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Show End Boundary Squ Squabble SquabbleBetween bble bbleBetween Between ! etween Iraq Iraqand and Iran Irate . Important River Was Chief ChiefBone ChiefBone Bone of Contention . WshlngtonIraq Wisliington-Iraq Wisliington Iraq Wishington W\shlngton W shlngton ' \ -Iraq Iraq - Iraq and Iran ( Persia Per Per- PersIa Persia - sia ) recently retenth recentls settled settle , themselves tliemselses them < ; eh es , 1 i 1bounllalY iboundary iboundaiy bounllalY boundary dispute so serious that It ItImd Ithad ithad Imd had been tikcn t1.en t1en taken ] . to the Leigue Le'1ue Le1ue ' ; of ofNatIOns ofNations ofNations NatIOns The bone of contention contention"as contentionwas contentionwas "as as was " thp the Shitt Sh'ltt Shltt ' n al ] Arab , , a river riverformed riverformed nvcrformed formed by the confluence of the the'llgrls theZigris theTigris 'llgrls llgrls Zigris ' and Luphratcs Lupbrates nveis rIVelS rivets , , 110\\ 110 floss 110Ing flossIng flowing \ Ing Into the Persian Per.lan Perlan : . gulf"the gulf gulf"Ihe ulf "Ihe Ihe "the the " " 1he ' Shitt Sh'ltt Shltt Shatt ' al Arab s Importance Importanceto to Iraq and Inn Ir'ln Irln Iran ' is not apP'lrent apPlrent apparent apP'lrentupon apparentupon appirentupon ' upon first glincc gl'lnce gllnce glance ' at the nnp m'lp mlp map ' , ' s'l sl says saysthe sisthe ' ; s sthe the ' \ Isationil 1\atlon'll 1 atlon'll atlonll Aationil ' Geographic Geograpluc society . "Onlyt "Only Only " 54 -t t - miles of the rh riser ri\erstretching ri erstretching \ er , stretchln stretching : ; from 1G to 16 miles beloBas below belo\\ belo \ Bas Basra Basra Basra ra to the Perslin Persl'ln Perslln Persian ' gulf guU , are of com corn commerclal cornmercial cornmerclal merclal mercial importince Import'1nee Import1nee Importance ' to both coun countries countries countries tries More tlian thnn than 800 S00 steamers sail sailup sailup sailup up the Shitt Sh'ltt Shltt Shatt ' al Arab each ench sear year ear to toBasra toBasra toBasra Basra , Inq Ir'lq Irlq Iraq ' and to Abadan , a busy busyWHITE bus , } WHITE HOUSE AIDEd AIDE AIDECommander vS J K Ksaw d saw d g gs s\ s sa \ a fi by , t Q QI I Zyp t r2 vlr2 psfr l lo , , S St . , , vl vlY Y ) o- o - oxYls , I ) ( xYls 'tKx tKx 'tKxI ' Commander Paul n H Bastedo , U US US S nas navy y , , who was appointed naval navalaide navalaide aide to President Roosevelt , , effee effeetise effecthe tise In Mav May , , 193G 1936 Comminder Commander Bas Bastedo Bastedo tedo succeeds Cipt W \ \ llson ilson Brown Brownwho , , ssho resumes sea duty . . port of Iran Irnn Tons of ' silt slit are car carrIed carried carned rIed down the river rher riser annuillv annu'llh annullh annuills ' In Inflood Inflood Inflood flood times Umes the silt enriches em1ches farms farmsalon farmsalong farmsalong alon along : ; the river rl\"er rl "er er \ " banksSilt banks banhs banksSilt Silt a Blessing and Curse * ' While Wlule silt slIt Is a blessing btesslng to farm farmers farmers farmers ers , It is a curse to mariners At Atr'ao AtI'ao AtFao r'ao rao I'ao Iao ' ' , , a seaport near the mouth of ofthe ofthe ofthe the Shitt Sh'ltt Shltt Stiatt ' al Arab , It piles up in a acrescent acrescent acrescent crescent shiped sh'1pe sh1pe shaped ' bar \ which hlcb is a n hin bin hindrance bindrance bindrance drance to nu\ nu nuI na\lgitlom na lgitlom nasigitlon \ I g-'l g 'l l - ' tlon . . Channels Channelsacross Channelsacross Channelsacross across the bar frequently frequcntly shift sblft nnd and nndhave andhave nndhave have to be dredged continually contlnuall contlnualls.Along contlnuallsAlong ) . Alon Along : ; the river's rivers ' 10\\ 10 lower 10er \ er reaches , the thereed thereed thereed reed and grass covered co.ered coered cosered . banks ban1.s ban1s . are arecompo arecomposed arecomposed compo composed ed of mud so soft that It I'l Il is I'lalmost isalmost Isalmost ' almost Impossible Imposslbte to land laud on th them"Once them them"Once m m"Once "Once Once " across the bar , ocean oceansteamers oceansteamers oceansteamers steamers can ascend the < ) Shitt Shatt h'1tt h1tt ' al al- al alArab al-Arab al Arab - - . Arab for ncirly ne'lrly nelrly neirly ' 93 03 of its 123 miles milesIts milesIts milesIts Its average depth is from 20 O to 3 3feet ' ; , ' * feet . , its average ss " width "Idtl1 Idtl1 Idth 500 OO to GOO 600 GOOyards 600yards COOyards yards ' The trip upstream gives Iveq one live live- lively lively . - ly Iy glimpses of the life Ilfe of the rrglon rr rpgion > glon On the banks banhs one catche"l catchel catches catche"lsight catchessight catchessight " sight of ' ducks duc1.s duc1s . and snipes , wild wildhogs wildhogs wildhogs hogs , and herds of ' cattle and buf- buf buffaloes buf buffaloes - . faloes fee feeding lng on vegetation that thatc thatextends thatextends c extends tends down dossn do " n to the " witers waters 'lter lter ' sedge edge edge.Both edgeBoth . noth Both banks of the nvcr llver river are nre green greenGardens greenGardens greenGardens Gardens and groves groses gro . ec ; stretch Intand inland Intandfor inlandfor Inlandfor for from 1 1000 000 vards yards ) ar s to two tvo , mllec miles milesGrains milesGnlns : ; Gr'llns Grllns Grains ' , opium , hemp heml ) , lentils , nnd and nnddates anddates nnddates dates are plo pioduccd produced pioduccd'When uced 'When When ' one buvs buys bu ) s i 1 ' package packnge ot of otdried ofdried ofdried dried dates ates in a local shop , the thechances thechances thechances chances ' ire 'Ire it came from Iraq , , vIa vIathe viathe viathe the Shatt al Anb Ar'lb Arlb Arib ' , . for Iraq produces producesmore producesmore producesmore more than half hatt of the world suppl supply supply.In supplyIn ) . . In 193134 193 10J I 34 it exported 111 111300 300 tons tonsof tonsof tonsof of ' dates Estimates stimates place nearly nearlyone nearlyone nearlyone one third of the world \ worlds \ orld s date palms palmsIn palmsIn palmsIn In Iraq , , or some 30000000 trees . . . At Atleast Atleast Atleast least half IlnU halt of these are concentrated concentratedalong concentratedalong concentratedalong along [ tlie the lie Ss-hatt Ss hatt Shatt - hatt al Arab Near Nenr Bas Basra Basra Basra ra , date groves roves form an unbroken unbrokenstretch unbrokenstretch unbrokenstretch stretch of over 3G JG J6 miles along theriver the therIver tlieriver rIver bank banI , . . Oil 011 Piped 140 Miles Miles"Iran MilesIran . . "Iran Iran " also grows many dates , ex- ex exporting exporting ex exporting - porting about 40000 tons to the thenrItlsh theBritish theBritish nrItlsh British empire lu In good goot ! years . , A Alarge Alarge Alarge large proportion of Iran's Irans ' ' 10,000- 10,000 10000 , , ; . - 000 ( date late palms grow along the theShatt theShatt theShatt Shatt ' il 1t it Arib"Many Anb Ar'1b Ar1b Arib Anb"Many ' "Many Many " , of the steimeis ste'1InelS ste1InelS steitneis ' escendlng escending escendlngthe escendingthe escendingthe the Shatt al Anb Ar'lb Arlb Arab ' stop nt at Ab'1ndan Ab1ndan Abindan Abindnnan ' , an Iiauiin Iianlin 11 anf1n port of of10000 -10000 10000 40000 - Inh'lb Inhlb inhib Inh'lbIt'lnt8 inhibitints Inhibitints ' It'lnt8 Itlnt8 itints ' Here Is locitcd loc'lted loclted located ' a refinery refineryof of the Anglo Peisiin Pelsi'ln Pelsiln Petsiin ' Oil 011 comp'ln compln company compinvInto ' ) , into , which vhlch svhich oil 011 is piped fiom flom from Ir'1nlnn Ir1nlnn Irininn Irininnoil Innianoil ' 011 oil fields 140 miles 'l"aIt ' iwav 'l"a\ 'l"a la issas " \ It Is 1s Isshipped 1sshipped Isshipped shipped in tankers tant.ers tanters . to 01 Gicit Great e'lt elt ' Brlt'lln Brltlln Brltiin Brlt'llnor Brltiinor Britilnor ' or to oil burning ships In the Medi Mediterrinein Medlternnein Iedl Iedlterr'lne'ln terr'lne'ln terrlneln terrinein ' ' , ' ' North of Abadin Abad'ln Abadln Abadan ' steimers ste'lmers stelmers steamers ' re'lch relch reach re'lchn'lSr'1 reachBisri reichBisn ' n'lSr'1 nlSr1 Bisri ' ' , , a busy Inq InfJ Iriq . pOl poit port t " with "Hh Hh sslth a apopuhtion apopulation apopulition popuhtion population largely Anb Ar'lb Arlb Arab ' , , of 0\ 0 0er oser osers0000 overSO \ er erSO SO s0000 000 In the dite d'lte dlte date ' < ; season eason , the b'1r b1r hir b'1rbor hirbor hirbor ' bor of ' 'Ihe Ihe 1.l.1e 1l.1e 1l1e 'the the ' . . Dite D'lte Dlte ' Citv Clt\ Clt Cits CltIs \ ' Is Cl crowded crowdedwith clowdcdwith 0\\ 0 0ded \ ded ded"lth "lth lth with " steamers from Englind Eng1'lnd Eng1lnd England ' and andIndm andIndia nndIndia Indm India taking tat.lng tatlng . on cargoes of tlie the fruit Bisra B1sra Basra Is ' ilso 'ltso ltso also a commerclilcenter commerchl commerclil commerchlcenter commcrclilcenter center for i 'l l ' i C'lr'l Clrl cinvin cirisin ' ' ' 'In In ' tnde trade tn e " with "Ith Ith the theIntenor theinterior theinterior Intenor interior , and nnd the terminus of the ther311roau therailroad therailroad r311roau railroad to na Baghdad l\lnd l lnd \ ! , 354 3it : miles milesfarther milesfarther milesfarther farther nOl noith north th Besides dites d'1tes d1tes dates ' , , Bas Basra Basra Basra ra exports e\.ports e.ports e .ports ports \ . hor horses < : es , , camels , , carpets carpetswool , , ss " 001 ool aud and wheat"At " wheat "heat heat wheat"At "At At " Al Qurna north of Bisra B'lsra Blsra Basra ' the thechoco1'lte thechocolate thechocolite choco1'lte choco1lte chocolate ' color colored d TI Tigris rls flo\\ flo flows flos floss \ s Into Intothe intothe Intothe the slower , , murkv murky murl . : Euphntcs Iuphr'ltes Iuphrltes Euphrates ' Na Nathes Natises Natives thes tises in queer , , bowl bo,1 bo1 , shaped boatscpln boatsspin boats boatspin cpln spin : < ; pin down own these rivers risers rh ers , meet nt at Al AI AIQurni AlQurn'l AlQurm Qurn'l Qurnl Qurni ' , nnd and float to together ether down downtheir downtheir downtheir their mlngtedaters mingled mlngted \ waters \\aters aters , , known l\.nown l.nown l .nown nown \ . ns as the theShatt theShatt theShatt Shatt al Arabto Arab to " |