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Show - - . - , - ! c A -' .. f .? ' V So The Scry THE WEATHER v I caa see nothing conflict and recrimination for capitalism ' la America unless we provide program-which - wtll Jnsnr em-vlaysnent em-vlaysnent f or all Americans who UTAH: Considerable cloudiness with scattered light iha ndr showers Sunday. No marked -chance In temperature. ' Temperatures: . Hirh S Low .59 ; 1 areble and; willing to work. i -Sen. James E. Murray of . . Montana. ggog'i t PROVO, UTAH COUNTY. UTAH SUNDAY. AUGUST 12. VI945 complete immtD ptjt.cq PRICE FIVE CENTS VOL 23. No, U TELEGRAPH NEWS SERVICE : . ! f v : . . -" j t A i: I wm 9 a m Wm mm V '4 Asked ess vacai lon onort: i aciae Reconversion, Problems Demobilization of Home Front to Peace-Time Peace-Time Economy Begins in Earnest; Barkley Suggests Congress Reconvene on Sept. 8 By SANDOR S. KLEIN United. Press Staff Correspondent WASHINGTON, Aug. 11 Congress was asked to cut short its vacation to deal with fast-multiplying reconversion recon-version problems as demobilization of the home front to a peacetime economy began in earnest tonight. Senate Democratic Leader Aiben W. Barkley, Ky., revealed after a 90-minute White House cosference that President Truman felt congress should be reconvened as soon as practicable. Barkley Detroit Expects . Displacement Of P 250,000 Yorkers Br ALLEN V. DOWLING United Press Staff Correspondent. DETROIT. Aug. 11 (U.R) The nation's arsenal city prepared tonight to-night for the end of World War II and an impact expected to displace dis-place 230,000 workers and disturb every level of Industry and society. so-ciety. This vast factory community, which absorbed 518,000 new workers in the first two years of, war, was warned against economic setbacks which may affect the nation's fourth city for a decade to come. i. m. HEumesr- htf-U-.S. -community when war contract terminations are ordered, industrial production is expected to be pared to 30 per cent within two weeks. 250.000 Unemployed Leaders of the Congress of In dustrial organizations predict im- mediate unemployment for 250.0Q0i . . in. I war worKers, ana wun mis a is-; placement they anticipate a series j of disturbances stemming from, the workers' demand for take - home pay to match their wartime department authorities disclosed incomes. they were putting in motion plans Richard Leonard, international for huge slashes in war procure-representative procure-representative of the United Auto- ment which thev said will save mobile Workers (CIO), said De-; troit "simply will go boom in a mige economic explosion. Me said the layoffs in war factories will be "staggering," introducing "DO days of unpredictable hell." A Chrysler corporation spokesman, spokes-man, active in its huge tank factory fac-tory since America went to war, said the contract terminations announced an-nounced Saturday totalling $4.-000,000,000 $4.-000,000,000 are "just a drop in the bucket." "When the big contracts arc -cut back," he said, "men will be: thrown out of work by the scores of thousands, and giant production facilities will be completely dis-, dis-, engaged until industry and gov-(Contlnued gov-(Contlnued on Page Two) 4000000 Men to Be Released Year After V-J Day WASHINGTON, Aug. 11 (U.R) Tentative army plans are understood under-stood to call for the release of approximately 4,000,000 men ( within a vear after V-J dav. I" Thi.i psttmati wnnlri rdiirp thp army to between 4,000,000 to 3,-000,000 3,-000,000 in the first year. After Germany was defeated, the army estimated it would discharge dis-charge approximately 2,000.000 men during the first year. This rate, it was believed, could be more than doubled during the first year after V-J day. Utility Chairman Predicts Lower Power When More Electricity Is Used Figures released today by .the department of utilities show that the electric utility board was both optimisie and generous in its rate reduction of July 1, 1944. Lower -rate schedules now in effect together with increased costs of operation have made a big difference in the department's profits, it was announced by J. Hamilton Calder. chairman. For the year ending June 30, 1944, the city earned a net profit oi in is was on rate a s . acneauies approximately 12 per cent nigner man the present. For the year ending June 30, 1945 thejavailable, consumers have not earnings were only $120,533, representing rep-resenting a decrease of $33,123, or 24 per cent. V While thi represents a sizeable reduction in revenue the electric utility board is still willing to To Cut said congress probably will be called back into session on Sept. 4, more than a month ahead of its scheduled Oct. 8 date. A ffrim warning came from government officials that widespread unemployment is inevitable durinp the six months it will take to achieve a rood measure of reconversion. Contracts Cancelled- Confronted with the imminent end of the war, government procurement pro-curement agencies embarked on a grand-scale program of cancel ling war contracts. The United Press learned that the army and navy have ordered termination of nearly S4.000.000,. 000 in war contracts since the JaPane fL"tanno""Jl! I SUUClluci unci . nuuiviimiiTV sources disclosed that the heavy flow of war rail shipments to the west has been curtailed. Reconversion,. Chief John- W. Snyder, announcing the start of the race for contract cancellation, said it was being carred out "to the greatest extent possible in or der to free materials for recdn version." Snyder said the navy already has decided on $1,200,000,000 cut- . A a S DaCKs in snip construction aiune. These involved stoppage of vrork on 05 warships now under con- , struction. Shortly afterwards, war the country billions of dollars. -They estimated that procurement for the army service forces would be cut an average of 80 per cent; for the airforces more than 90 percent: and petroleum products about 40 percent. Fear Unemployment Administration officials could not mask their concern over the greatly -multiplied reconversion problems a sudden end of the war will dump into their laps. One high-ranking government govern-ment reconversion official warned that during, the period per-iod of transition from war to peacetime production. a. period he estimated at not less than six months unemployment unem-ployment in the United States will rise to 8,000,000. There were 1,400,000 jobless 'in the country in mid-June. Snyder assured the nation that the administration was prepared to give "the maximum possible assistance to industrial reconversion. recon-version. Other developments in the fast-shifting fast-shifting home front scene were: 1 Snyder approved a master VJ-day reconversion plan drafted by WPB to avoid a chaotic scramble for material and equip ment. It will lift virtually all controls on production except those governing distribution, allocation allo-cation and inventories of some very tight items. 2 The war manpower com mis-continued mis-continued on Page Two) back up its prediction that sooner or later the net revenues under the reduced rates will exceed previous pre-vious earnings. There are now 6,576 customers on the City lines, which is the greatest number the city has had at any time, not excepting the construction period at Geneva. Even though rates are lower and the number of consumers higher, the net increase in elec tricity consumed for the year ending June 30, 1943, "was only 3 per cent. Mr. Calder pointed out that with no new appliances been able to make the maximum use of electricity and that in many cases the per kilowatt consumption consump-tion has actually been curbed. As restrictions are relaxed and ap- (Contlnued on Page Two) Military Offensive Is Against Japan In Full Two-Day Assault By Fleet Blasts ;71 Planes, 94 Jap Ships By WILLIAM F. TYREE United Press War Correspondent GUAM, Sunday, Aug. 12 ra The military offensive against Japan was resumed in full strength today in support of a Big Four demand for unconditional un-conditional surrender and Fleet Adm. Chester W. Nim- itz disclosed tha$ the Third fleets two-day assault against northern Honshu had destroyed or damaged at least 711 enemy planes and 94 ships. American forces pressed the war as the Japanese government was told it and the emperor of Japan must submit to the domi nation 01 an Aiiiea supreme com mander as a price, of peace. Fourteen Japanese warships were sunk or damaged in theJ Thursday - Friday; action which may have been the; last sea-borne assault against the'empire by the world's rrtightiest naval force. While Japan pondered the Big Four reply to the Japanese bid for peace, the U. IS. hieh com mand announced that a new type of atomic bomb even more dev astating than the first one used to destroy Hiroshima was beine held in readiness; for possible further disintegration attacks against Japanese cities. Nimitz had bluntly clarified the issue declaring that a state of war still exists in the Pacific. He said the battle against Japan will continue with all 'ft destructive effect until official notification of tne" enemy's surrender. Today he added 188 .more planes to the two-day toll previously previ-ously announced. He raised 'earlier 'earli-er ship losses by 86, including the warships. U. S. losses were seven planes and six airmen. British losses were seven aircraft and five pilots. The two-day toll of 711 planes was taken in aerial attacks cov ering a 400-mile long area of northern Honshu, stretching from the Yokohama area nearly to the northern tip of the island. Extensive damage was caused to hangars, warhouses. shops, barracks, bar-racks, locomotives, freight cars, radio stations and ground installations instal-lations in the destructive assault. Gen. Douglas MacArthur in hisi daily war bulletin announced (Continued on Page Two) Moscow Greets Eisenhower MOSCOW. Aug. 11 (U.R Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower arrived in Moscow by air today to be the guest of Marshal Josef Stalin and the Red army and promptly expressed ex-pressed pleasure at being "among my comrades who have done so much to help in the defeat; of the Germans." N short one. It is believed be ana Stalin will reach an understanding understand-ing on methods to tee employed in putting Potsdam decisions into effect in Germany.; He was greeted at the airport by a delegation of Red army generals headed by;, Chief of the General Staff, Gen, Alexei An-tonov, An-tonov, Air Marshal, Fedor Fafa-leyev, Fafa-leyev, and such dignitaries as U. S. Ambassador Averill Harriman. British. Ambassador Sir Archibald Clark-Kerr, the French and Chi nese ambassadors and their army and navy missions. ; He was accompanied . on the flight from Berlin by 'Marshal Georgi Zhukov, commander of Russian occupation forces In Germany. Eisenhower's son, Lieut. John Eisenhower, was with him as adjutant. Jap Crown Prince May Be Regent By United Press , Today's Tokyo newspapers, the FCC reported, carried unusual feature articles on Kotaishl Aki-hito, Aki-hito, the 13-year-old Japanese crown prince. The publicity followed 24-hours after a special household staff was set up for the Crown prince. There was no Indication: as to the reason for the flood of articles and pictures. If Emperor; Hiro-hito Hiro-hito should abdicated a a result of peace negotiations, however, a regency re-gency might be set up for the young prince. ;' The articles said that the prince was "robust and the picture pic-ture of perfect health" in spite of the rigors of war time. Jap Empire to Come 1 CHINA JA CHINA ri, huO mwowi V-rf Viii CTlORMOSA I y $S MA'NAN V MAIIAHAM-, Inannnn ... fV Smith f I V Al 'MM A,,0l,", 'S Z.5lJ- Woi.ui orC -T ,,, . . Dotted line on map shows limit of Japanese advance, during war. Blackened four islands of Japan is what Potsdam declaration would limit her to in event of peace under those provisions. $2000 Saddle Ready for Bull Halsey To Ride On Hirohito's White Stallion WASHINGTON, Aug. 11 down::riowSnflrarBuCH"S sey. They're calling your bluff about riding down Tokyo's main drag on Emperor Hirohito's Hiro-hito's famed white stallion. That $2000 hand-tooled silver-studded saddle, measur- Posecutor Asks Traitor's Death For Marshal Petain PARIS, Aug. 11 (U.R) Prosecu tor Andre Mornet demanded a traitor's death for Marshal Henri Philippe Petain today in a five-hour five-hour summation of the case against the old marshal who headed head-ed the French Vichy government under the German occupation. Leafing through a pile of papers accumulated during the 17 days of testimony, the 74-year-old Mornet, who convicted the famed world war woman spy, Mata Hari, accused Petain of collaboration with the Germans, of bringing dlsnonor on France, of destroy ing the Third Republic and seizing seiz-ing power for the purpose of turning turn-ing over France to the invader. Fatigue and his 89 years weighed weigh-ed so heavily on Petain that he fell sound asleep near the end of Mornet's long and savage peroration. perora-tion. He showed no sign of understanding under-standing when the red-robed prosecutor a few paces from him demanded in a rasping voice that he be put to death as a traitor to France. The demand for the death penalty pen-alty was expected. It brought no response from spectators, judge or jury in the hot and crowded courtroom. Petain appeared not to hear it "Putting his policy at the discontinued dis-continued on Page Two) MacArthur Is Likely Choice For Supreme Commander Against Japs WASHINGTON, Aug. 11 (U.K An American will be named as Allied Supreme Commander to administer surrender terms im posed on the Japanese and the betting in high places tonight was that it will be General of the Army Douglas MacArthur. Presidential Press Secretary Charles G. Ross, who announced that an American will get this important lob. said that he could not now say who will be named. But high government officials in close touch with the White House said they expected the nomination of MacArthur as the supreme commander. There was some speculation that it might be Fleet Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, who leVl the sea assault on Japan. Others felt there was an off- chance that, because MacArthur and Nimitz are co-equals, someone some-one else would be chosen. WASHINGTON. Autf. 11 0J.PJ- The surrender terms for Japan Resumed Strength USS.R flfcuwaiiri Y "l 9&L rm JJMM MitgMINI (S ed to fit the imperial nag is . be shipped to jtou vMn the Pacific on a naval transport. trans-port. It's a little dream gift for you from the. "Reno," Nev., chamber of commerce. Yes, and it's a challenge. There's doubt among your old navy cronies around here that you know horsemanship. horse-manship. They say you've .spent more of your time in sea dog circles - than around - the horsey set. At any rate, your pals say, don't get too flustered fluster-ed if you find it tough navigating navi-gating on horseback. Maybe Gen. Ddug MacArthur doesn't know, how to row a boat. That fancy saddle was to have been shipped to a Chicago Chi-cago department store for display dis-play in connection with a bond drive. But when the Japs yelled "Uncle." it was decided to get it out to you on a navy" transport, but quick. Here's a helpful hint to you, in case you and the horse don't prove to be too chummy. chum-my. His name is Shirayuki Silver Tip, if you've got to use English. You've been given the wrong dope about Silver Tip being an Arabian. No sir. Silver Sil-ver Tip is a California- pinto . and his one-time owner is Dewey Burden, a trucking operator out in Compton, Cal. Burden sold the horse a, number num-ber of years ago to the Japanese Jap-anese consul, who was scouting scout-ing around for a decent nag for his boss. Silver Tip weighs 940 pounds, which . ought to be big enough to carry you. And don't you worry, the saddle will fit him. We hope it fits, you. may be signed aboard a battle ship of the Third fleet in Tokyo bay, informed quarters said, to night. . The Japanese delegation would be required to go out to the big battle wagon, one of those which In recent months has hurled de struction into the enemy home land, and there endorse their country's humiliation. This procedure, it was explained, explain-ed, would have a symbolic value and the Japanese are greatly impressed by symbolism. The presence of la U. S. man-of-war in the home waters of Japan, it was said would; symbolize the American naval might which the enemy boasted many times it had destroyed.- - ' LONDON, Aug. ill UJ The London- Daily. Mail said today that Gen. Douglas- MacArthur will be nominated this week-end to accept the formal surrender of the Japanese general staff. Nation Ashed To Share Food With Europe Grew Asks Americans To Accept Rationing For a Longer Period By G WEN MORGAN United Press Staff Correspondent WASHINGTON, Aug. 11 dJ5 Undersecretary of State Joseph C. Grew tonight asked Americans to accept rationing ration-ing and restrictions "for a considerable period longer" to permit food and coal to be shipped to rieed Europe. He said Americans must support an "adequate relief pro gram, even though it will mean continuing wartime controls. The United States alone, he said, must ship to liberated Europe almost 12,000,000 tons of food this winter in addition addi-tion to the 6,000,000 tons of eoal already proposed by Secretary of Interior Harold L. Ickes. Grew spoke on, a state department depart-ment broadcast with Willard Thorp, deputy to Assistan Secre tary of State William L. Clayton, and Assistant Secretary Archibald MacLeish. Grew recalled President Truman's Tru-man's pledge made in his report to the nation this week: "We must help to the limit of our strength and we will." Thorp-estimated that the lib era ted areas will be able ."to take care of themselves by next year's harvest' if they are helped now. Grew said moreihIpping .. aiul upplie mue3nada available to unrra for relief in eastern Europe and to regular commercial channels for the western European countries, who are paying: for what supplies they receive. He said he had no fears about UNRRA's ability "if we give it a chance by making food and shipping space available." He said UNRRA received only 14,000,000 . of the 200,000,000 pounds of food promised for the second half of the year and that most of that came from Canada The United States aimed at giving the people of liberated Europe a basic minimum of 2,000 calories a day. Grew said. "But," he added, "that objective, objec-tive, I'm sorry to say, hasn't- been attained in any liberated country." MacLeish said that victory won last spring must not be lost this winter through sickness, misery and starvation "Democracy, decency and free dom;" he said, "cannot flourish in a world of hungry men and women. . Japanese Reply Awaited Today NEW YORK, Aug. 11 (U.R) An NBC Stockholm broadcast said tonight that Jun Tsuchiya, first secretary of the Japanese legation lega-tion in Stockholm, expresed be lief that Japan would reply to morrow to the Allied note on Emperor Hirohito's status under military government rule. NBC. said that its Stockholm correspondent, Bjorn Bjornson, radioed a report from the Swedish capital saying that he talked to lsucmya, wno toia nun mat at that time the Allied not, had not been received by Japanese diplomats diplo-mats but that it might be deliver ed "later tonight" by the Russians and -British. Bjornson was quoted as saying that Tsuchiya told nim that, he "expected a Japanese reply might be forthcoming tomorow. What that reply might be, he is of course in no position to say. "in all likelihood the American proposal that the Japanese 'be permitted to retain their Mikado if he. will take orders from the Allied commander-in-chief will acceptable to- the Japanese," Bjornson. reported. WoHn Brief RtuuA..lAn.nMM Ruiuianji train 50 miles along Chinese eastern rauway xeaaing to tiarpm as Moscow Mos-cow announces four top generals of Euronean front lead Man- churian offensives. Japan: Kyushu city of KUm-amoto KUm-amoto smashed by more than 500 Okinawa-based planes as far east air . forces sink or damage 57 enemy vessels. . China: 44th Airforce planes 57 small Mna an1 mrmHr et convoy trucks In strafing attacks river valley." - Emperor Miast ' Surrender To ! 5 I Allied! Chief V-J Day Expected Within 72 Hours; Allies May Name MacArthur Commander to 4 : Receive and Accept By JOSEPH L. MYLER United Press Staff Correspondent WASHINGTON, Augj 11 ue By cable and radio tonight to-night the Pacific powers sped to beaten Japan the news that she may keep her emperor if the Japanese people want him but that he toll he subject to the Supreme Allied Commander who Will accept and enforce unconditional uncon-ditional surrender. V-J day, for which the world has been waiting three years and eight months, appeared imminent perhaps no more than 72 hours away.i And, it was confidently expected here, the supreme commander who will accept Japanese surrender whether it comes officially hours Or days hence---will be General of the Army Douglas MacArthur, the man who came back. To Name Supreme Commander The White House announced officially that a supreme Allied commander would be selected to accept and enforce unconditional surrendeif, and few doubted it would be the man who promised the Filipinos, when he fled under orders to Australia in 1942. that: "I shall return." I MacArthur made good on that promise and was on his way to Tokyo when the Japanese decided they could fight no longer. It was not impossible however, that MacArthur's co-commander co-commander in the Pacific,jAdmiral of the Fleet Chester W. . Nimitz, might receive the surrender assignment. Nor was it inconceivable, because of their E&tpsfas TW - equals, that neither wouldTgeTftr But' the betting here and in London was on MacArthur. An informed official the surrender ceremonies? U. S. Third fleet battleship The Allied communication, transmitted officially through the Swiss government and beamed to Japan by the office of war information, wis a blunt reply to the enemy's offer to surrender if the emt peror would be permitted to keep his sovereign power. A dispatch from Zurich, ' Switr ! zenana, said tne Aineo note ar rived there at 9:05 p. m. tonight (3:05 p. m. EWT) and was de livered to the Japanese minister at 9:30 p. m. It was dispatched by Secretary of State James F. Byrnes In be half of the United States, Soviet Russia, Great Britain, and China. It meant that the atom-blasted and thoroughly beaten Japanese may have surcease from death. terror, and destruction as soon; as their government accepts, the Allied terms. i Acceptance. Awaited-- j It appeared likely that the Japanese would signify acceptance ac-ceptance soon before the of ficlal Allied communication reaches Tokyo. The OWI'S transmitters . will have acquainted ac-quainted the enemy with its contents in complete detail long before the official version ver-sion arrives. The same Radio Tokyo which broadcast to the world on Friday that Japan might quit may con ceivably broadcast tne intelli gence that she Will quit. ; j Pending that, the war went on. The, B-29's remained at their bases and no more atom bombs fell. But other U. S. air forces continued the at- (Continued on- page two) ; Atom Bomb Releases Only One Tenth Of One Percent of Potential Energy Br FRED H: SCHERFF i ! United Press Staff Correspondent. WASHINGTON. Aug. 11 (Ui- The. atomic bombs which wrought cataclysmic destruction upon Hiroshima and NagasaKi were relatively harmless a slight im provement would have made them weapons- of such unimaginable power as to threaten the end of the world. s ; The war department revealed reveal-ed the mind-numbing potea tiallttes of the atomle .bomb tonight In i technical report en the five year of expert- s mentation which produced 111 . The report was written by Dri IL n. Smyth, head of tho Princeton university physic r 'department and one of the atom bomb's progenitors, i j ' World Suicide Possible ! He disclosed that the atom bomb in its present state of ; im Japanese Surrender source said it was likely that would be carried out aboard a in Tokyo bay. Atomic Bomb Blamed For Jap Collapse R TITTfl7nr ITYVITf T United Press Staff Correspondent STOCKHOLM, Aug. 11 (U.R Maj. Gen. Makato Onodera, Japanese Jap-anese military atttache in stock- holm, said inn interview today that the atomic bomb was the main reason for Japan's capitulation capitula-tion offer and suggested that the Allies now shake hands with Japan' as if they had played a tennis match. Onodera insisted he was "not speaking as a general" because "defeated generals shouldn't talk." His views were those of "Mr. Onodera," he said. The Japanese attache often interrupted in-terrupted himself to laugh at his own remarks. His biggest laugh came after he had said, "in the future the United States and Japan will only fight on the golf course." Onodera, short and lively, dis played a row of protruding teeth, but betrayed no physical sign of emotion except for an occasional nervous twitch. He hough that "in view of the present military situation peace is a most appropriate solution," and said "the peace negotiations were speeded up by the atomic bomb rather than by Russian entry, en-try, into the war." perfection releases only one-tenth of one percent of the total energy potentially releasable in the splitting split-ting of Uranium atoms. Should the bomb be improved only slightly, Smyth said, "civilization "civil-ization would have the means to cpmmit suicide at wilL But even, a partial unlocking of the atom's power the same kind of power that keeps the sun and stars burning let loose, forces so terrible that the men who, made the bomb were unwilling to give it free play even against the Japanese. ' Dr. Smyth disclosed that it was necessary -to devise a means of ex ploding, the bomb above rather than on, its target to assure dispersal dis-persal of deadly radioactive byproducts. by-products. Some scientists have expressed fears that this radioactivity would make any spot where, the bomb fell deadly to man far .generations (Continued oa rage two) v. |