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Show .,...., .. ' t I X- . - - - ', ..' . . ,, i ' ' ' f . :.DESERET EVENING lim'NE'S SATURDAY - I.- - . I , - .... ' -- 0 MARC!! -- 14 1914 4 ' ' , . ., n ARilik. , , ''.1 17 11 (k.. .., the i. Fraiitç-.a..(0.r0Oitër,,Wr,44sFeptl- 1 1) A Road Which 'Rises Three Miles in One Hundred; and Is Worked With Oil It Was Built es--How, The 'Vegatestion of the Andes and the Abandoned Terraces -- I desert wan ..-.- - . -- Teirpis y' ,- Pictures Roof of the World." - 1 --- , th' - I Might come out into the region where the waters swarm with turtles h and alligators, and where: the .vegetation là a dense .. jungle with palms, rubber treekand all sorts of tropl- w cal fruita On this side of the 'mountains there is no rain and everything is dry,: On lha other side it rains all the. time. The Blume river here is not fed . by the rains. It comes Item the snows, which the winds from the east have left on the tops- it the , Andes, . The of the arid Andes is vegetation . remarkable. I eat on the real: platform of the car and dictated My - notes as we wound our way up the cliffs -- Wear thtill no- green ;nighty rocks , seemed , perfectly bar'e and there was nosoll or any green thing. By looking closely, however, I found gray cacti nioss, - ...clinging to the rocks and silver-grawhich in: Versa covered, the statute- - likera-ittantle- .-' These plants were probably fed by the dews. It was hot until We reached Tamboraque, at an altitude uf almost iwo miles, that we found our first sprinkling of green. There the rocks seemed dust- ed; with emeralds, and the green grew fresher and ;''' more abundant from ;Kiri to the tope of the mountaine.; At two miles and a half, I found the Andes c covered rith a thin grass, and where I am ,now, at .: the beginning of plateau that is upheld by.two of the ranges which run through Peru. there is Plenty of feed for llamas and sheep. Within the last three or four hours we save passed ittily wild flowers. At one Place I encountered forty varieties and from where I am sitting Lan see buttarcups without numbera and great yelloet dandelions are lo6king at me through their yellow eyes out of the rocks. 11Mqrid-----ek- JuLRimc.. Va11ey , ' if the Amazon, .- Taken an - NN - -- the , IncasThe , t, Engin- of the .... ' ' 411CittAitlIttrtidoihOgIttl'Att420 , ' , . - , 314 41;4411 SECTION ITIVO . . . . . . . - : . at thd-gre- , Bpecial Correspondence.) ICLIO. Peria- -2 am .dictating this letter ,. ' . . on 6. an ellburninientine On the very top ,of the My seeretary sits by my side in the cab and takes down the notes. The air is the so rare that 2 eau hardly Uric, and it below great fliunes of petroleum it the furnace that take the chill from our hones. We are a ahort crosses from Tien, above the DUO which distance , , the on ocean way Pacific tiountelbs the from the - to the Atlantic, and at the very highest:itilroad point of the world. We are higher up in the air of than any mountain in the Vaned States- outside Mont-, the above feet top of Alaska. We are 100 ' the sacred than Blanc and 2,000 'feet higher peak' of Puillatn4 in far-OIapan. If I could fly on this , plane north to Pikes peak I should hays to drop ' ,II, Andes. ; .1s-o- ' ' The' greater part of the way up the mountains we were near to or high above the Rimac river. The valley narrows and widens. In some places you could jump from one side of it to the other, and again it is so wide that it would take half an hour cross it. All along through the valley there are patches of crops. There are litle fields of alfalfa, not as bigas.a. bed quilt, and terraces which run step by step up the sides of the mountains, all covered with green. Every bit of available land is used. The stones 'are picked off and the walls are built round : ft little patches of soil not as.large as the hotel dining table. The valley of the Rime is quite wide near thp ocean, and there you see cattle and sh4p. There are some large fields with mud walls about them. and also haciendas with comfortable buildings. As we go further into the mountains the fields grow smaller and smaller. All the farming is by itrigation, and that in terraces where'the strip cultivation are.often only three or four feet in sehdth. Nevertheless, these late farms tun far up the mountains. I am told that a workman fell out of a field yesterday and rolled down fifty feet. Above these terraces are the marks of other terraces which were once used by the Incas. They tilled a hundred acres where isodern Peru tills one. All the way from the ocean to the tops of the Andes we passed towns and villages. At the sea is the port of Callao, on one of the finest harbors of the west coast. Seven miles further inland lies the city of the kings, the Peruvian capital of Lima and- - goingon up the valley, at an altitude ot3000 feet, you stop at Chosica, a summer resort, where a Score of big Cholo women, clad in short skirts and shawls and white Panama hats. stand on the station platform, selling oranges, tomatoes, peaches, watermelons and strawberries. I there bought six oranges at three cents apiece, and an alligator pear that weighed a pound for a fickle. Higher still we came to the towns of the Indians. Here the houses , were all of one story, the most of them being rude stone huts thatched with straw. The people db Mgt, build in.the fields, for the land is too valuable thert4.-They huddle together out on the edges of the valley or on the rocky, places close to the river. They go out to work on the terraces and patches of sall, you now and then see them driving their llamas loaded with burdens over the trails. Here they are herding sheep1 standing up and spinning wool as they do so, and there bending over digging the soil. They are short and copper colored, And thei look , worked to death. , . Main, if 'still befarr. above tie feet height of Mount Whitney. Our actual altitude is I5,111 feet above the sea, and all about-- us ars mountains that rise several thousand feet higher. Over there is Mount Malaya' whose altitude is over 17,000 feet. and not far away is another mountain that ascends to 20,000 sAtt,r 2 fell 1,000 , - Mr. Carpenter says it is 15,865 feet high here and the peaks LWE"."'"1"". ' As I write we seem to be In a great fortifics lion on the Very root of the world- - We ere in basin surrounded by gigantic walls of blue. black. ' white. red and gray rock. We are also In a great Morocooha mines, upon which the altitude is al- can count a half dozen mighty glacier garden. most. 11,000 feet. The road, was suggested by a ice river from where I am sitting and there are but the Man who laid it out and con- glacittir so near that I could almost throw a atone eructed the greater part ot it was Henry Mains, an 4n the ice as I stand up in the cab. American. Meigge raised the money to build it, and, . In fact, he is entitled to the credit of its construe- oge the, skirwea bright blueNow the ) tionr ItIrt- began to- - work it- awar-bsein 180,-wind has,come up and The clouds hang low over and in 1176, when he died, he had completed it aS ' the glaciers. The black mitoses rest on, the ice. aiul far sui Chicla, a point inore than two and one-ha- lf it seems to be flowing out of- the clouds down the miles above the aria. By that time the twenty-seve- n hills. Some of the glaciers are of enormous extent or twenty-eig, million dollars which he had raised can sea one that seems to be the whole top of its construction was exhausted and the work the mountain; and near it another bas burst out etopPed. It was resumed soine years later and in of tbe rocks and half fallen in am log veil down to 13113 was completed to OroYa, a distance of 13t miles Covered with thn vidley.The top of that glacier from the coastiThe extension to the rich ,valley of enow but the face toward the train la this veil of Huancayowas finished only six years ago. icicles, 'through which you can lee the ice wall be. The road wall originally planned to roach the rich hind. We bays here the sun of the tropics. It fights silver and copper mines of Cerro de Bases, but at- with the cold of the highlands. and the battle goes going over the peel at an altitude of 15.660 feet, on all the time. You can never be cure of the weath- tr. It may be clear for a vieek and it may snow day - came down about 3,000 feet:and stopped at Oroya- by an American syndi- and night. In the winter the mountain blasts are Then the Inines were bought a standard gauge has built this and cate, syndicate so fierce and the glare so great that the trainmen of have to use smoked glasses to keep from becoming railway from Oroyai along the high la plateau an at which still to its Andes center, the mining snow bilud. altitude of 14,208 feet. I expect to ff) over that road !tut before describe thevente wonders about within a few days and abaft write of it later. , me let me tell you something of this road from the sea. to the Clouds. It la the world's greatest The Central Railway of Peru is considered by exwonder in the war et railway construction. It be. the moot wonderful piece of railroad enperts gins on the Pacific ocean at the port of Callao, and on earth. It reaches the highest point ever gineering In 100 miles it climbs up the mountains to an alit. crossed ,by rail, and its course from the sea to the feet. of .crossee It tudk 45,202 the pass,at 200 feet taps Of the mountains is almost Mraight up into the lower . and then goee down to the Indian market crow flier from the Moro- town of Oroya on the other aide of the range. Oroya air. The distance se the cocha Pingto the ocean cannot, I should say,- be is Jtot ,great distance from the navigable tribu. of the road, with all the windings tarlea it the 'Amason riven and the day will prob . fifty pales and with its loops. twists and turas, its sigssgs and its ably come ,when this road will form e part of a itunnels and its other contortions by which it climbs 'steam route across South America. Leaving Lima for wildest this up part of the world it is only 100 miles. Ibis 100 miles the track stesdily rises. rrom the All is this accomplished Without the rack of 'of, sea td the top of the pass the averase grade le or cog systems used on other high roads. and abou J peauoont;, and there la no place whore a with a grade of only about four Or cent. There train or Char. if left on the main track . would not that grade from the sea, to the elide by gravity clear down into the ocean. The-roa- II not one inch of down must climb all the way up. top, and -the heavy cars Is of standard gauge and ite roiling stock is largely American. The engines burn fuel oil. which comes from northern Per and the 1ourney The rout a for the road is the valley of the Ilinutu through. out is accomplished, without dust or cinders. The river,' a rushing stream of snow water which bursts system of brakes which assures safetyla .both forth from the glaciers of the high Andes. and rolls British and American. and In the descent k pilot over rocks, through gorges, 13333 of white foam ail the way to the 'ea. In places the road la high above car siwaya goes In ativance .of the This road Ito known as the Central Railway of the river, clinging to the sides of the it'll: again it where-the-1- u; to the government and-- is undek Is on the the managemept of the PeruTtan: Corporation. a space was not wide enough for both road and river Pritikit company that has control tft,the railwass of the engineers made a tunnel ;through the mountains '7 the republic. The railway runs from Callao on the and turned the strearh out of its touree to use its bed pecific? to Ituancsyn; 270 Miles distant . on the for the track.' ' Atlantic side of , the 'Andel'. It crosses the coast range - at 16,105-- - feet, vritivw branch In coming uithe mountains--A, u 33 throu tom, the " CLIMBING. ONE OF TmE GRADES . are at least 2,000 feet higher still APPRIWIOVIOWIOWAVONFOOMPOPOKWeal ' -- - - ht 'I ' -- el-nin- e- nel after tunnel and over bridges of steel, which span mighty- gorges. There are altogether sixty-fiv- e n nein and trip bridges in the and there are sixteen switchbacks located on the sides of the mountains where the road could climb in no other way. . :I ill 9- n d e- r of the construction is that 'the steepness of the mountains has been conquered by this four per cent grade. The Denver and Rio n. 100-mil- sixty-seve- 4 - The-fres- Grin-rid- e narrow louse in Colorado reaches its 10,806-folevel at Alarshall Pass, but knoing so it starts at mile,. above the sea at the foothills of the Rockies, and when It has gone for hundreds of miles through the gorges it has attained an altitude which is still a mile lower than the highest rail on the Central. The Transandean road which crosses from Buenos Aires to Chile is not more than two miles in height and the Uganda road, which beginning' at Mom-te- r basa on the east coast of Africa, goes over the di-Ids to Lake Victoria, is several thousand feet lower. The other high railways require days for the climb. The Central takes you from sea level to a in mountain point higher than the top of any Europe or the tnited States proper between break. fast and dinner; and if your heart can stand the strain and you can keep off the soroche, you may be in comfort all the way up.- ot it The soroche is the great thorn In the rose of this wonderful journey. It Is the mountain sickness that afflicts almost all when they take this mighty leap. of three miles straight up into the air. It brings on faintnees, terrible headaches, and often a bleeding at the eyes and nose. It is worse than seasickness for the vomiting is accompanied by diarrhea' and terrible retching. Some have the clsettee in a less degree and some cannot stand it at all. ling bottle," and he thereupon asked me to trx it. "But will this do the business?" said I. "I don't know," he replied, but if not, I have a sure cure here," and he thereupon opened his bag and showed me the levelver. tok4.4s-abothe only safe --cut e L This for soroche. The doctors can do nothing to help you, and every one Is sure to get it If he stays long on the tops of the Andes. One may have It again and again and any indiscretion may bring On an attack. I doubt not I shall be more afflicted as I go on with this journey. but I shall keep out in the fresh air and I hoe to get through. last-1-an- i-, ut I despair of making you see all the wonders of our e mountains. The long chain of the Andes trip walls the whole side of this continent. It begins at Cape Home and the fiords of the Strait of Magellan and goes north crawling close to the coast in a great winding rampart for a distance of 4,500 miles, when it drops down into our cut of Culebra on the Isthmus of Panama. Throughout the whole length, except at the top and the bottom, this chain has peaks which are three or four miles in height. Its average elevation is more than 12,000, feet, or almost the height ot rujiyama; jaPan.: MounrAcon-- ' caqua, in Chile, is about 23,000; Mount Misti, in southern Peru, is over 20,000 and there is a peak, within sight of my ,eyes, that is 21,000 and more. :North of here, in Ecuador, are many volcanoes, including Chimborazo, more than four miles in height; and .south of me, In Bolivia, is a plateau which has an average altitude of 13,000 feet, with no drainage to either the Atlantic or the Pacific. Right here in Peru are some of the highest elevations, and I shall have to go over, a pass of 14,000 feet on my way to the Inca city of Cuzco and I shall errs Lake Titicaca, Which, itself, is almost two and one-hamiles above the sea. up-th- lf n As I came here today 1 could feel the air Mg rarer, and My machinery moving with more These striking altitudes are the more impressive and more friction; At 10,4300 feet rnv voice was so :' on account of the steepness of the range which runs weak 't could not have whistled a dog and much of my'dictation at 15,000 has beeirdone in a whisper, .alcing the coast. it begins right at the sea, only a narrow strip of sand separating It from.the ocean, level I found tn)self After we passed the and it 'jumps, as it were, Into the clouds. I rode this to it whether each sentence see, wad worth .weighing the breath to utter it. At the stations I walked very morning through Lima, a city of perhaps 150,000. It la situated on the banks of the Mimic, close to slowly, and when the train started unexpectedly at the gorge into which we started as We came Up theCasapalca and I had to run to get on I was- Pant. -... mountains: -for five rninutels before Lrecovered. Just now my ears are thumping and the top of my head feelsthough It was being pried up with During the first-- part of our journey we passed In the cars behind me there are men And we. through an Irrigated Valley. Tbere are fields of .almen boldini'amelling bottles to their noses to re. :cane and other green crops on both sides falfa,sugar vive 'their faint heart s. and there is one Peruvian of the railroad, but' the mountains over the valley hp has a bottle to his nose end a gun in his bag. were as arid as the Sahara.. I remember I thought Before Came out of the train he told me be had the difference- - between- - the two sides. of the An.; "a , twe cur s for dle Jroch. th.5; kind that if I could bore a:bole right. through grow-pinio- to .14 , . . 4Srytial Correspandence. A 8 It Al l, .4 4,, " 2? !Pe e- - t4 ' ;N Maisrts.lhonlIet:or TON, ti7e corn and U. itt every township of the state . with the exception p those previouslr disposed 'of by the goVernment (for which lieu' lands were prescribed), those- or embraced in, permanexitreserv s ge land office ...pc! llm riatkmal tpurposes. and those completed a tioni-fwhich he will embraced in Indian. military and other, reservations, are granted to the state , for the support of public schools. to s . the The act itself carrit4 no r.Aservation ht.twitie versy' ., ii i,, 41tate et Utah and of coal or mineral ',.lands. and the tf;;;;:-,11-the ' United States state hes made many sales ,to private , over the tips to individuals and' corporations- - believing avhool lands srantedthe gate tor the and leading the grantees id believe tuPPort of common 44e,tools. that the sale was .absolute, and' that The- enabling passed by Onntreell the fee simple title i the land passed. July- It, 1894, proscribes that uPon ad In some cameo large amounts of money Inik,sion to the Union. section 2., 48,,, 12 hare been spent in placing improve trol at . , .. , , . We stopped at Matucana for dinner, being rerved with plates of soup containing chunks of meat as big as your fist, and a half dozen vegetables all stewed together. We had also beetstelk and eggs, and red strawberries fresh from the vines. Hero and there along the trip we passed mining ' tiiwns, and we stopped a while at Casapalca, where sends the great smelter of Backus & Johnson volumes of sulphur into the air. Much of the ore is brought In by llamas, and we saw hundreds of beasts trotting along with these little camel-lik- e their loads of silver and cpper. Casapalca is 13,600 fAt high, and the climb from there to Tien is more than 2,000 feet. Just, below Ticlio is the Galera tunnel that goes through Mount Meiggs to the other slope of the mountains. At that point you an see the streams flowing both can stand on one place and throw Ways and chips into waters that flow to both oceans. I knew - of this, and had prepared two email bottles with in them. They were tightly corked...I-Tin- t , messages each stream and set them adrift. One of thole-betties floated away down the eastern side of toe' AndesIt mayreachhereayali,0 ne of the tributaries of the Amazon, and go on its long voyage of three or four thousand miles into the salt water of the Atlantic. The, other floated rapidly toward the Pacific. It will soon reach the Rimac river, and If it can withstand the rocks it will be at Callao lit journey. sonnthing Iess than a FRANK G. CARPENTER. , SSIP FR M WASHING:TON NEWS AN . 1. -- - , ; " (no state of Csi Vora's, for ' ments upon the land and in some sing stances the specific landa are Ind's- - purposes was not intended to cove-section is 'identified pensable to continued operation of mills mineral lands. Such lands were. by the by the government survey and no of considerable magnitude., and toIfl .. settle(' policy of the general :Ot ehe state would 4attach. if litiniari.rgran 03. at all. ... I work great hardship, ' , The greatest difficulty bas arisen in ,asserted thereto under. the ,mining or other land over of Nettled Ustah public construction as it laws, the The depertment regards the proper presumplaw that a grant f lands to a $t4te for the phrase 2known to chiefly valu- tion arises that the title to the land school purposes does ot earry lands able fm mineral at the time when the haa pkIssed to the state, but this preknown to be chiefly valuable for min- states rights would attach." Many sumption may be overcome by the Suberal at a time whim the otate's rights of the lands in Utah, title to which mission of salisfactory proof to the I would attach, it at all. This wording is now conteate& were not known to be contrary." The geological survey In cla ?drying was used .by the department in ,a &- - Mineral at the time of statehood. thp MeabSmineral lands for withdrawal on ace tint, of character having been Onion in an appeal peso brought by the state of Utah in 1903. In 1838 the equently discovered, 'their being mineral bearing have desigolAtistructituta-aPProvenated- whole- sections where there Is Insum-ern- e United of States d the court held that the grant of tho sixteenth by the department of the interior, dication of mineral in hut 'mall por -sections of public land .March 6 , 1903, contains this follow tiontk The result le that the present and thirty-sixtin-I- to h' . claimants feel no security tthiteleirs: laTndh:y Pl(Ilissenosts In their edeerutlistnuadteedthea: mlnéral bearing and clahned by the national government. If after 10 and ir years of quiet possession titles are contested, it is not,unlikely that 50 or 100 years belies contests will arise. , STATE OFFICIALS ACT. A short time ago Zrtrvernor Spry. Attorney General Barnes, 'W: D. Candland. president, and W. a. Lynch, seerettyry of the state land board. scame to ,Washington to endeavor to - secure a ruling that. W illpermanPntly- settle the tnatter. Senators Smoot and Sutherland assisted in the work. Hearings tcrhe.e;e1:elneeirad bicalnodreo finhtee caonma me,c1 ssrleotnaer:r, to.1 theAnterier..WIM onceapproola ted the necessity for definite action or some kind, and it is expectad that the law proposed will quiet the title 'of all prior purchasers and determine defi- nitely the proceedure of the state in the future disposition of School lands. Charles Frederick has been appointed postmaster at Frederick, G9shen ty. Wyoming, In the plact ot conk s' k'rederick. Benjamin F. Cunningham has been apppinted postmaster at the now office at. Lysite. lorMonticounty, According to a statement from the teontinued on page. eleven.) , , |
