Show il Ther Theres There's s 's Wealth in the Farm Firm Woodlot I BY FRAZ A. A AUST Associate of ot I D DesIgn University of Wisconsin pearly Nearly early every twentieth person inthe Inthe in inthe the United States is dependent upon the forest and Its products for tor his three squares a day It means 6 5 folks That's a how deep a i of timber material l 1 strike into this country's Industrial life Ufe Labor employers In III the wood woodworking woodIw Iw working w trades everywhere realize that tl they are facing a timber short short- age No wonder these Industries are areu continually u demanding e the ll rg eating of the national a f fo forest t areas s A A. wood famine means a national calamity Use substitutes then says sas the cheerful one But In spits spite of or all the Iron and brick and steel and concrete its place fi e which we t h are are s supposed using fn sef twice to take as much as we were fifty years ago This ThiS' Is fa because there are so many new uses and nd demands forthe forthe for forthe the products made from trees in conne connection connection con con- ne with the other materials But what has the little ten acre woodlot on the average farm to do i with a crisis of this sort UP to toI the present time very ery little There I is more land In farm woodlots today to- to diy div however than In all the national national na na- na- na forests put together Farm woodlots as a whole are producing o tenth one-tenth of ot the timber t they y could produce It If they were rec fourths fully tully stocked they would yield l more each year chI than all the timber which Is c cut t annually in III th the nations nation's forests And then the land not in trees but most suitable for trees has not even been mentioned Take Talce New York alone When Its great expanse of ot land Is classified only one halt of ot it can cats be called true agricultural land The other half halt Is classified as real forest land or land which Is better adapted to the growing of ot trees I Ithan than to the tho growing of cultivated crops If H these acres cres were Properly planted to timber and well managed managed man man- I I aged they would yield for tor all aU the the years to come most of or the timber n needed eded for the wood working Industries Indus Indus- indUstries tries of the state Its the states state's job to boX after ot of those acres and to see that Otney are for for- rated But acres one one- fourth of the whole are found within the boundaries of individual l farms Massachusetts has one firth of her area classIfied as Idle lan land 1 Most of this Idle land would grow trees better than anything vt else of this Inthe inthe in There are 1 acres the state and the Massachusetts Forestry association through action or of the commonwealth Is trying to bring back forests to these acres Some or of thin land on private farms has already been forested and the timber vili be available for use Individuals will pr presently be the which helping to produce for tor her has to Import the state sow now Industries and at the same time the will be pro profit tit of their own farms Increased lIow Ilow much does the woodlot Increase increase In- In crease the value t a farm About b a generation ago one sixth one ot of the ot of the farms In New Hampshire Hamp- Hamp profits woodlots shire came from the farm Recently In a Middle Western state an of R a til farm was made without the value ot of the timber In the woodlot The Tho woodlot was rated at 50 an acre the rest of the farm at af 10 an acre A little made madea official later a federal hank bank second appraisal Including the tha a woodland Based ow the cruiser was merchantable mer- mer report for timber was vat val the whole farm used und at an acre the lbs It is stated state l 2000 board feet teet of lumber uses about That's about two cords every year of every wood besides his fuel It a woodlot woodlot wood wood- lot Is producing as It one hOUd I Icord acre acre-a farmer farm farm- cord a ear for every wool wool- 1 er wIth Ill a hayS have ten or twelve acre timber woo to needs and a amount to market besides Wisconsin's rivers a of Near Neal one has fifteen acres ot of farmer certain overfloW land It Is rich bottom soil is 18 situated on oft one corner ot of the but farm It an i It Is convenient neither neith- neith it er rt I is for likewise pasture re rg too nor steep for e hay woodlot for r Part tv thIs of ideal tion To make an has bas planted mixed timber farmer natIve ash v birch to the elm yno r he oh oak has aside a a. part ot of the land for forr fora also set a special th walnut du This tree r el is particularly a tl adapted to river bottom soil To Insure sound sturdy slur slur- dy growth In this climate nuts trees planted Instead ot of young were in straight and were placed eIght feet teet apart and six feet teet rows apart In the rows This part ot of the woodlot Is for tor future value DurIng th war the supply of walnut timber in thIs country was wasl largely l fl fly y and exhausted a scarcity for gun is t the stock tc result s ma- ma ft furniture Is Walnut as a wood for again becoming popular and the demand df de- nand mand for fort t it among wood workers In- In year b bv by year in due aue time unit there Will I be marketable timber of great reat value alue on this river bottom foil soil soU From the acres whereon a mixed nIxed variety o of trees Is standing meanwhile there will be plenty plent for Zor for all al the lumber and firewood needed on the farm On another Wisconsin farm Herman Herman Her Her- man Ihre is renewing an old wood- wood lot He lie had a good stand of whiteoak whiteoak white whiteoak oak to begin with but stock ock had been allowed to pasture th there re anU ana very little new growth was the re re- re sult suit After ACer a recent sleet stormo storm broke o doWn doton many of the old trees he decided CI to O n replant rg m Ills His first l task was to take out all al the trees would not repair themselves These hese were good for fuel tuel Next lext came the I selection of ot proper trees to plant I on high ground and those which would bring best mOne money returns i J For this he chose sound souni i trees I free from disease and Insect attacks 11 Mr Ihde's farm is In the paper j mill vicinity of or the state Ho lie chose therefore e t some fast growing growing- poplars to be sold l for g pulp l f wood v These will willbe willbe M be ready in from eight to twelve years after they were planted Hus wood for lor which there are arf local markets and which has 6 us ees s from spools to trunks has also found place In this woodlot Birch l which grows quickly and Is ready I for use se In fn fifteen or twenty years year was planted for future bolt wood Then there were white oak and white pine to be ready for still later cutti cutting ng This woo oo woodlot lot will sooner or later be Ideal eal in other wa ways 8 as aa well as aa asIn asIn wel In t tr Ph wil he h. h enough trees tree tree-s- nf of or orb b both th i fast t s stand and and slow growth to shade the ground and to conserve the moisture Growing Crowing shrubs of ot native variety wilt will wil In In- In close the miniature forest and will wil prevent a a- atoo too rapid circulation of ot air Not ot only will wi plenty ot Of moist moisture mois mols- t ture ure and proper air all circulation further further further fur fur- ther the growing of the trees these thee conditions will Bl act as a prevention against a a woodlands woodland's worst wort enemy enemy- lire fire fre Neither will other enemies of or an Ideal woodlot be harbored Cattle Catte and sheep and hogs and nores will wil have no admittance for pasture ana anti grazing And only the trees which are ready for market mark t or for use each year year will wil be cut The Interest will wi be e used while the tho capital capital remains Intact Every farm woodlot welt well wel planted and well vell wel managed a na na- asset as well wel as property with wih private value alue It I means much to a nations nation's naton's agriculture agri agri- culture to have the waste land onn on many many- n thousands u of farms producing the forest s crop to which 1 it is adapted adapt adapt- r ed thus saving the more fertile fertle soil for the production of food fool There her IB is II the rough the ston stony the hi hilly the tho swampy land Jand all al well wel suited to lo lu the lake states especially there are millions milons of ot acres of marsh laru lana Wisconsin alone has In hi all al an area area of marsh marh land larger han the state statE of ot New ew jersey Some of ot this land Is ls producing excellent cranberries marsh hay bay too is a valuable crop on a a. portion porton of It i. i But many many acres on private farms could well be to white spruce if wel near the tho piper piper paper mill mil section to white cedar for poles and posts to tamarack also for poles and ad posts and with wih special treatment for tor railroad ties Both cedar cedar and spruce are ready for market In fifteen or 01 twenty years year from the time they arc are planted These hese are good trees for northern woodlots Inthe n the South from Luls- Luls Louis Louis- lana iana to Southern Illinois cedar and cypress cypres do welL well Few ew trees tres of or foreign birth are of or much value on American 81 soil Norway Nor Nor- way vay spruce is twenty or ot thirty thirtY years ears ut hi growing to 0 market size it IB Is easily broken by storm storms j aTI c after Jr thirty years year It i rapidly declines Scotch and Austrian pines while faster growing growing growing-at at first need much protection an and l are Th rha ha European larch on the other hand Is a good producer i In ni thin country although It has as Us Its Is enemy the the dread larch sawfly Larch trees tree are are known to have become two twenty inches in diameter in twenty-eight twenty Years That hillsides be planted to tr trees es on farms as al aswelt welt as on public land I is of national Imp Importance ranc Thus can erosion be prevented and erosion valuable land can be saved saed from the Uie scrap heap It is a a grave gra matter matter- matter that tho the taking away of trees from farm tarm and forest has his deprived the land hand of or its great moisture r reservoirs and has Is ald forced streams large and small to shrink and dry up Of or this smal the mIght mighty Father of Waters Vater is I a astrik ing log example Once the great forests on either Ither side held eld eid the snows and rains to furnish it a huge volume ot or water witter the whole S season lson through Now ow that the forests are taken away rains and melting snows talen swell It tremendously for o a s short time Bur uP later alas alasi the h hrat great rat Mississippi is reduced to a second rate stream upon which large steamers steamer cannot navigate Where woodlots woodlot exist there is I a protection from heat tn summer there Is shelter sheler for a a whole countryside against cold sweeping winds in winter J Ery woodlot planted eer every bit bi of ot woodland re revived re- re will wi be doing its utmost toward bringing back natural con eon so ruthlessly taken away Raising liaising timber Umber for industry and benefiting farming as a business are I not the only objects in planting and preserving the woodlot woodlot Even young oung trees ten or fifteen years old oid are beautiful to look upon and every bit of or woodland makes a charming setting for lake or stream border or to relieve flat fat prairie land The splendid wild creatures too which now have scarcely a a sanctuary outside outside outside out out- side the great national forests will wil find In the little woodland a safe cafe place for a home Nation aton state and farmer must work together In reforesting AmerIca America America Amer Amer- ica so SQ grave a problem Is the ne necessity necessity ne- ne of ot planting more trees forthe for forthe forthe the future Farmers are the greatest greatest great great- r est owners of rTh forest tl producing d W land landIn In the nation This land would woul coyer cover coy cov er an area larger than Minnesota and Michigan and Wisconsin and Maine Maine alne acres In all al What a mighty responsibility rests with wih its owners But Its It's Is a a. great greit opportunity too loo Th Theres There's res re's wealth In the farm woodlot when It i Is properly planted and managed and measured and market |