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Show First Yank. Correspondent' to Visit Hunland's Capita! - Portrays Nation's Upheaval Conditions Since Signing- of Armistice Disclosed by Writer, Who Made Journey to Berlin in Airplane; Revolution an Accomplished Accom-plished Fact, He Declares. By FXEDERICX A- S)CTH T-i-Ch;'jg-o Tr-.i-.-e C-a-t.e-Crrrrt IV.l ) With:?.- revolutionary c-zr-;-:aNY. De- r?. Bhei-r:- ihit t br: ta t:vyr- er the trjth -tr:t pchticai ara t-z&rr.'s: t-z&rr.'s: : uorsa ir. r?--&r. y to ?o to O r.zry. e.?-g ocri'.tlotj tor r-r'f I ha-re -;tt ccrr. 4 i : .'iTTty'.r.z hr--S' tee fe-rrrer Yj. -rer' s "err.? rre : : iari cf wt.:ci tirre I i?-r.t in 3r:.n. i I was frt jr:2te -rj.r to t, "F' Arr.er.cn r.tsi?r c--r'?T'OT-.er:t to rr.&jte his ay thrcjgh t.e "rarico-American arrr: on tie tit front, jx-r.ti.rat-rt the G-rr art lines aryd pai-.s; on to , Br'.:n, at every epr-Tt-nJt" rr.i:rg care-J care-J - j crbse r-.-R j or a r. d 1 n ; -j ; r-s re ra rd i the frryi rfjaticri, poiiJc.l ar.d rrL: cor.dltlor.e- Four other orresT,w.'irte entered Ger-rr. Ger-rr. ar y v'. th n. e . but at FYan Jcf otr. I ac -ceted as offer to make a speedy voyage to the c p ! a 1 In an at rp 11 n e , t ! 9 battered bat-tered vir Tier enab'.lrg me to gain two days for edditlTs; reeE.rch. having made the flight of 2&5 miles in three hours and thirty -five minutes. This a gres.t advantage on acco-jr.t of the cDr.geeTed 'conditions of the railroads and highways high-ways du to the demobilisation of whe arnilea 'nr. -3 the njehlr.g of oquiprrer.t, men and stores back from the frontiers. Says Revolution Is Complete One Traveling by train or motor car was so slow Jt often printed seemingly insurmountable in-surmountable difficulties because of the shattered railway service, the crowded roads, the lack of tires and gas for automobiles, auto-mobiles, tmt the enforced delays gave opportunities for the study of Germany which would otherwise have been Impossible. Im-possible. The most Important phaae of the German Ger-man situation tolay may best te- summarized sum-marized under thre-e heads, as follows: First, the revolution is eermplete and apparently ap-parently genuine, the great majority of the people seemingly having erh braced spontaneously the change to throw off the rulers and militaristic chiefs who plunged the empre Into disaster.' The country Is now striving to resume Its former peaceful avocations trut s shuddering shud-dering at the proppect of having to feed millions of returned soldiers, whereas there is Insufficient food now for those civilians occupying unproductive area. Government control is eagerly Bought by the various parties of divefgont alms and views, but, since November 11, hu been nominally in the possession of the Arbeiter and Soldatenrat, composed of a workers' and soldiers' commute lneaeh army corps, the district being composed of representatives selected In the ratio of one local delegate to each fifty of the workers and poldier. TheBO co-operato with twenty-eight members of A similar committee in Br-' lin, which twenty-eight In turn have super-'vised super-'vised the administration of the cabinet of six formed by Ebert and composed of thr.o moderate socialists and three radicals, thus establishing a dictatorship pending the convening of a national assembly as-sembly on Februnry 16. Thus far the administration of affairs has been accompaanied by little violence or bloodshed, but has been punctuated by many minor disorders and lawless nets which are dealt with vigorously. Meanwhile, Ijolshevtsm, impersonated by Liebknecht and supported by the Spar-tacus Spar-tacus group, trades on famine conditions in an effort to enlist civilians and returning re-turning soldiers in a program of terror and destruction. Second, Germany is suffering grievously grievous-ly from the lack of food in Unproductive districts, la grippe causing a widespread Increase In mortality on account of the lack of nourishing food, particularly among mothers and babes. I have tAlked to many hundreds of Germans In traveling travel-ing more than 1200 mlleu through the country and all agree that the vital C-f r-r-L-r. r.: f. " rv ; rr -ml - T.irl si: G-er 1- ar -i - a 7',r tt Pr?:r:-tnt a-i A-"-ta . o.'MtT rL.v? ?i f : :;.. f 'w. . f rtr. t ,t r: 1 - -.! fro -e T: r.: h ? n rz-r:v.-g rr?-r ad c: ?.-zz .. -ftCn c ,:.t F.fffiar: trr-:t:r The C-rrr.s.9 70: r.t cu: t.at e.ff?r.rff fr&rr; a irUe ci fr.;r a-i 1 tr a - f p. 'J or. t -j t e s.;ui-.:?r, : 5 'crs ttre tr. e'.i-hre arid senccft.v : rffraT:E the food prcr;n. 1 j a - 3 r. r-T ou J: --m Gerrr-an r;-rr:''.;TOj t.U S-e e: out :s suc-cte-l.r.C ar:s o? '.h i wries. tut I ra-nc-r est. pe.reraliy. iat w;-.;.ft cod;:;os of law and order are --c: a.1 vai is ; !ei:rd, '----jeftlcnt.r'.v lha ror.-T :s : -e'.rtsa beut of he lor.r e-'-orr-e-: , of ii4s fooc rejri;a.;or.f, -r;ch :t rc-st"4 t:c- turvation ;n the hvrri?a. r the rr.iUtariftJc j-ecia pl&yfrd their STrir.ir or. the wr fror.u .o .he Ian c erf-era :e shot. : I am irjclined to believe- :here is s-:re baiE for the Gerrr,n c'j:.- tha: rrs-r-.v lives of w-oTTj-ri and children wii: be sacrificed sacri-ficed this wirier i'n!g aid corr.eB qu!:A- : lv. The fjrthr ar? jmen! of th German FKrj'ie that r:ief rro wMl eaaMe thm to re-eEtab!ish their idustnes an 3 as.-i- ' cultural producllon. and event-jaKy provide pro-vide rceani to raj heavy indemnities, hich all conf!en.; foresee, is euirmh:ed for the consideration of expert econ- the practical logic of such an arg-a menL Fa 0 Once Big Military Establishment. Probably the beat way to indicate 3iow the Germane have been governed since the revolution will be the description of m' progress from Met through Thion-v!IIe, Thion-v!IIe, thence across trie German border and onward to Berlin amid the armies of the people 89 bltteny resisting the American Ameri-can and entente forces. The story presents pre-sents sometimes almost incredible pictures pic-tures of the once mighty nation which, before the reverses on the Champagne and the Marne in June and July, threatened threat-ened to overrun France. 1 heard the constant reiterated assertion asser-tion that the people had been deceived as to both the military and economic conditions con-ditions until the final crash of Uuden-dorff's Uuden-dorff's high-flown ambition, their first thought after learning the truth being to throw off the militaristic Hohenaollern yoke, and then turning; to the promises of President Wilson for a Just peace and the promise or food relief, condltlonai on the preservation of law and order. Th Germans, so arrogant and full of hate a few months ago, now are apparently ap-parently helpless and also hopeless, except ex-cept for their faith in the disposition of America to aid; so, when I explained on entering the ountry in search of truth on conditions, I met little difficulty In Obtaining: opportunity for a full inquiry, independent of the authorities. In some cases, and being aided by the authorities at other times. Soon after leaving Metz. 6n November 21, and crossing the border separating Germany and Alsace-Lorraine, I overtook over-took the army being commanded by Von der Manvttz. against which we fought the Argonne and Meuse battles. The troops were moving northward, my automobile auto-mobile skirting for hours the apparently Interminable columns of tramping soldiers, sol-diers, rattling wagons, and plodding artillery.'- Thus I was enabled to see the German armies' homecoming, and could not but contrast it with the fetes witnessed wit-nessed in Paris after the signing of the armistice and the Impressive ceremonies at Metz on the ISth, when the French officially took back Lorraine. I saw wreaths of paper flowers tossed to the tired soldiers by the women, children chil-dren and old men on the country roads and village streets, with the ever repeated cries of, "Welcome home, heroes." I saw children giving the hungry warriors handfuls of popcorn and one woman serving serv-ing imitation coffee from the front window win-dow of a stone cottage. ' These thlrrgs eave th first lntimfl.tlon of th tnntl nltn. atlon. Many flags were afloat, including- not only the black, red and white banner of Germany, but the crimson and gold emblems em-blems of state, and occasionally the red flags of the revolution. Acros the roadways road-ways were stretched ropes, entwined with evergreen and paper flowerc, from which hung mottoes bearing cheering words of welcome. The day before had been the annual celebration of the harvest of ffrapes, and paper rlbhons and bouquets of field flowers; emploved then were used a second time to lift the spirits of the returning men In gray. Children Acclaim Defeated Soldiers. Children shouted to the soldiers, congratulating con-gratulating them on winning the war, their elders not having- told the Utile ones that the passing soldiers were returning from lost battlefields. Later, as far east as Mains, Frankfort and Berlin, I saw preparations going forward to greet, the beaten legions, always with a great show of flags, here waving the black and white' of Prussia and there the green and white draperies of Saxony. The soldiers tried hard to conceal their downcast spirits at the diastrous results of the long struggle and responded to the children's salutations and exchanged Jests with the villagers "as they passed on their weary way northward and eastward. At Saarburg I first came In contact with the Arbelter and Soldatenrat in the person lof a young lieutenant wearing a white brassard, who was directing the movements of the troops through the choked streets. He seemed astonished to j see Americans beside the German ranks ' and stepped on our running-board, listen- ing intently to our explanation for en-i en-i terlng Germany to get material whereby '; to Inform the American people on the : main facts of food conditions. The lleu-' lleu-' tenant not only said to go ahead, but promised to have an Arbelter and Soldat-j Soldat-j enrat representative at Tenler to meet 1 the car. At the outskirts of Trier a man In a . sailor's costume, also wearing a white . brassard, met the car. conducting us ' to the hotel, and latr introduced the mayor and supplied our first rredentlals sinoe crossing the borner. This sailor, Fritz Harris, was one of the seamen who swarmed ' southward from Kiel after the wanthtp crews mutinied there on November No-vember 5 when ordered to take the shios to sea for a last battle a-ainst hopfS edrip. and Harris, afier arriving at Trier, enlisted fifty o'ber recruits in the revolution revo-lution ar movement to peacefully disarm I the 7',CMV soldiers carriored at Trier and I to win support in the evpiutlen. , Harris Is yovjr.f arH vigorous ad ap-, ap-, parertly is dicta:lr:c the entire ad minis- ' 1 tratien of the Mr city, his orders being j , obeyed readily and apparently i 1 f n e 1 1 j by the fomner c!v!'i.n rulers, tn-l-jd r.g ' ; the buTcorr.aeter. the ra'.'roatis. te'e- j graphs a:id rostof flees, and even me 1 mi'itars- aders. j I Harris arranged our promei to Co- j Men by train. wh-e we met ah ar .y j ' lieufensnt with th irv-hnV,e w.v'.e i bra!rc!. who took u th rough rarfi of : ! drowsing German cl'Vers !n thx station i 1 watt:r.-POOT!S to a lit;! eh-r.ber where 1 lb asited for our cre-Vr.tiaii ir.J ex-1 1 press. a:on:ihrrer-, w'en --e sa:d we ; , had none Tcer: r-e ?l:p cf paoer c--( talked by Pa:'r Karr.s in Tner. i ' jta.i he was forcei to an -jt to r :t:r. in tw roc-r jii'.l he rou'-l arrarj to I taVe -:i be'e-re the ;rci' cor".fee c '" I E eh- arn-.y cors c.stm-t. t- ;f .T't - j ca.tir.tj that we were ur.if r arrest tut L-..:r- -y k r" " - : ' .-'"r": :x -V. L. - lr "t -' c-: r . f 7 tjr-t - -1 r: : - f - : - - v -ri s. .i - f i i - ' ' ' ' " " -" -' ttat ' i l-:- h . - : r . "r v . : E ' .5 ; i :.- r-..-.: -sf-s-f n :r r i Says Revolution '.Was Peaceful One. r-s;.h as.kei is a-.j-.a: , sor. j:--.5hf-i :a;es: w : 'Ye he Tir'.fi 1:5 in'v vt ' ' 7r.:'::&z;!-c rz.t rs. at,. '. hi. . rt-i 7 : ihene :s :ur answer :hsu" I r-0-s.thi ci.ara;".er.iei the nevrufrn ; vcr'-i s 7cl::.c: ;ha-'?-'5. sa '"Th 5 :b .U ".he n.:re ren-.ar:arle fcr J.e riKr. ; th. 5. . G rrr.' a.r. y h a c. to h " w o -: : h ? ; rulers cf :r.::-:.ve's: .ni iu'h.es : :r.5'.2 cf or.?."' sr.i. rrvudlv 7o-.r.::r.; to :h.e fi.r: :hi. r.o i-c-p ct Mcoi -"- j Sfilied in CoMeri on Nof?r . ". 11 cr 1".. while the revo::;: wa :ss.j p a:-o-h said the pe-cr.e hF.i leu? svr.;ei moment for the strvse. t1". f.r-e he're bas-.er.e-i by tr.e ri.7-.fi y cl-Tir.; : z U-?r. surpliess explain;-g the J..crs h..:. two hear;?, one he.ir; it :h.e :r: ; ;. another a ; h:r.c : : h their w : i a i chijdren, and when they re'.-rrnf-.i 10 thoir hemes and o.-rssicr.il y :o-.:::d ;he;r-:'A"v.-I iiie-s ur.denr.onF'-.ed they lot: :hei.- ,.-.r.t I for further h::l;r.e. Dona-.h tailed stteniicn tv :h -r-:at need for foo-3 for those ci:r:c:s hi are nonproductive and that par ticular etress be laid on the need for 1 fats, condensed milk, leather ar.a ecirs-Hc ecirs-Hc said the delivery o: t ranspori. .;'. 0:1 facilities p the allies under tr.e term? of the armistice had further igrava'-ed the food crisis. Leaving Coblenz, we motored under the brilliant moon and stars aiong the Khine. our German- army rhaufteur imUiins such speed that it was impossible to make our glimpses of famous castles Vmd old world towns more than momentary flashes of picturesque silhouettes. Ihxwn was adding to the beauties of the river and 'mountains as we left the Rhine, and we took one last look at the sombre runs find vineclad heights before turning our faces toward Mainz and Frankfort. Among the leaders of the workers and soldiers at Frankfort was Herman Wen-del, Wen-del, who also declared he iavored publicity pub-licity regarding German economic conditions, condi-tions, lie betn a member of the iate relchstag and now most active in revolutionary revo-lutionary affairs. Wendel said the German military breakdown was duo primarily to the submarine sub-marine program, which always" was unpopular un-popular with the people. He also declared de-clared the breakdown was due to the collapse of the spring drive and to Lu-dendorff'a Lu-dendorff'a meddling in politics, after promising the smash on the west front was a peace offensive. Wendel and Walter Locb, another of the Frankfort committee, invited us to a theater where a revolutionary leader was to speak. There we heard an address, ad-dress, in which a crowded house was assured Germany's hope lay In President Wilson and America. A man in the center cen-ter of the throng arose, proposing three cheers for President Wilson and America, which were given with a will, apparently apparent-ly being unanimous. I saw many people and visited many stores in Frankfort, obtaining material for a comprehensive analysis of tho food situation. An illuminating sidelight on (Femmny's eagerness to prove the need for fiod to be supplied was the voluntary offer by Frankfort to send me to Berlin in an airplane, because transportation conditions condi-tions were so unsettled. Helnrich Hoffmann, an energetic performer per-former in the famous group of German aviators known as "Rlchthofen's circus," was Introduced as my pilot. Hoffmann, a youngster of 23, was wearing the cross of Bayern, the Iron cross and other decorations, deco-rations, showing he had been wounded five times. The last wound was inflicted inflict-ed by an American flyer In a hot fight over Frankfort, f Takes Start on Military Airplane. At the aviation field the mechanic wheeled out a Halberstadt biplane, one of them making the comforting remark that it was not much good, all the top-notch top-notch machines having been taken elsewhere. else-where. I was assisted into a knitted wool helmet, leather helmet, leather maslf and soon was taking- leave of the- ground in a flying craft. The propeller yanked us forward, giving giv-ing me the same chilly shock that I suffered suf-fered on the Lorraine last July, when a great wave struck the side of that ship just as I was taking a rundown after a bath, and drove a torrent of water through the port hole, ., knocking me off my feet and thoroughly drenching the sartorial equipment. ' I soon began to enjoy the smooth flight upward, although the smashing gale from the propeller was much stronger than X had anticipated. We headed for Berlin at approximately a hundred miles an hour, with nothing to do except to keep my head behind Hoffmann's back to escape es-cape the terrific rush of air, and occasionally occa-sionally peering out at the German Maud-scape, Maud-scape, which, from a height "f two thousand thou-sand meters, revealed fields of variegated tans and greens, with splotches of red-tiled red-tiled roofa for warmth, and stretches of black foresta to t complete the illusion that an enormous Persian shawl was unrolling un-rolling beneath us. Hoffmann managed the phme with a map between his knees, constantly looking look-ing downward on either side to follow the rivers and railroads and towns, A He: a while the thunderous roar of the motor mo-tor stopped and the machine sagged with, a sickening inertia, Hoffmann heading it straight for a village at an angle of 45 degrees. Gripping the frail wood brace, I thought of many airplanes I had fieen on the west front, with their noses dug Into the ground and their wings shattered, shat-tered, but the motor started again, and the plane leveled out. Hoffmann had performed a maneuver to get a better look at the village, which he explained to me afterward didn't seem to belong on the map. Many other evolutions evo-lutions followed before we made a nu-tious nu-tious descent at Cassel for gas. Hr:rt Field Marsha! Hindenburg grunte'.1 rnc an interview. Darkness forced the second landing at Nordhausen. wher we sp'iil the night, resuming the voyage to Berlin at 1j:15 o'clock p. tn. |