hence the necessity of using the honey extractor to remove the hone bone honey stored in the combs in the brood chamber and by returning those extrac extracted te combs to the hive ilive the queen will fill fall most of those combs with eg eggs K 8 before the workers have time to 1111 tili 1111 iiii them with honey thus keeping up the strength of your colonies s the honey extractor is a machine invented by major maior yon you hruska to empty of the honey without breakage so that the co comb mb can be used repeatedly to be refilled with honey or brood which is a great saving wing P of labor to the bees and profit to the ap apiarian larian also p producing doduc a superior quality of honey free from the mixture of the melted od old comb and the bitter bee bread brear and very often dead beeb bees there are several styles of mell or honey ex extra tractoN etora ctorn all made on the centrifugal force principle 1 I havo have used this thia season semion the t nose hoge geared red rod machine of gray J fe winder vinder nin vin der and have extracted three thousand five hundred and fifty pounds for myself and neighbors and I 1 ca can ean n say t that h at it has been 4 gatt great benefit to to t the he col coi colonies onies onles besides a profit in honey to the b bee keeper to mako make bee keeping profitable as abl well as a pleasure you must subscribe for and read the boe bee journal and learn from ddom the experience af pf others many thin things that will nill be bo of profit and addan advantage age to you the tho way to mice raise surplus queens for yourself first to ego wao u ao and have ou on hand when you need them in artificial swarming or to supersede an old queena have havo a hivo hive of or the tiie same game size or a trine tride wider than your standard hive hivo with an entrance to tho east mst ono to uhe the south and one ono to the west each side painted a different color to enable the young queens on their bridal trips to return evich emich to her own home or quart quarters err erg have this his t hive divided into three throe apartments apartment with a partition made ot of perforated tin place three in each apartment one one frazao of brood one of honey and one of empty in ty comb or hatchin hatching brood brow an and benough enough bees lees tees to keep til the e br brood warm and feed them insert your queen cells or let these nuclei faise raise their own queen or queen ceil cell 1 and when whon the queens are about abou t anve fl ve days old they will take their nuptial night and return to the red painted side shie or tile the blue or kleen kleon and each enter her own dominion in three or four dy |
