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Salt Lake Telegram | 1933-11-14 | Page 4 | Russia

Type issue
Date 1933-11-14
Paper Salt Lake Telegram
Language eng
City Salt Lake City
County Salt Lake
Rights No Copyright - United States (NoC-US)
Publisher Digitized by J. Willard Marriott Library, University of Utah
ARK ark:/87278/s60g4t7x
Reference URL https://newspapers.lib.utah.edu/ark:/87278/s60g4t7x

Page Metadata

Article Title Russia
Type article
Date 1933-11-14
Paper Salt Lake Telegram
Language eng
City Salt Lake City
County Salt Lake
Page 4
OCR Text I Swings Alternately Right I RUSSIA and Socialism Left as but Ultimate Keeps Pure Fare Goal I Editors Editor's Note Note Following Following is the fourth of a series on the Russian revolution revo revo- lution ution and the soviet union In world affairs United affairs United Press association By JOSEPH II If BAIRD BArnD United Press Staff Correspondent Copyright 1933 by United Press WASHINGTON Nov 14 UP UP- UP The he soviet union dis discovered in the third hird year ear of its life that Russia was not lot ready for absolute communism Thereafter hereafter it followed an policy swinging right and left under the pressure of circumstances but ut keeping its eyes ever on the goal of f pure socialism In the year 1933 Russia Russin is nearer theoretical communism than it was wasa it a decade ago but not so near as Inthe in inic the ic years just after the revolution Farm Question I As in many another country the farm question was the stumbling stumbling- block lock which halted Russia's early march toward pure communism After the period of civil war and foreign intervention Russia began a tremendous effort to put communist doctrines into practice Industry was vas communized cells of workers being beng be be- ing ng set up in factories to manage them hem At the same time an nn effort eUort was as begun to apply communism to the farms arms The theory was that the peasants s should give their grain to the he state and get in return needed manufactured goods But because industry was still weak these goods were not available Nevertheless the soviet oviet officials insisted on confiscating ing lug grain Angered the Russian peasants In 1921 1021 greatly reduced their grain acre- acre age ge Why labor Jabor over many acres they hey reasoned if the product of their toil oil was to be confiscated by the state Combined with this purposely reduced reduced reduced re re- re- re acreage was another factor which acted to cut the grain available in 1921 a 1921 a drouth Hence Russia suffered a great famIne fam fam- Inc Ine ne which affected persons The relief forces of the world were mobilized to aid in fri n this great human disaster Alarmed Russian officials modified their campaign and reverted to a measure measure measure mea mea- sure of capitalism Under the so so- called new economic policy promulgated pro in 1921 the peasants were allowed to keep a share of their grain and md private trading again flourished The traders known as met a real economic need of the times And limited private trading rading has continued in Russia for some ome years Meanwhile a n bitter dispute was proceeding in communist political cir cir- cles les One group led lcd by Leon Trotsky insisted that absolute communism must be established and that the fight for or world revolution must go on in other lands Another faction headed by jy Josef Stalin believed that the transition from capitalism to pure communism must be worked out slowly slow slow- ly y with regard to economic realities and that the surest way to popularize communism abroad was to better living liv ing conditions in Russia Stalin's philosophy phi triumphed In 1928 however under the leadershIp leadership leadership leader leader- ship of Stalin Russia undertook a new and gigantic effort to lay a substantial basis for a communist state This cf ef fort was contained in the famous lift lift year five plan designed to Russia in a brief half decade from a backward agricultural nation to a modern industrial l country and simultaneously simultaneously sim sim- to wipe out illiteracy and improve living conditions Figures are tedious but In general the Russian plan envisaged vas vast hydro-electric hydro projects some acres sowed by 1933 scores of new factories thousands of new homes for workmen an increase in livestock anc and the extension of education Plan PIm Moved Io Rapidly In Its us early phases the year five plan moved rapidly so much so that that tha the Russians decided to finish it in four and onE quarter one years ears In its later phases however the world depression intervened and retarded it So in its last year the plan fell 40 per cent below below below be be- low its goaL Special trouble was encountered li lithe In Inthe Inthe the plan to merge thousands of small smal farms into vast collectives or farms arms operated by the state In carrying ou out this scheme the Soviets drove thousands of kulaks or rich peasants from their farms and banished them to Siberia Despite the human suffering i it caused and its failure in some respects however more more impartial observers regarded regarded regarded re re- re- re the year five plan as a sue suc- cess It laid the basis of heavy industry necessary for a modern state and vas vast progress was as made in collectivizing the farms And its effects were felt In foreign trade During the years between 1928 and 1930 before the world depres depres- sion sian was fully developed United States exports to Russia jumped from 74 to per year Russia now is beginning a new live five iv year plan in which light industry will dominate
Reference URL https://newspapers.lib.utah.edu/ark:/87278/s60g4t7x/16298675