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Show numbers to bombard railroad depots and other supply stations. The particular I advantage of these aeroplanes is that they can select unguarded stations and cause destruction without danger to themselves. Otherwise the Germans .will be forced to keep guards armed with aeroplane guns at every exposed supply depot. A movement of considerable importance import-ance appears to have begun along the southern Russian front. The Vienna report states that the Russians attacked along the whole line in Galicia and the Russian province just to the north. This seems to be" an offensive timed to begin be-gin with the Teutonic drive into Serbia. The Vienna official communication, after stating that the Russians were repulsed everywhere, adds the significant signifi-cant statement that the Russians had "plenty of ammunition." If that is true, the Russians are able to fight on equal terms with their foes for the first time in six months. How Russia has been able to obtain adequate supplies sup-plies of munitions will be a fascinating story when it is told after the war. It means that industry in Russia has been reorganized and that the immense superiority of Russia in .numbers of workmen is becrinnintr to tell. Tt also PROGRESS OF THE WAR. Great military events are in progress prog-ress or impending. For the moment the world 's attentioo is concentrated upon the Austro-German invasion of Serbia. It is too early to predict the outcome, but undoubtedly the advantage advan-tage is with the invaders. The reports from jS'ish, Berlin and Vienna must be discounted. There will be the usual tendency to give one's own side the best of it and to conceal disasters dis-asters until the last moment. The official communication from Xish with reference to the operations of last, Friday was highly optimistic, but without apparent reason. It told how the invaders had been repulsed with enormous losses at one point and how several other attempts to cross the rivers which guard Serbia's borders to the north and west had been frustrated, frus-trated, but it was clear that the Aus-trians Aus-trians and Germans had crossed the Danube, Save and Drina in many means that Russia is being supplied j from the outside by Great Britain, Prance, Japan and American manufacturers. manufac-turers. It is interesting to note in this connection that Russia's new railroad to he A rctic sea from Petrograd is completed, according to unofficial reports. re-ports. This is not a new line to Archangel, Arch-angel, but .to the harbor of Ekaterina, on the Arctic ocean far to the northwest north-west of Archangel, which is on the White sea. The road touches at two points on the ("Wlhitc sea and then turns northwestward to Ekaterina. This port is said to be open to navigation all the year round. How this can be is explained ex-plained by the fact that the Gulf stream which tempers the weather of the British Brit-ish isles and warms the coast of Norway, Nor-way, sweeps around north of Lapland and ' ' back lashes ' ' into the Russian harbor of Ekaterina. The American contractors who constructed the road were under contract to finish it by October Oc-tober 1, but it is said they completed it three weeks before that date. By means of this railroad Russia will be able to maintain an open route to the outer world all the year round. A new offensive by the Italians has been made to synchronize with the offensive movements of their allies. It is not a drive, but merely an increased in-creased intensity of artillery fire and infantry attack. The purpose is to keep large forces of Austrians on the Italian front and to cause heavy losses. The allies estimate- they now have superiority superior-ity in numbers and can afford to sacrifice sacri-fice one and a half to one. Along the Suvla bay front on the Gallipoli peninsula the English have advanced ad-vanced three hundred yards along a front of four miles in the last few weeks. On the sea there has been little activity ac-tivity except for the bombardment of the Belgian coast by English warships. An Austrian submarine sank an English Eng-lish transport in the Mediterranean, while English submarines sank a German Ger-man transport and another Germau vessel ves-sel in the Baltic. places. This was to have been expected. expect-ed. When the Serbian report describes the enemy as "pinned to the river" bank that is merely depicting a transient, tran-sient, phase of the operations. The Germans and Austrians doubtless will make good their passage of the three rivers and will occupy Belgrade without excessive losses. The Serbians look for this and are fighting a rear guard action at most places. At some strategic points near the rivers they will make a determined stand, but ultimately ulti-mately their line will be withdrawn to the mountainous regions, whero they inflicted such a tremendous defeat upon the Austrians ten months ago. It will be interesting to watch the developments of the campaign in that region where the distance between Hungary Hun-gary and Bulgaria is shortest. The invaders in-vaders have taken towns in this district dis-trict and may try to drive their first wedge through it to the Bulgarian border, bor-der, but the way is mountainous, the roads are few and there is no railroad. To gain their real object a railroad line of communication from Austria-Hungary Austria-Hungary to Sofia the invaders must capture the trunk line to Nish and thence east to the Bulgarian border. For political reasons Bulgaria has not yet made a flank attack on Serbia. The reason for this restraint is found in the troaty which requires Greece to come to the assistance of Serbia the moment Bulgaria attacks. If the Aus-tro-German armies can crush Serbian resistance re-sistance without Bulgarian aid then the casus belli between Bulgaria and Serbia may not arise. Under such circumstances circum-stances the condition of the allies who have landed in Greece will be rendered more embarrassing. They will be compelled com-pelled to fight the Balkan battle without with-out the help of the Greek army, although al-though it is unlikely that the Greeks will place any obstacle in the way of the transportation of English and French troops. So far the allies have not landed more than 70,000 troops at Saloniki, a number insufficient to withstand with-stand the Teutonic drive. Unless Greece comes to the assistance of the allies and the chances are she will the Austro-German objective probably will be accomplished. What is to become of the allied armies if the Teutons triumph? Will they be captured with all their guns and supplies or will they be able to preserve pre-serve a way of retreat? Several courses are open to them. If they can hold fast on their left wing which touches the Montenegrin border they can swing around and fall back into that country, or they can move a little lit-tle farther to' the south and take shelter in the mountain fastnesses of Albania. In either case Serbia will be lost. An unconfirmed report of a few days ago stated that the Russians were bombarding bom-barding Varna, the Bulgarian port on the Black sea. IT- Russia's fleet is dominant dom-inant in the Black sea, that is to say if the Goeben is out of commission and Teuton submarines are few or nonexistent, non-existent, the czar can send an expedition expedi-tion across the Black sea from Odessa and can land it on the Bulgarian coast. To prevent this Bulgaria will assemble a few troops, relying principally, princi-pally, it is generally believed by experts, ex-perts, upon Turkish troops to protect Bulgarian territory from invasion by way of the back door of the Black sea. The Anglo-French fleet is guarding the landing of troops at Saloniki and is patrolling pa-trolling the Aegean coast of Bulgaria. The number of Germans and Austrians Aus-trians invading Serbia appears to be a matter of much doubt. Some reports fix it at 800,000. others at 600,000, and still others at not more than 400,000. It probably is somewhat less than it would have been had there been no allied offensive of-fensive in . the west. The drive by which the French made such important gains in the Champagne country and around Souchez and the English a gain of three miles at Loos caused the Teutons Teu-tons a loss of probably 200,000 effectives effect-ives if we include as a part of the drive all the operations of the last three weeks in the western theater. The drive is still in progress. During the week the French bettered their position posi-tion in Champagne hy taking several strong enemy positions, notably the hiil at Tahure and the region to the southeast south-east of that point. The French objective is the Challe-range-Bazancourt railroad, which runs back of the German lines a few miles. This road is already under fire of the French guns at some points. At this juncture it is timely to mention the new air fleets of France. Aeroplanes armed with cannon, to which we alluded last week, are being employed in great |