Show How to Grow a Real Gard Gardn n of I 1 Chemical Flowers I IIII j J I 1 Nickel Nitrate Ferric Chloride the discovery of a T THROUGH process by which artificial cells can be produced scientists scientists scientists have learned how to grow plants and md flowers within a few hours here these man-made man creations do not possess the vital spark of life lile they are ble blo to c chemical and physical stimuli an ana ana their development is hindered by poisons Just like the living plant these artificIal artificial artificial arti arti- plants are aro able to heal wounds caused in inthe inthe inthe the course of growth j and since the nutritive liquid must rise a considerable distance these products must be provided pro with canals for the therise therise therise rise of the sap if the term for this use may maybe maybe maybe be borrowed The power of osmotic pressure in such a simple simple simple sim sim- chemical cell is most conveniently observed by introducing a tiny crystal of cobalt nitrate manganese sulfate ferris chloride nickel nitrate or aluminum sulfate into a solution of two parts of water glass sodium silicate and one part of water Here the solution is separated from the crystal by a so-called so semi-permeable semi membrane After a R few seconds it is noticed that the system is not In equilibrium Water passes through the membrane into the crystal The latter dissolves and produces a pressure between the liquid within with with- in the cell and the out outside ide liquid j and this causes an expansion Here the change is in in the direction direction direction tion of equilibrium and the osmotic pressure is satisfied when water will pass neither into inti nor out of the cell H How w various kind of plan plantlike plant like structures can M 4 III Y x The The Th Sugar Copper Plant f W Artificial Chemical Cells Which Exhibit the Phenomena of Living and Growing Plant Organisms easily be produced with these and similar chemicals chemicals chemi chemi- cals is explained in The Scientific American by Dr E. E Bade If one ore part of water glass and six parts of water are used as the liquid says Dr Bade we may use seeds made by mixing 15 parts of copper sulfate 5 parts of ferrous sulfate sulfate sulfate sul sul- sul- sul fate 5 parts of calcium sulfate and 5 parts of of- water These mu must t be dried after making the seeds seeds' about the size of a pea These will produce green like moss 0 like sa-like structure Brown like algae shapes are got from see seeds s made by mixing 15 parts of ferrous ferrou sulfate 5 6 parts of copper sulfate sulfate sulfate sul sul- sul- sul fate 5 parts of of- calcium sulfate and 5 6 parts of water For tree-like tree and bushy vegetation haing having haying hay hav ing green stems and white branches a mixture of 10 parts of s sulfate 10 parts of copper sulfate 1 part of ferrous sulfate 5 6 parts of calcium sulfate and md 25 parts of wa water er are taken Another way in which beautiful plant-like plant structures can be obtained is by making see seeds s consisting of of one part copper sulfate and one I AI Aluminum Sulfate part of sugar and placing them in an aqueous solution consisting of parts of water 10 to 20 parts of a 10 per cent solution of gelatine 5 to 10 parts of a saturated sodium chloride solution and nd 10 to 12 parts of a saturated saturated saturated satu satu- rated solution of ot potassium ferro IT The e development of the artificial al plant occurs occurs occurs oc oc- oc- oc curs according to the temperature sometimes requiring requiring requiring re re- re- re quiring a few days and sometimes only a few hours Here the artificial seed first surrounds it itself itself it- it self elf with the permeable of copper ferro- ferro cyanide which permits permits' the entrance of water but does not allow the sugar to escape Because of this partial permeability pressure is exerted within the seed which produces growth throughout through through- out the entire system If the fluid is placed on a glass plate growth occurs in one direction only if it is brought into a adeep deep vessel the structure grows both horizontally and vertically Then true stems are arEt formed which when they r reach ach the surface of the liquid spread out like flat leaves These artificial l structures develop protuberances protuberances protuberances pro pro- shaped like spheres or seedpods mushroom-like mushroom structures and so outwardly resemble resemble resemble re re- re- re th the organic forms Indirectly the attempt of scientific investigators tors tom to find out if the salt content of fish Is due to their ocean habitat which question Dr Bade says cannot be answered with a direct yes or no let led leSI t to the discovery of a method ethod of artificially artificially arti arti- fici lly a simple pimple cell or osmotic system a phenomenon phe- phe nomen n that plays an important part in the vital processes of both animals and plants The salt content of the blood in various fish Dr Bade goes on to explain varies with the species and the locality inhabited by it it the concentration concentration concentration con con- being generally the same as the osmotic osmotic osmotic os os- os- os pressure but it is not Invariably so In Inthe f the blood of the shark it is equivalent to the osmotic osmotic osmotic os os- os- os pressure in other fish it is much lower But other complications complications' arise The various parts of the body of of-an of an individual do not have the same constant constant pressure nor the same concentration of salt The glassy fluid o of the eye is here nere much richer In salt alt and has a higher osmotic pressure than the blood The fluid in the body cavity Is saltier than that of the blood but the flesh has a much lower con con- tent of salt than both But animals are not entirely placed under this influence The eggs and the young of some fish which in their early stages are soft of body delicate delicate deli deli- cate and fragile and carried about the ocean like plankton possess a much lower concentration ti tion n of salt their osmotic pressure being minimal The same is true of other animals notably salmon salmon salmon sal sal- mon a and d eels etc which are able to live both in fresh and salt waters But here the animals must pass a certain time in brackish water so that part of the tho salt in their blood can be withdrawn into the water before they pass on If the salt content content content con con- tent is not gradually decreased the animal d' d dies ds d s the cells being incapable of resisting the sud sudden en change of osmotic pressure Dr Bade points out a somewhat similar relation relation relation rela rela- tion that is found to exist in the tho vegetable kin kingdom king king- dom Plants through their root hairs hags says Dr Bade absorb not only moisture but certain salts which are necessary for their existence These are taken up by Eby the process of osmosis When the water in which the salts are dissolved passes through the membrane of the cell it naturally naturally naturally nat nat- creates an internal pressure and since the membrane which is allows water to enter but does not allow it to pass out the in internal internal internal in- in pressure must come to equilibrium This is arrived at when the pressure of the cell content and the absorbing power of the plasma membrane membrane mem mem- brane are equal These turgid cells do not of themselves produce a rise or flow of sap cap The water is is pressed from cell to cell by infiltration |