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Show Page Itt THE DAILY HERALD, Pnrvo, I'tah, Friday. October II, 19 Joseph Pulitzer transformed J' America's journalism tradition By ALF PRATTE Special to The Daily Herald A biography of Joseph Pulitzer that recently aired on the Arts & Entertainment channel should prove interesting to Daily Herald readers. Pulitzer founded the company that recently purchased the Herald, allowing the paper to share in the rich journalism heritage established by the famous newspaper magnate. Watch for repeats of the program on the A&E channel. Honored posthumously in 1934 as "the leading American editor of "modern times," Joseph Pulitzer revolutionized American journalism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries with his editorial crusades advocating progressive reforms. Pulitzer's St. Louis founded in 1878, and the New York World, founded in 1883 (one of the most . influential U.S. newspapers of the ?ilay), became models for 20th cen-- : Jury dailies, according to histori- ans. I In them Pulitzer pioneered the t'new journalism" form of more . aggressiv reporting, catchy head- -' lines, slufits, crusades, illustra-- ! tions. and the Sunday paper. He emphasized coverage of ; sports for the working man, and he also stressed women's news straddling a fine line between ignoring and endorsing feminism. It was one of Pulitzer's reporters, Nelly Bly, who in 1888-8- 9 became one of the first celebrid ty journalists after her epic if see to she could trip beat the time in Jules Verne's novel, "Around the World in 80 Days." :' Bly made the 24.899-mil- e trek "ia 72 days, six hours and minutes, helping to focus attention on the role of women in journalism. Her other more serious investigative exposes helped earn her the reputation of the "best reporter in America." Pulitzer said one reason for his flamboyant style was to lure readers and opinion leaders to the editorial pages, which he considered the heart of the paper. "I want to talk to a nation, not a select committee," he emphasized in editorial crusades built around tiis "platform" to tax luxuries, tax inheritances, tax large incomes, tax monopolies, tax the privileged corporations, impose tariffs on revenues, reform the civil service, prosecute corrupt officers, punish vote buying and expose employers who coerce employees to vote for selected "V. ft J 1 ct around-the-worl- 1 1 Joseph Pulitzer candidates. Pulitzer, a Hungarian immigrant born in 1847, became a champion of the underdog. In the process, he attracted mass audiences and accumulated a fortune estimated at $20 million. He successfully led the crusade advocating that the Brooklyn Bridge be free for workers who commuted across it. And he used the powerful New York World to raise funds for construction of the pedestal structure for the Statue of Liberty when it was given to the United States by France. But amid successes, controversy also surfaced. As is noted by historians such as W.A. Swanberg and Edwin Emery, and in Walt movie "Newsies," Disney's Pulitzer at times exploited news carriers, staff workers and the pub- Post-Dispat- m Out-caul- it .I San Francisco Jail inmate Cynthia Abrams smiles I as she relaxes with other inmates after receiving By MICHAEL HYTHA Newspapers SAN FRANCISCO Jail inmate Victoria Hampton has traded a heroin-fille- d syringe for a different type of needle. She sits patiently while an acupuncturist inserts five needles each into her ears. The flimsy stainless-stee- l spikes, combined with ethereal piano jazz from a boombox and a cup of herbal tea, are part of a 20th century regimen that employs 20th century B.C. medicine. "If I could do things to damage my body with a needle, maybe I can do things to help my body with a needle," says the addict. "Acupuncture works." American drug addicts have been treated with the Chinese technique since 974, largely at taxpayers' expense. But San Francisco, along with Baltimore and Miami, is one of the few places in the country where the acupuncture patients are behind bars. All of the 56 women on the D San Francisco Jail's fifth-flopod ended up there because of drugs or the crimes that pay for them. In between prostitution, theft and drug dealing, many of the women have meandered in and Knight-Ridd- drug-recove- ld 1 or More than 30 years after a dam slopped the Colorado River from flowing through the Grand Canyon, a manmade flood S.Otk) brought the ecosystem hack to life. The four-daflow restored several major waterways and old beaches in the canyon, and returned nutrient rich sediment to fish and plants, according to government studies released Wednesday. Grand Canyon flood site ARIZONA uuq oj cauj. v, Lake Powell I Ni- - t A V ' t Glen Canyon Dam 1 , i? j I . City-base- By MARCY GORDON Associated Press Writer WASHINGTON Burnings of Mack churches in the South are evidence of an alarming rise in racial tensions in American society, federal civil rights officials said Wednesday. ( Officials of the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, which held community forums on the church fires in six southern cf Jtes, said the inquiry has shown that the string of arsons reflects a deeper racial problem. "Racial tensions are a major problem in the states in which the Canyon wall Desert Peregrine falcon Bighorn sheep Old high water zone "Mule deer Marsh zone New high water zone River days." The commission conducted the forums over three months in Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina and Tennessee after reports that arson at black churches in the South had risen sharply. "The church burnings are reflective of increased racial ten treat- efforts. ment is part of Wild and plant life were affected by sediment distribution from flooding into the new high water zone. Reflvsheil by nutrients, new vegetation grew in sediment deposits; giving Ihe ero.iy.siem a boost. Where canyon life resides: Choi la cue I us Mesquilc Willow Grasses Studies. AP research from dams. Before Glen Canyon Dam was built in 1963, the Colorado carried millions of tons of sediment each year into the Grand Canyon, creating beaches where plants could sions in America." said Bobby Doctor, the commission's southern regional director. Berry acknowledged the finding by federal law enforcement officials that only about 20 percent of the arsons now solved appeared to be racially motivated. She said the fact that a disproportionate number of black churches was involved gives cause for concern. In a related report Wednesday, USA Today said its own investigation showed that race was but one of several motiving factors behind the church burn two-mon- th say. Hampton said she was working as a security guard when she was arrested for robbery. She says she was too intoxicated at the time to tell police she didn't do the crime. Regardless, she counts her arrest as a blessing because acupuncture and more mainstream methods such as group counseling are helping her habit. escape her $100-a-da- y While researchers disagree on whether, let alone how, acupuncture works, the inmates are convinced. Five needles inserted about of an inch deep in e a on the inner rim of each ear plus one more just above the bridge of the nose and sometimes one more into the top of the scalp dissolve the aching pain and raw nerves of drug withdrawal, the women say. A soothing inner calm takes the place of their cravings for heroin, crack cocaine, alcohol and other drugs. Acupuncturist Carol Francois, who also treats drug users at a clinic in Hunters Point, Calif., says acupuncture holds a ed th semi-circl- merry-go-roun- d. Learning center praised as model for education By VINCENT J. SCHODOLSKI Chicago Tribune "We concluded that the model of education that was designed for This the Industrial Age and which mirALAMEDA, Calif. rored its structures like the assemd suburb poplar-linetidy, just across the bay from San Francisco bly line needed to be changed," doesn't look like a revolutionary said Mort Egol, director of Arthur sort of place, but an experiment Andersen's School of the Future just begun here could influence the Program. Egol said the model for the cen- way the nation's schools look and teach in the next century. Tucked away in the corner of an "This is exactly what aging neighborhood high school is a place where students are called we need: more imag"learners" and teachers are known ination in as "facilitators." Classrooms have of been replaced by sleek work niches future." spaces with high-tec- h called "collaboration cove" and David Marsh, "the digital editing booth." Industrial robots stand by, awaiting computer commands. Ages blur as seventh-grader- s mix in groups ter grew out of the lessons of the and known as "pods" to work on jobs 1990s workplace, where "empowranging from satellite design to ered employees" are replacing the workers of the industrial cog-lik- e developing story lines for an aniera. mated school web site. "The schools of the future will Although the fledgling project need to reflect the structure of the began only a few months ago, education experts and businessmen corporation in the Information Age already are hailing it as a model of just as they did in the Industrial what the school of the 2 st century Age," said Egoi. The teaching methods being should be and praising the public-privacollaboration that brought used at the learning center have been developed by a San Diego-base- d it about. "If you went back in time 100 company called Creative years and visited a hospital and a Learning Systems Inc. While they school in America and then came have been tested elsewhere, this is back to today and visited the same the first time they have been inteplaces, you would find the hospital grated as a whole into a school to be very different and the school curriculum. to be pretty much the same," said There. are no formal classes. Rather, students learn their math, David Marsh, an education professor at the University of Southern science, English and social studies skills through the projects they California. "This is exactly what we need: develop with their "facilitators." more imagination in creating the They work at the center from 8 schools of the future," said Marsh, a.m. until noon and then take eleccoauthor of a 1994 report on tive courses, primarily foreign lanreforming the public high school guages and physical education, at the adjoining Encinal High system in California. ; School. infusion the and Imagination Teamwork that cuts across of $1.5 million from Arthur Andersen & Co. was what brought the grade levels is encouraged and rewarded. Performance is meaArthur Andersen Community Learning Center into being this sured through reviews of the summer. creating the schools the lOth-grade- rs xftfeies Source: Glen Canyon Environmental special attraction for addicts: It's a quick fix. can provide Acupuncture relief tp withdrawal symptoms and cravings sometimes within the first few minutes of treatment and normally within four or five days. That allows addicts to turn their attention to the root causes of their dependence. All the inmates on the two-tierD pod are there because they agreed to a special regimen of education and counseling along with the acupuncture, which is voluntary. Many say they barely feel the needles puncturing their skin, others wince with each poke and some especially those who smoked or snorted rather than injected drugs resort to tense, shallow breathing. Asked what she is thinking, one inmate, her eyes so tightly shut they tremble, responds, Fm "I'm on a at the beach." Once off the hot seat, the women return to their chairs and chat quietly, lean back in con. ., templation or read. Margie Wiggins, 35, says she craves the relaxing feeling that comes with acupuncture as she used to crave the high that crack cocaine and heroin gave her for the past 15 years. out of drug treatment programs. SISTERS, the jail's three-yea- r federally funded program, is the first to include acupuncture and the most effective, they professor Humpback C'huh lish grow and providing food for insects, fish and birds. Until 990, the dam was operated to suit power cooperatives that provide electricity to about 20 million people in the West. 1 inquiry uncovers racism took place," Mary burnings Frances Berry, the commission's chairwoman, told a news conference. "Out of national sight and mind, racial segregation exists in schools and other public facilities in forms reminiscent of Jim Crow acupuncture treatment at the prison. The Acupuncture helping prisoners '. Qhurch-arso- n Photo ( Refreshing the canyon Lake Powell By MICHELLE BOORSTEIN Associated Press Writer water flows more naturally, said ; officials, speaking on condition of PHOENIX Mother Nature anonymity. Although dams have been run was right after all. More than 30 suit the needs of power cooperto Colthe years after a dam stopped orado River from flowing through atives for decades, all sides agree Ihe Grand Canyon, a manmade that the Glen Canyon studies are flood brought the ecosystem back to the start of a new era. "Up nd down the Colorado Jife. River, virtually every dam is being i The spring flood restored severto some degree in al major waterways and old beach- - operated 1 es in the canyon, and returned response to environmental issues," r nutrient-ric- h sediment to fish and said Joe Hunter, executive director of the largest power cooperative on I plants, according to government d the Colorado, the Salt Lake I studies released Wednesday. DisColorado River Energy ; The studies prove that the government-managed dams need to tributors Association. "But Glen Canyon was the first, because well, , provide more natural water flows, it's the Grand Canyon." ; scientists say. The 34 separate studies show The Interior Department report manmade flood returned nutrienthe i)f the studies, obtained by The t-rich sediment to the river, the Associated Press, details how old beaches and creating in reviving flood March replenveeklong new ones. The flood also scoured ished loaches, rapids, fish, vegetaold vegetation out of backwater tion and various endangered the Colorado River. making room for endancanyons, species along it culminates six years of research gered fish to breed, and restored I on the effects of the Glen Canyon several major rapids. . pam on the Colorado. They back what environmentalInterior Secretary Bruce Babbitt ists have been saying for years: ' released the report, along with new . River ecosystems crave the natural flow of water and can be harmed . guidelines that will help the gov-- " ernment manage dams so that the by synthetic, extreme fluctuations ; f Post-Dispat- Joseph Pulitzer II served as editor and publisher of the St. Louis from 1912 to 1955. that period, the paper During achieved national and international stature as a crusading and thoughtful newspaper that historian Daniel W. Pfaff says "based its news reports and editorials on penetratand careful ing investigation lic. research." It is to this heritage that the His papers were criticized for tasteless headlines such as "BapPulitzer organization, now headed tized in Blood," "Screaming for by Michael E. Pulitzer, added and "Little Lotta's another 16 newspapers in July of Mercy," Lovers." Alliteration was frequent. this year, including The Daily HerSo was coverage of conflict, sex ald. The new acquisitions are operand crime. ated under Pulitzer Community Such sensationalism reached its Newspapers, Inc. Herald Publisher Kirk Parkinheights in the yellow journalism circulation wars with William son said he was delighted when Randolf Hearst that some histori Pulitzer acquired the newspaper ans believe contributed to U.S. because of w hat it means for long-terinvolvement in the 1898 Spanish-America- n improvements in covering War. local news and issues. The term "yellow journalism" "We are proud to be associated itself comes from the "Yellow kid" with the name Pulitzer and all it cartoon character created by stands for in terms of standards, t. Pulitzer employee Richard journalistic excellence and sound Because of the popularity of business practices," he said. the strip, Hearst lured Outcault to Alf Prune is a professor of jourhis paper with higher wages. Durnalism at Brigham Young Univering the transition, the cartoon sity and a former president of the appeared in both papers for a while. American Journalism Historians As the circulation wars escalatAssociation. He is author of "Gods ed with their attendant excesses, Within the Machine, The History of the shared cartoon gave rise to the the American Society of Newspayellow journalism tag that univer- - per Editors. ", Grand Canyon flood prompts new policy ! ojM world-renown- h, now-defun- sally has come to signify irresponsible journalism. Troubled by poor eyesight and a nervous Pulitzer condition, required absolute quiet in his later years. He died Oct. 29, 191 1, on his yacht Liberty, isolated from family and associates. He was 63. Today the Pulitzer name is identified with the highest standards in American journalism. Pulitzer w illed $2 million to create a school of journalism at Columbia University and endowed a trust for what became the Pulitzer Prizes. The endowment was designed to encourage "public service, public morals, American literature and the advancement of education." Pulitzer's will stipulated that his newspapers could not be sold but were to remain as independent journals. His New York operations fell on hard times, however, and a court overruled the prohibition against their sale. Notwithstanding the 1931 sale of the New York World, Pulitzer's St. Louis thrived and lives or today along with the highly successful Arizona Daily TV Star, nine network-affiliate- d stations and two radio stations operated by Pulitzer Publishing Co., headquartered in St. Louis. ings. Other reports also have noted k that arsons are up at churches. The civil rights commission said it found that racial segregation at churches, banks, persists schools and swimming pools in Greene County, Ala. Enrollment at one private school there was entirely white, while the public schools are almost all black. Also, the commission said racial animosity in Mississippi is so prevalent that black residents refused to attend the forum at a predominantly white college. non-blac- 1 te ! ilWlim'lHatrkaTI HtltCM: ll POOR |