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Show Tale Mini BkMaffir their husbands "win receive pensions from the government, has been much controversy as to the in 1865 though all accounts agree it was under the provisions of a bill passed by Congress. More than 2000 applications have been filed with $Irs. E. M. Cohen that started the Indian uprising which it was settled in August, 1868, cost the lives Indian war veteran commissioner, and the records f service are being investigated and forwarded to the pension of 70 white persons, the destruction of thousands of dollars worth of property and an expense of $1,121,037 to the bureau at Washington D. C. for approval. Each veteran or his widow will receive on an average of $200 a year from Territory of Utah. ' During the Black Hawk Indian war for so it was called the government pension fund. Here is an account of one of the many hazardous expemore than 3000 men were called into active service to suppress Indian depredations. The brunt of the strife was ditions sent out to crush the activities of Chief Black Hawk borne by the settlers of the ravaged districts in Sevier, San- and his bands of .renegade Utes. The story was written pete, Kane, Piute, Iron and Washington counties and the from the report of Captain James Andrus, who led the commilitiamen who came to their assistance from other parts pany into the wilds of southern Utah A map drawn by of the territory. Captain Andrps, supplementing his report to Brigadier-Genert Erastus Snow, is also reproduced- - la the upper After many years the government has recognized the services of these men and all those who are able to prove right hand corner is shown the junction of the Green and service,' or widows who are able to prove the service of the Grand rivers, the point of destination of the party. THERE may suggest only a Croup of honorabla and honored pioneer usually with gray' or whit hair, or a number of widow of uch men. all waiting. , mom querulously aom resignedly, tha fulfillment of a belated promise, made by the United State It wlU government bring them an average of about (iMt a year for tha tew twelve month remaining to them is mortal life. Soma fifty odd year ago it was not so. Marauding Indiana more or less Cedt James associated loosely under the general leadership of Alack disgruntled son of chief, desolated outlying - Hawk, communities of settlers, pillaging and at times murdering. They seemed to threaten the very existence of civilization In certain parts of Utah. The answer was emphatic, and in threatened territory virtually every man able to bear arms became a potential Indian fighter, and Indian war veteran. The territorial militia, late the Nsuvoo Legion of the early days of the Church, provided the organization; and in those days as In the present the value of organisation was proved by Utah in rapidity and thoroughness of action. The red men were elusive; their raids sporadic. Sanpete county and the territory south of It as far aa Kanab and farther were among the chief, but by no means the only, sufferers. To some of the Utah leaders It appeared that tha Indians must have some sort of headquarters in the unexplored and unknown territory lying across the Wasatch range and stretching to the Colorado river. Perhaps it lay beyond that gash in the earth's surface, of the wonder mighty of which some scarcely credible tale ware already told. The result of this theory was an order tn the summer of 1844, to James Andrus, of Bt. George, participant in several expeditions against the Indiana. to take a company of men, with what guide he could muster and found and to learn if there were any crossingsnecessary, of the Colorado used by Indians in the stretch from the Buckskin mountains to the Junction of the Green and Grand rivers. The Buckskin mountains start in an almost perpendicular precipice thousands of feet high, overhanging the waters of the Colorado river in Arizona. They run north into Utah not far eastward from Kanab. Roughly speaking they may be considered as the southern continuation of the Wasatch range. To the territory lying northeast Capt. Andres found no guides. II would And comparatively few today. Capt. Andrus will not claim a pension under ' the act approved March 4. 117. He died not long ago at S George. At one time doubt waa expressed, by agents of the pension bureau - as to whether his expedition could really be considered a part of tbo Black Hawk That question has been settled. But thecampaigns. researches of Mrs. EL M Cohen, Utah pension commissioner, and of others, by which the affirmative answer waa obtained brought to light one of (he meet interesting documents of the many in the archives of the adjutant general of Utah, bearing on the early history of the slate. , This is the report of the expedition which is signed by James Andrus, aa captain, per F. B. Woolley, adjutant, and also by Mr. Woolley as adjutant. The document is dated at the City of St. George, Washington county,- - Utah Territory, 1 184, and is addressed to Brigadier General Erastus Snow, in command of the military district of Iron county. It begins; "I hav the honor to report the return to headquarters of the volunteer cavalry company under my command, lata on sendee aa a party, to tha Buckakin mountains the country between there and the mouth and of Green river. and al recon-nottert- ley to where the party stood. ,t Bewildering Scenery. ' "At noqn on Sunday, Sept. 2nd, we came suddenly but on to a high, hold promontory of the southeastern face, of the mountain, overlooking the country to the notheasi, cast and southeast and aoulb In some directions probably for a distance between 100 and 200 miles "Immediately under u and down the black volcanic precipice forming the southeastern face of the mountain, end more than 1000 feet below are three small lakes surrounded by groves of timber, beautifully situated, on a small plateau of one or two mile' extent on the mountainside that seems to have sunk down from the upper level of the mountain. These lakes may fct one time have been the craters of extinct volcanoes. anothe down "Below these lakes again. precipice to tbe southeast, is the Colorado plttteau, eee can naked, a as far away e)e stretching barren plain of rad and white sandstone, crossed, in all directions by innumerable gorges similar to those mentioned before. Occasional high buttes rising above the general level, the country gradually rising up to the ridges marking the ''breakers, or rocky bluffs of tha larger streams. The eun shining down on this vast red plain almost our eye by tha reflection aa it waa thrown back from the fiery surface. In the far distance a blue line mark the summits of high ranges of mountains lust vlaible over the plain to the east and southeast. Nearer, to the east, are Pot Se Nip mountains, viable to the southeast from Elk mountains Elk (noun- tains seen to the north of east, southeast.' Three name unknown, near small isolated mountain the Colorado, and forming the end of the spur of the mountain extending in that direction of lower elevation; and through a gap in which are aeen to the southeast and distant about 40- miles the breaks of a largo stream coming to the Colorado from the east southeast, supposed to be the 8t Johns river. (The San Juan river was probably either 49 miles south or 74 miles south of southeast from the viewpoint of the expedition at that time.) "To the north of east and distant about IS or 29 mile appear the breakers of two largo streams: One coming from the northeast, supposed to be Green rver; the other, coming from oast southeast, supposed to be Grand river. A short distance below tha Junction of the streams and directly facing ua to tha east the rocky gorge in which of a tba river flows opens out to near one-ha-lf mile in width, fora length of two or three mile Margin of stream covered with cottonwood timber. Gorge closes In at lower end of this little valley again and stream flows to the southwest. To ths northeast, and between the mountain and Green river are the breaks of another stream, flowing through the same naked red sandstone country, supposed to be Castle Creek. "To the north northeast is a very low gap, four or five miles wide, hi this chain of the rim of the heatn affording a pass to the Colorado plateau and soma of the country in th valley northeast of ns eight or ten mile, but not penetrating the country any considerable distance. Through this gap a small stream flows which rises on the west ride of the mountain to the north of ns and, after flowing southwest turns to the southeast and east and flows out by the gap to the Colorado. "We found no trails leading Into nor across this country. The Indians from Pot 6 Nip monn-tatn- a and southeast from there, when traveling to the north cross to ths Elk mbuntalns and thane by the Gunnison trail to Sanpete, etc. The elevation of this mountain may be better guessed at by this: Although the lakes below seemed to be almost under ns, and as if we could easily throw a stone into the nearest one from . where we stood, a g gun long range sighted for (00 yard held at tha opposite margin. threw a ball a little less than half way across, striking the water at what seemed to be about 29 rods from th shore. Reach Destination. "Being satisfied that the mouth of Green river, th point of our destination, was in sight before ua. and that we were as near to it as it was possible for us to get, and that there were no trails leading in that direction, ws unanimously agreed that w had carried out So far as practicable that and commenced our portion of your instruction return at 2 p-- m. of Sunday, September 2nd, hav. longiing reached a point in latitude about , in a country perhaps never betude about fore penetrated by white men; having traveled from 8L George in a generally northeast direction by onr trail a distance of about 40 mile. "Returning we crossed ths divide to the north to northwest and descending the mountainside th northwest, Frdm of base etc. the mountain the timber, northwest about 29 miles up s gentle slope, to t east barren, destitute of water, sheddiftg through gap before mentioned. About 12 miles a diswithin and after leaving the mountain, tance of two mile we crossed four heavy Indian trail coming from towards the head of the Revler leading north to the old Gunnison trail at the head of Otter creek. These trails do not seem to have been traveled very recently. "Passed on this slope in a number of places rude breastworks of rock, forming, however, no svstem of defense so far as we could discern, but thrown up in a hasty manner, and at points widely separated from each other. On tha summit of th bluff bordering Otter creek, at the head of a small canyon leading down to Grassy valley we found tbe most extensive of these work defending the head of the canyon, and in case of defeat affording some shelter in retreating to the rocks and timber in the rear. "In this canyon we found where the Indians who drove the cattle from Circleville camped for some Urn keeping the cattle in this can von, some of them tied to Ihe trees for several day Rock still remain on which they dried their meat. The approach to them from Grass Valley, up this email canyon was easily defended. being narrow, steep, rocky and brushy. Five miles further southeast. Otter creek In Graae valley, flowing southwesterly, is met by the east fork of the Sevier, coming from the south. A large settlement Is recommended here, partiv as a defense against Indian raids, the position being strategic, in the view of CajiL Andrus, and partly because of the agricultural opportumtie Tha Was 19 miles from Circleville. where the party arrived September 4, having started the reon turn th evening of September 2. The remainder of the trip was without Incident, through Parowan, Cedar and Toquervilh, to .St.. Georg . Capt. Andrus conclude from his reconnaissance that th only trails between St. George and the mouth of the Green river leading to the trading trp to "Ihe Sevier, east fork, across Into the Paris basin, and then to Kapu creek, and ao to the Ute crowing of the Colorado; a branch of this down tho west side of the Parts, and crossing near tho mouth of that tributary at what U 'sometimes called "Jacobcrossing: this trail havirg been traveled by Br. Jacob Hamblin in some of his visits to and finally a small foot trail Moqui village encountered In Potato Valiev, which the members of ths eapedition did not follow to th yfrer. 4 1 daa-sei- . S -- , - Muster Roll of Indian Expedition to Reach Junction of Grand and Green Rivers ' Franklin D. Woolley, Adjutant, James Andrus, Capt., THIRD PLATOON. SECOND PLATOON. FIRST PLATOON Woodruff John Freeman, Willis Ooptan, second Vest. wooed lirwL. George Petty, sergeant. Thales Hastings George Gould, sergeant. Private Privates. Privates Alfred Ford. George William Jease W. Ckoaby Jr, . Albert Beebe. Hiram Pollock. James Cragun Thomas Jefferson Clark, Georgs Ison John Howaton, hsmsni (Baric plnaey. Newton Adair, David Cussmss, Frederick Dickerson Riggs, Jamas A Stratum, Mahonrt Snow, Robert H. Brows. Lrfai SnaRiwon, William Meeks, William Gardner, Uijah Averett, Jr, William Edwards Cowley, Gardner William Slade, Potter, Henry MoFalo, Walter Wlnaor Homes Bracken. Archibald Sullivan. William Riggs. Benjamin KneBL John Lay. . Company Mastered In. Tha company waa mustered into sendee August 1C, Capt. Andrus and part of tha comGoulds pany using ranch, 2 miles east of St. Uaorga a a rendexvoun - other members of the company were directed to proceed by way of Pa rowan and the Sevier and to Join the and his forces on the head sratera of thecaptain "Pah ing out a couple of reconnoRerlng parties. On Rear, now generaly spelled either Pah-Reor went down th Part but returned early, finding -Capt. Andrus and his party left Gould's yImpassable. owng to depoei aneh August II. proceeding up what he terms The other went from recant flood Gonlds canyon, by way of a good pass of easy quicksand eastward, but found no recant trees of Indian grade to tbe Pipe Springs plateau. Lieutenant Joseph Fish, who bad left Farowan "On Sunday, August 19. the party reached in Iron county August 22. with 12 ms reached or Whitmore's ranch, east from St. th camp Sunday, August 24, having traveled 94 Pip Rp rings, George about 49 mile and south about I mile miles over a routs "practicable In summer for Here four beeves were procured, killed and dried. Her follow the relation of th wagon "On Tuesday, 21st. we mustered in camp on most serious misadvanture to tha party, and its one firm lieutenant, on bugler, four captain, It mar best be only encounter with Indian second lieu tenant tour sergeant thirty-fiv- e told hi th language of th report: well outfitted with one saddle-hors- e private to Encounter Indian each man, one pack animal for eaeh two men, "Some of our animals being unfit for service, and 49 days' rations; equipped generally with disencumber ourselves as one good, longe-rang-e rifle and two revolvers and deeming it bestwstosent back Elijah Averett, ' each. much as pomibl Albert Beebe. Fredsnow. The next stop was at "Canab settlement Charles Pinney. Georg in Hiram and Pollock, having erick miles further along. "The fort and Reggus (Kanab) It etc. ' houses remain in the asms condition as when charge 14 animals, spar camp 2 equipage, p. m., and at abandoned by the settlers last March. This piac They started from camp about would support a settlement of from 29 tq (9 the asms time we moved camp N. E. r. 7 miles to At Coal point, on a branch of the families, and a military poet here would command the peases of the Buckskin mountain and the about 4:20 p. tn., and at a point 4 miles 8. W. wayNo. 7, th returning party Wr trails leading into th settlements on ths Virgin." from Camp laid by Indians whils crossing a deep gorge and From Kanab. tbs expedition turned "N.N.W. Tha foremott a ledge of rock steep up Kenyon ranch kanyon, thence N. E. by np pamlng man. Elijah Averett, being dismounted and leadand bead of Silver kanScootenbeugh ranch was fir and bekilled at first animal yon and the upper end of Buckakin mountain to ing two The party h fore b could make any reststanc The route teas found to be Valley. were all dismounted and leading their animals up over a high pas with steep, difficult croeslngs of breaks and washes putting in to tha Pari tbs steep acclivity at the time the attack waa mad Georg enow received an arrow wound Friday. August 24, found the party on th in th left shoulder. Paris headwaters, in the basin which now sup"Supposing there was a large party of tbs ports the communities of Tropic, Cannonville, and HenrieVUl Indian all of which lie in tha present Garthey retreated to ths opposite side of field county. Peases into th basin are daacrtb the gorgs sad took shelter in the cedars; three d with some minuteness, la line with the miliof them continuing their retreat 'to sur camp, tary duties of .the expedition. Two of these lend where theywaaarrived about I p.In n. One from exthe timber; the left accreted to the northeast "Into a similar valley railed by haustion ua Potato valley. and so known to modern day other .on Hiram Pollock, after discharging his pistols at tha Indian became separated from his cartographers Another pass is described over th basin into the valley of the east fork of the comrades an remained coo oe sled near the place now until h as f th Indians depart with th horses is tbe location of some of the Sevier, which and th dtr tlon they had take best agricultural settlements of Garfield county, G laagaiag of this disaster we at one d- -r Tbia waa known including Cojolo and Wtdtao and if possible tailed 2S men to give pursuit as the "Ute trail, and continued on through th basin tn which th party now found itself to punish the Indiana About 1H mils from camp ws met H. Pollock returning, from whom w . southward and eastward, to the "Old Ute cross- iegv-w- e known even tn'thoee dkJAtif the "teamed The course ths radians Bad gonL and as ws deemed it assises to search for tho yniSBtng Colorado river. man in ths night, ws changed our count and The expedition had now traveled 111 miles instead of following out on th trail taken by th from SC George, and allowing for the delays of party, we want down ths Pah Rear with tha demustering and for killing and drying their meat will ssen be that It had made fairly sign of Intercepting tha Indians in or near th supply, it tn nine Rear kanyon. At 12 o'clock ws cams upon had out it been Pah the time from good days their trail at th crossing of ths Stream and 19 Gould's ranch. The Iron county contingent bed minutes later overtook (hem as they were as not yet arrived, so Saturday was utilised bj sand- ah - Pah-Rea- Pah-Rea- .... -- as the foot of the maintain, surrounded by grove of trees qnd by grassy knolls. Traces of a small party of "Picoes bunting elk were noticed but Bo Indians were seen. Not far away, on the same day (Saturday. .Sept. 1) they came to a place when they 'obtained a view of the entire Sevier basin from a Beaver Mountain, 7S mile to the west, the "Fillmore mountains further north, the "Salt Creak mountains!' near Salina. to the northwest, end the entire range on the east side of the val- u Aidns . B) ' too mu; nowaday tha TO airly Charles John Thomas, bugler. FIFTH PLATOON FOURTH .PLATOON Albert Miserly, second Bent. Joseph Flab, second Uest ' Private Rhjah H. Maxfieid. sergeattt. William C. McGregor. Enoch Bardie, WUBam A. Bringbem George Richard John b. Adams. Tboam Robb Joseph & McOve, John Batty. John Whtte, A. Wardswortt Thomas Rowley, George lammed H. Redd, Richard Heber Beoaon, Francis Prince, Edward Parry, Robert Richardson. Samuel Wood, Ett X. Pace. Andrew Carry. James Brigham Thompson. Horatio MorrilL cending a point of th mountain. Ws surround- sd ths piac aa quickly as possible, but In ths tbs Indians escaped to ths mountain, Ws remained on ths ground tfittil daylight, supposing w had soma of them driven into a small cove near where w overtook them, but In th morning found ws bad bean mistaken and that there were but tws Indians engaged in tba matter. and they had escaped and war beyond successful pursuit. The country Into which they had retreated was rough and impracticable for cavalry. "W recovered 12 of the animals and equipage, I of them having escaped at th time of their m. attack in th afternoon. About 19 oclock of tho 27 (Monday) w recovered and buried tha body of Averett and also recovered ths other man. much exhausted from fatigue and exposur "Returned to Camp I at Coal point tn tba afternoon. At this place numerous veins ef stone coal crop out on tbo hillside , Reach Potato Valley. Tha march towards Potato valley was nwara-e- d, up a branch of the Paris for 19 mOes "thane up a steep, clay ridg barely wide enough at times to afford footing for our -- ni.iv one of a .senes of such ridges between deep, almost perpendicular gullies worn in ths mountain side by storms of age and tba only one on ths entire face of tha mountain between Sandstone point (about, 29 miles away) and Table mountain that la at ail practicable as a trail. Evan 'this waa found very steep, difficult and dangerous: "One of our animals in attempting one of the ledges waa overbalanced by hi pack and rolled some distance down th mountain aid Fortunately, the ride down which be fell was leas steep than th opposite on or he would have bees Inevitably dashed to piece With some difficulty he was recovered, not much injured, but adds chronicler with a (the suggestion of tho humorous side of outdoor Ufa) mads mors circumspect by his experience. Th party was now on th edge of th Potato valley in about th geographical canter of Gar-fie-ld county. It la a region as yet Uttl known to th outride wotld, although th town of Escalante, its center, is said to have on of th richest popula- Ilona 2V Capita, qt any intb nation, Incidents of the trip had not yet ceased: "Arrived at the summit of tho divide the as if by magic, to a scenery at once change beautiful park. Green, grassy meadow grorm of timber on sloping hillside streams of clear, cold water a bedding into a small open valley fora the center of the plctur Very refreshing after th barrenness of the Pah Rear rid "While climbing the ridge and for some time r lightning seamed to play around our heads: and tils thunder mads ths mountains shake, soma- tlmss seaming almost to Ufl us from th ground.' Traveling, however, was still difficult, and although tha party found traces of an old Indian trail down tho narrow gorge Into which tho waters of the park poured, the decision waa reached to torn to th left, and, after passing-aroun- d tha heads of tha washes leading eastward, to seek soma other (mas farther to the north, by which they might reach th lowlands, it proved to be aa anfortunata decision! "We found thin way th roughest country w had yet passed over, a succession of deep hollow with steep, rough, rocky sides almost impracticable at first, and worse as we proceeded, until It was impossible to proceed in our course any farther. Turning back a abort distance, after considerable search we found a placs .where w could descend from th ridg which we had been following to tbe plain below. The descent waa over ledges of lengthy, difficult and daagerou rock with barely footing enough for our animals. "One cl our horse In descending a steep ledge, lost his footing and was precipitated over a cliff a distance of nearly 49 feet, breaking hla shoulder and otherwise bruising him badly. Ws were obliged to kill him. Had ho been unhurt, it would her been impossible to have gotten him off alive from the ledge on which ho lodged in his descent. That night (Wednesday, August 29) the party camped on a stream which they called Cottonwood, probably one of th main branches of the river now known as ths Escalante, and experienced "quite a heavy frost, Something of tho resources of that valley even hi its then virgin state were apparent to tho visitor and are recounted in the report. The reconnoiterera found wild potatoes from which tho valley took . Jts name. Unsuccessful efforts were mads by ths expedition to get out of Potato valley by some route to the east or northeast, in the general direction of the junction of the-- Orem and the Grand. The report says:. whole of this country' from th noun . . "The .. these narrow deep,' perpendicular crevice of Which are hundreds of feet in depth and but a rod or two in width. Accordingly the party ascended th mountain again, taking a northerly course on to what is known to modern aa th near the northern aide of- -Aquarius plateau, Garfield county. Hera a descent waa mad on the north-we- tt aid of th mountain to "Deep Lake, a beautiful. clear sheet of water romantically situated at map-make- rs breech-loadin- - . M |