Show r- r HYGIENE AND SANIT SANITATION The L-The International Congress In Washington GUARDIANS Of Or HEALTH MEET NEXT r ScIentists From All Over the World Will Gather t in Washington It t f Io O PLAN FURTHER r WAR ON DISEASE Wonderful Victories for tHuman Human Life Have Followed Fol lowed Congresses M BY FREDERIC J J. J HASKIN 5 The meeting o of ot tho fifteenth international congress of ot hygiene and demoRT demo demo- RT phy in W Washington next week wook prom prom- IMI og C. to io be one of the tho most significant y in tho the history of ot public health healtha a It is ItS the first of ot the tho great congresses of and demography demo dorno graphy to be held outside of Europe The be last ono one was held in Berlin in 1100 noT 07 An invitation was extended by bythe bythe the congress of tho the United States through h the American delegates tob to b hold ld the tho fifteenth meeting in this count coun ii try t The invitation was accepted and it was was tho the intention to hold bold it i in 1910 but bot it was wan that the United States could ciula hardly get ct ready for the thc enter enter- t of the or organization at that early date By B- Ban an act of ot can congress gross it was was postponed and nd the date finally fixed for September 23 1012 It is s estimated that the congress will bring brine to together some somo of tho the leading sanitarians o of the world Over Oer are aro coning coming horn from Germany alono These men Inca aro are appointed b by their respective tive tivo governments as 81 bein being amon among the tho ablest representatives of the science of ot medicine Delegates from more than thao thirty will be present pres tnt ent nod find each ono ono one of them will bear a WH'S ago o of some achievement in hyi hy- hy i De and demo demography which has bas taken e since the last COD congress held in Berlin Health Exposition Hl If addition to the congress there will H eld a national health exposition in which tho the United Stales will und rr take Ih to J bring to tho attention of tho people of thus this country and anel to the sanitarians sani sani- of the world tho results of the tho crusade in behalf of the national health which has bas been going on in America and ADd nd its dependencies durin during the thee past half a decade I It is the custom for the country len en cn entertaining one of thc these o int ro ional to provide this exposition of its own health activities in order that visiting sanitarians unitarians may see eee with their own ownes es ea what has been taking place six Twenty federal bureaus will wiIl b be represented in the exhibits of tho exposition ex ox- p. p position and each ach one of the tbt forty forty- right fight J states tes will contribute contribute- to its lis suc- suc c tess ens s. s In In addition to this many of the leading cities of the country will eni ld exhibits exhibit revealing what the have nave One lone in the direction of promoting tho thol public l health Jt lt is expected that the tho cost of ot holdin hold hold- in fag ing this con congress es will Nill fill approximate The government ont of the tho United tite will put up of this and th the remainder will be rai raised ed by Tate tte I subscriptions 8 Some mo people have ha lJ asserted that in inasmuch as the congress s i Ii ito to meet in this country mx unon n the inVitation invitation in in- of ot the government i self Uncle tarn ou ought bt to pay the entire expense ot of-it of ih entertainment To this it was replied that never ne in the tho history of r I Continued d on page 6 GUARDIANS OF HEALTH MEET NEXT WEEK Continued from page 1 the congress has bat ha the tho country coutry entertaining entertain entertain- In ing it been required to meet the entire done few expense and if this wore countries would feel able ablo or inclined to counties invite invie it to hold is its sessions within mthm their boundaries s. s Taft Honorary Inor President The organization of tho the congress ss was wasa wasa a a. duty devolving upon the tho department depart depart- ment a of ot state stat de Thoro There being bein no other body to take tko sat up tho the matter mater jt it was decided decided de de- de body t that de dealing with international cde relations the department should hare ei a charge of ot etto it Ono One of the first steps taken by bv the de department was to select elect a president While Whilo President President Taft will vill be tho the honorary president of th the congress wl the active presiding officer will be Dr Henry P. P Walcott There is wi also a secretary general of the or organization organS organ an i likewise appointed by b.- b. the de do- department of state the thc office being filled fled br by Dr John S. S Fulton Pulton Flon of Baltimore Balti Bali more Md The congress ess will wn be divided into t two wo divisions cn the one division of by hygiene and the other the division of ph phy te The division of domo demography which deals deal with health statistics will Wl not be further futher divided Tho The divi division ion of ot hygiene will wl bo be subdivided intoci into ci eight ht hygene sections and each of these thes sections see sec will Trill i be presided over by bv a president president ton dent appointed by the secretary of ot state The progress th t has ha been boen made mae in in preventive To medicine in tho the United re States in in the past two decades has hasben been ben one i of tho most moat remarkable de developments de- de of Americas America's efforts to t promote promote pro promote mote tho the well wel bein being of her hor her people It I was only as far back as 1903 that Sir on a head bead a of tho the English Patrick Manson Mansou MaDon hea delegation to one ono of the international congresses represented to tho the American cn delegates del that the te he building of the Panama Panama Pana ma canal would mean a great dan danger cr of the spread woul of yellow fever to the tho thoEn En English aprea colonies and asked them them- to taka taic up the m matter with the tho government govern govern- sro m meat ment t at Washington n looking to tho the calling of a B conference to formulate stepi tep cali to prevent pr vont the spread of yellow fever from front Panama Science Conquers Fever Wen When it is stated that not a sin single le case of yellow fever has bas occurred on tho the isthmus in half hal a decade and that only only- one or two cases have conic come cODa in in through tho the quarantine ip in all al that th at time timo it will wi be bo seen seon that although the fears fean of fp f p Patrick m ht have ha e been well r i founded d d. d i at that time ime 8 eo so rapid has been the rise rit of the science of preventive the tive medicine ine that no one on gives es a passing pass paM in lug ing thought med to the po possibility of th the tho Panama canal being bein likely to 0 spread 1 any kind of infection to other re regions of the world A As AI a ord matter of fact bet the lessons learned leared I at at Panama Paama have havo resulted in the writing of medicine I of a new neW science tropical tropic and toda today all al of the pro progressive nations of th the earth are arc studying those thoc le lessons sons with admitted profit Instead of being bein I it a a. source of dan danger er to other countries a as S Sir Patrick thou thought ht the canal would be be- be beit it has ha proved to bo a great rent object lc on as to ie t how bow such dangers of ot infection infection mice mice- tion from other countries may be over over- come come The sanitary lessons at Panama prom prom- IRa iso to loom Jar large e in the deliberations of II r th the tho t congress and and ono one of tho those who ho will trill wi b bb bi in ill attendance upon and active participation par I in the affairs of the tho eon congress is Dr W. W C. C Gor Gorgas 39 who has hM had bad adr administrative ad II D. D of or the tho sanitary mini charge thage r work ork on the tho canal can l tinco since its ih inception in I It wa was through h him that the lessons learned leared I by Reed Carroll Carron and Lazear in Cuba Cub were ere confirmed and and extended at Panama 1 To 0 Consider Pure Pre Food Laws Law 1 I The meeting of oC this congress will wi have havo an important important bearing bearin b upon the pure pura food laws Jaws of the rn fied United States t One of the tho sections factions of the tho congress will willbe willbe m be devoted mainly to food matters B and tho the exposition will wi contain contin many exhibits ex cx hibits showing what has ha been in in the direction of oC insuring the I American citizen a food supply which I 1 is not inimical to his health j more ore the foreign dele delegates ates will wi have havo an an opportunity to get acquainted with wih the food products b of tho the factories of this thi country and with wih tb the tho sanitary surroundings stir sur r- r e under which they are re manufactured man man- and put upon tho the market anc and it at it Ii b believed that this acquaintance will i result tn In no inconsiderable expansion sion HOn of of- otho tho ho American food marke abroad Everybody connected oI to with t tha con con- cn gress ress expects great results to i issue ua from its sc sessions ons It I always alwa's has been the tho I case that the tho county country in in which such uch a acon con congress e has been held has witnessed some ome now movement in in the direction of the he promotion of the tho public health which ban haa hB proved of vast ast benefit rhe The congress in Vienna ViennA resulted in in a f fight b a against overcrowded tenements and consequent national national legislation le of great re t e. e Tn rn ono one 00 of the Paris congresses congresses con the matter mater of of Pasteur's anti auti- ant abic was considered and an institute for or the treatment of hydrophobia c ab Saves Many from D Death ath Today every country has such insH being no no less Jess than twenty twenty- two wo in 1 tho the United Unite States Stales alone The federal government has ha found that hat it itcan itcan itcan can s send nd the virus safely by mail and many hundreds of people are saved each Mch year from horrible deaths from hydrophobia hydro phobia because of this treatment In 1890 Professor Von Behring of Marbury Marbur demonstrated that that he be could render animal immune from diphtheria by bp r giving thorn them an antitoxin A report of his hi work was was made at the tho congress which followed in 1895 A little on later some lome of the tho antitoxin was wag brought bron bt to this country and under its is uso use the mortality from that dread disease of childhood had hn fallen from per hundred thousand and in 1890 1800 to per hundred thousand in 1910 1010 Ono One Oo scarcely can cn imagine from rom these those mere mera figures rs what tho the use e of antitoxin really reay means If I the death rate from diphtheria prevalent in iu 1890 1890 prevailed cd today oday tody in tho the United States nearly nearl 70 70 chiden children would dio die who ho now noT ac arc per per- to live lve longer lives by br the us use of this antitoxin In other words tho the lessons los les Je sons of science havo have enabled the physician phy phy- to save in twenty years enough h children to t populate two big oiz cities like Bo Boston ton and St. St Louis Loui What bat has baa ba been done don in tho the case ase of diphtheria is matched is-matched by what has been done dono in preventing typhoid f fever cr in inmany inmany inmany many communities It lt I is b equalled also by what h has ban 8 been dono in lighting fighting i tu in many cities dUes Those who are responsible for for the coming of tho the fifteenth international congress of hy by giene and demo demography to the United States declared Jene states declared that what has bas been dono done in in the tho case cae of diphtheria may be duplicated du duo with every infectious and contagious con con- cn ious disease on once co th the full t ful cooperation cooper opera co-opera ton tion of the public at largo large is secured To secure this coop operation co-operation r ton is admittedly admitted admitted- ly the problem groat-problem of tho the present de dc cade Monday HYGIENE AND AN SANITATION II The The I.-The The Hygienic Division |