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Show I THE BULLETIN. BINGHAM. UTAH the HOUSEW Protecting Buttonholes A row! of machine-sewin- g around button holes in knit underwear prevents stretching and makes them last longer. New Hot-Wat-er Bottles Have a little glycerine added to the water brown delicately In a moderately hot oven 375 degrees stirring occasionally that they may color evenly. Sprinkle with salt after removing from the oven, and spread on crumpled unglazed pa-per to absorb any surface oil. WNU Service. with which hot-wat- er botues are filed for the first time. This will make the rubber supple, and the bottle will last longer. For Steamed or Boiled Pud-- j dings Puddings will not stick to the basin if two strips of proof paper are put crosswise in the basin before the mixture is poured in. Removing Stains on Hands-Veget- able stains can be removed from the hands by rubbing them with a slice of raw potato. Shrink the Cord When loose covers for chairs, etc., are being made, boil the piping cord before using. This little precaution pre--l vents unsightly puckers after the cover is washed. Frying Eggs Eggs are less lia-ble to break or stick to the pan If little flour is added to the fry-ing fat. Boiling Old Potatoes Old pota-toes sometimes turn black during boiling. To prevent this add a squeeze of lemon juice to the water in which they are boiled. Care of Shoes The preserva-tion of patent leather shoes pre-sents difficulties because, by very nature of the hard finish, it will crack eventually. But the fateful day may be delayed by occasionally applying just the smallest touch of pure vaseline and rubbing it In well with a sof cloth. Patent leather shoes should be polished by rubbing with soft cloth only. Preparing Salted Nuts Here Is an ideal manner in which to pre-pare your salted nuts at home: Take blanched nuts, salt and oil. Sprinkle nuts very lightly with oil, using not more than one tea-spoon to one cup of nuts. Spreac In one layer in a baking pan and "nee More the Guns Bioar in L iPetersbnrgs Historic Crater" i HE guns of the War Between the States have been "jr stilled for nearly three quarters of a century, but on April 30 of this year the quiet little city of Petersburg, Va., will echo once more to their roar. There on that date blue-cla- d "Yank" and gray or butternut brown-garbe- d "Johnny Reb" tr will fight again one of the most spectacular en-- J gagements in the whole four years of the Civil war the Battle of the Crater. Of course, this time it will be only a sham battle, staged bv the National Park Service, with the "Devil Dogs" of the United States Marine corps representing the Union troops and cadets from the Virginia Military institute and nation-al guardsmen from the Old Dominion playing the part of the Confederates. But to the thousands of spectators who are expected to gather in Petersburg for the of this battle there will i ants had noted, however, that al-though the Union earthworks were lower than the Confederate, the land s'oped very sharply be-hind the position of the Ninth corps. Thus what went on be-hind their lines was concealed from Confederate observers over a considerable area. So he conceived the idea of tunneling under the Union lines and the "no man's land" be-tween them and the Confederates and laying a mine under the posi-tion held by the men in gray. His proposal was sent through the usual military channels to his division rninmnnHpr (tan The Explosion of the Federal Mine (From a contemporary drawing). well known in the Union army. It was disclosed that Ledlie stayed behind in a dug-o- ut drink-ing throughout the Crater action and could not be induced to go out and try to extricate the rem-nants of his division from the deathtrap in which they were caught. When the tunneling operations had been completed on July 23 a total of 18,000 cubic feet of earth had been excavated. The four tons of powder were placed in the laterals on July 27 and the next day the miners' tamping had been completed. Pleasants was then ordered to explode the mine early on the morning of July 30. He lighted the fuse at 3:15 o'clock in the morning. The minutes ticked away and noth-ing happened 1 So Lieut, Jacob Douty and Sergeant Henry Rees volunteered to risk their lives and go into the tunnel to see why. They found that the fire had I stopped where fuse lengths had been tied together, so they Robert B. Potter, his corps com-mander, General Burnside, both of whom approved of it, to Gen-eral Grant, who saw in it an op-portunity to crack the Confeder-ate line and pour enough troops through the crevasse to capture Petersburg. So he ordered Burn-sid-e to go ahead with the project. Carrying out those orders was an epic achievement for which Pleasants deserves more credit than history has yet given him. With his regiment of about 400 miner-soldie- rs he did the job despite lack of from his superiors. General Meade and Major Duane, chief engineer of the Army of the Potomac, said the thing could not be done that it was all "clap-tra- p and nonsense"; that such a length of mine had never been excavated in the history of military oper- - ones, twos and groups could bei seen running toward the smoking! Crater. Burnside and Ledlie had failed to clear their own defense obsta-cles and to prepare passages out of and over their own deep trenches. So their storm troops were disordered and delayed ac-cordingly. Not a shot was fired from the Confederate side at first, but by the time the Crater was filled by a huddled mob of fore-most men, the Confederate rifles were cracking from flanks and front, hostile guns were throwing gusts of canister, and it was fatal to go beyond that scene of hide-ous death. Out of the Death Pit Gallant officers of the Union line sprang out of the death pit and led a few of their bravest men as far as 100 yards beyond the Crater's lips, but forward of that none went and nothing could live. Survivors raced back for what shelter the pit could give them. There one after another they fell, torn by rifle balls and sheU frag-ments. Men started despairingly to dig a trench from the Crater back to the Union lines. Men in the lines began to dig a hasty ditch toward the Crater to save what We they could from certain death if the men remained there. Toward nriion wpre eotten into the be a thrill of reality to it as they see the 1937 prototypes of the 1861-6- 5 warriors swing into action and hear the voice of Dr. Douglas Southall Free-man, editor, historian and bi-ographer of "Marse Robert" Lee, describing, through a loud speaker system the bat-tle as it progresses. With his description supplying such parts of the battle as must necessarily be omitted from the they will hear in memory the gigantic roar of the explosion of four tons of powder as it hurled a mountain of earth, artillery, planks of wood and other debris high up in the air, ' taking nearly 300 Confederate soldiers to their death. They will see the Union storm troops rush-ing down into the huge hole in the ground, and then, slipping and sliding, trying vainly to climb up the other side, while Confederate rifles and cannon reap their harvest of death in that inferno below them. And when the gray-cla- d soldiers with a series of brilliant charges re-capture the broken lines, they will The Crater of the Mine Exploded on July 30, 1864, Showing the Entrance to the Federal Tunnel. Crater for the men to withdraw as best they could. They dashed for their lines, but only a part of them reached safety. The Confederate loss had been 276 officers and men, and this "stupendous failure," as Grant called it, had cost him 3,798 killed, wounded, captured or missing. In the afternoon the Confederates swept forward to drive away the last straggling Union troops and that night Ma-hon- e's division "held the Crater and all the horrors that lay in and about it." Years later a farmer clearing ( land near Petersburg discovered by accident a tunnel under the ground. Further investigation re-vealed the fact that it was only one small part of an elaborate system that had been dug by the Confederates during the long siege of Petersburg, many of realize anew the full horror or this terrible fiasco which cost the lives of nearly 4,000 boys in blue and gained not a single yard of disputed terrain in the ut fight for possession of Petersburg "the longest siege on American soil." Back of the story of this en-gagement is the history of the stalemate which existed in the fourth year of the CivU war. The genius of Robert E. Lee had balked every attempt of Ulysses S. Grant with his host of blue-coa- ts to crush the ragged men in gray in the long series of bat-tles that had raged north and east of the Confederate capital. So the Union commander decided to swing around that beleaguered city, cross the James river and strike Richmond from the south through Petersburg, "the back door of the Confederacy." The result was a protracted siege of nine months. In this time skirmishes occurred almost daily, totaling some 150 minor engagements. A Tragic Climax. But all of them were leading up to a tragic climax the Battle of the Crater. That it was to ations and could not be. But when it was completed at last, the "impossible" had been accomplished. From the steep slope the shaft ran in for the m0re than 500 feet with a clear-anc-e of about fivei feet. 1 was about four feet wide at the bot-tom and three at the top. The whole length was shored braced with timbers against IS countless tons of sand and spliced fresh ends, lighted trie fuse again and dashed hastily out of the tunnel. For a few min-utes the waiting Union troops stood shivering in the cool dawn and then A Gigantic Upheaval. They felt the earth shake un-der them but the only sound they heard was a dull grumbling roar. Their eyes, however, told them the story of what had happened. Over across "no man's land of the Con-- they saw a section ,t- - v V7 "w ' s ! At Tf V i r?i I iff , x fi .J: 4,M " i?t 4 A v v ' 41 ' ' ' V"- - ' LJ .. rii 1 r ill illlllillMWMB & the p ope; distance from surface above, and Le ran nearly level to a point Confederate fort. below the H-e-re the main gallery branched two laterals about 38 feet Kg for placing the magazine. Into the side galleries on the magazines thus The various were linked by fuses in Ses the fuse led down the gal-er- y 'and tamped with tons of earth. While this was going on Sove. Soundfof digging led them to believe their enterprise and was had been suspected fearS 'for speedy shooting the fort to tase au were tain breach in theJim hftentrmiance of Pleasants' hlevemeS was nullified by the Sdering of higher-ups- . ''A ? 7) if j .... ronfederate tunnel sy'tshteem as it Is today Ap-Pa-rt war this tunnel parently forgotten "f Petersburg, was discovered constructed during the long siege c,earin land. ln by SJg to two branches of the the photograph are snowa 1 j The ,eft wSt wide and 12 feet under rsurface Lieut. Col. Henry S the ground at the entrance. Pleasants. turn out thus was no fault of the man who had the original idea for attempting the most spectacular coup of the whole war. He was of Lieut. Col. Henry Pleasants the Forty-eight- h Pennsylvania Volunteers, a part of the Ninth corps, commanded by Gen. A. Burnside. Pleasants had been a mining engineer and most of the men in his regiment were Penn-sylvania coal miners. During the attacks on Peters-bur- g T June, "64.. Pleasants "sized up" the terrain with the practiced eye of the engineer The Union troops were behind high earthworks within 400 feet of the Confederates' defensive trench system and nearly oppo-sit- e a strong point called Ell otts salient, which was well fortified .and almost impregnable, neas ft A Fatal Choice. h Pleasants was husy While dms.on ofn g his operations a troops were being Burns,u hi breach to be caused through by thC ZZe aS Grant disap-minu- te duty proved of theejd lest they be criticizt. the ..bat. C0lX'' So Burnside had talion by the St0mstraw As it turned entef. out' thiS Sre beSuse the lot prise to ie divis,on a congressional investig , -d-Senrehabilitywere federate trench, up to. The a gigantic upheaval. the spot was filled w and fragments. Confed-plank- s m A 25! t ielt Ss70 feet widS 5dep. smoking, dust-shroude- d, horrible. The Union artillerymen recoj the breach. Five SutefUr. blue soldiers them no doubt, to prevent any repetition of Pleasants feat. Today the visitor can walk through those tunnels and mar-vel at the engineering skill which has made it possible for these un-derground passages to remain but little changed through the 70 years since they were in use. Different, however, is the case with the Crater. . Today it is lit-tle more than a depression in the ground. Shaded by the sur-rounding trees, grass-carpete-d from top to bottom, it little re-sembles that place of horrors where on a hot July day in 1864 nearly 5,000 Americans died in vain. J e Western Newspaper Union. as nam5 rXa of ban iyja writer i! 'ftf short tW" 7.r and thicker 1; of person development col- - rf form, "if i"ental riif'i This type fno control over 5l be coarse pagination nd Pant BREAK YOUR BACK hi. mulnc nw OCUrwvx iWi your Joor. beautiful fini.h In 20 minutei. Simply pplr. 1 h dry--nd your wofk . Udooellc poithe. Iuin Non J.ppcry. won't chcklGrwr reioc A tivei lonnet wer. lnit on the n-- yjr Zia foe full uTction. . 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T ItMfS Buv today a can of any of the lye EITHER 2Um shown at right, Then send toucan band, with your name and BRAND J, $SB :a! marriages are '1 drives from a Scotland, 'COi Gretna world- - 4 ntury "fway marriages rrSge "bla-i- T ir.ndttop;pSf, oil" an top racing iould weigh ap-n-d W stand ttheshoul. in South JU Wales or me-- in Florida grey-igMb- y scent. Bridges Jment of the wire-cabl- e 'Ut was due largely t d John A. Roebluig. U built an aqueduct at U carry the boaU of the a, Canal across the AI-- n It was successful, t jjd more ambitious followed. ( Wives From Brain ml persons, electrical i from the brain at the atlO i second, each wave 20 to 50 millionths of s explained by scientists, Wilder Magazine, these ol longer duration and ISge in insane persons. ( Perfect Camouflage jrlus, of the Mantis fam-cati-of southern India, ample of almost perfect ;e, and when banging head bush resembles a flower, ftioo helps it gather insect s fir Tyo Lifetimes t girls in Lowicz, Poland, :rgeous costumes, each ist about $30. About ten material are used in mak-a-, but it lasts the owner , and is often good for of her daughter. 1 fee Caps Are Found sire found at certain high such as Scandina-- and Spitzbergen. Gla-- accumulate on a flat i apread out in all direc-- m the center. KtJ of War's Flag wtary of War's flag was A a 1897 by order of the Weral's office. It is scar-'hit- e star in each corner st of arms of the United Ihe center. Mt. Rainier i snow exists in the United W snow Is frequently re-count Rainier. The ruddy to .tiny plant, one of !ore kinds of snow algae. of Earth ! of 50 per inpositIon cent silicon, 8 and the rest elements, prin-- 'ng Alcohol ,JJtt human body se--: butthereisaproc-J- f the stomach by decomposed into al--4 oa substances. BnIU R the Nineteenth IS j LIFE'S LIKE THAT By Fred Neher "I'll be gein' to town v? b ya jest as soon as Paw falls outa my boots!" I iMes I blades e : K'H Wade, and I ctinn not disappear I wpjndlng. |