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Show i ' THE BULLETIN. BINGHAM, UTAH From Perfectly Cut Patterns 62. Size 38 requires 5Vi yards of 39 Inch material. Pattern 1996 is for sizes 6 to H years. Size 8 requires 1 yards of 39 inch material for the jumper and 1V4 yards for the blouse. Armscye and neck edges of jump-er require 2V4 yards of 1ft inch bias facing. Pattern 1226 Is for sizes 14 to 20 (32 to 42 bust). Size, 16 re-quires 3 yards of 35 inch ma-terial. New Pattern Book. Send for the Barbara Bell Spring and Summer Pattern Book. Make yourself attractive, practical and becoming clothes, selecting designs from the Bar-bara " Bell well-plann- easy-to-ma-ke patterns. Interesting and exclusive fashions for little chil-dren and the difficult junior age; slenderizing, well-c-ut patterns for the mature figure; afternoon dresses for the most particular young women and matrons and other patterns for special occa-sions are all to be found in the Barbara Bell Pattern Book. Send 15 cents (in coins) today for your copy. Send your order to The Sewing Circle Pattern Dept., 149 New Montgomery Ave., San Francisco, Calif. Patterns 15 cents (in coins) , each. . Bell Syndicate. WNU Servic. 'M GLAD I'm not on the serv-- ing committee this week," muses Mrs. Smith of Walnut street, as she takes stock of her-self in the mirror preparatory to leaving for the church supper. "I look entirely too swell for me why, I'm almost excited 1 I al-ways knew surplice waists were becoming, but how becoming I never knew till now. That little deceptiveness Is Just what I need, and these sleeves are the most comfortable things I If about half our circle wore dresses like this it would be better for all con-cerned; so many of us have out-grown the tailored streamlined styles. Now, Mrs. White for in-stance" " "' " '" Enter an Admirer. "Why Mother, you look ly in that shade of bluet And you look real stylish, too you ought to be going to a Coronation." "Oh, I'd much prefer the church supper, dear. I'll be a somebody there in my new dress but at a Coronation I would be little po-tatoes. By the way, what did they say about your new jumper at school?" "Mother, I meant to tell you. Mary Jane and Betty are both go-ing to coax their mothers to make one just like it. I said maybe you would loan them the pattern, would you?" "Why of course. Did you tell them it took me only two after-noons to make yours including two blouses?" Enter "The Duchess." "Sis, you're pretty young to be talking about clothes so. intelli-gently. When you get a figure that clothes really count on ahem, like Yours Truly's for in-stance; then it might be different oh Mother, how nicel I'm crazy about it. Gee, such smart lines! Remember, you promised to help ma with a new party frock next week if I did well with this shirt-waiste- r. I wish all dresses were as easy to sew and as swell to wear as it is." "Perfectly cut patterns spell success for any frock, Kay; your party dress is as good as made right now. But I must be on my way or I'll be more than fashion-ably late for the affair. Bye, bye be good girls and see that Dad-dy gets something to eat." Pattern 1268 is for sizes 36 to Early Americans and Pioneers Used Poul-tices for Colds So do modern houwlT today. Poulticoa mad tho modern way-- , with Danvar Mud quick raliai lo stubborn casta oi congestion, bron-chial irritation or chsst colds. Kssp packs? in your msdicino chsst. At All Drug Storss Family Sis. Ms Practical Sia. 2So Salt Lake's Most Hospttable Hotel Invites 455x5L YOU "fflri'm The Newhouse Hotel JlJ 400 ROOMS 400 BATHS 'Sit:: The Finest in Hotel Accommodations ir H at Moderate Prices Rates It is our aim to serve you in the manner most pleasing to you. to Dining Room Cafeteria 0O Mrs.J.H. Wten,V. W. E. Satton, Mgr. Sent vs. Supreme Court An Ancient Feud I By ELMO SCOTT WATSON ?nM the nation-wid- e furore over President Roose-- plan for judicial reform, including the so-laU- ed "packing" of the Supreme court, one might fqsume that all this were something new in our Lstory. But the fact is that the issue of President r court is an ancient feud which began luring the earliest days of the republic and has up at one time or another during the last and a quarter. !amed is a curious analogy between the first of and the latest. The first was back in 1800 was elected President as the can-th- e Republican party (the ancestor of the present riarty) and was preparing to give the country I fn f i f ill fcew Deal" admin-Ifte- r eight years of ie Federalists, days the Supreme sisted of a chief five associate for under !,j act of 1789 prescribed the A cartoon in Frank Leslie's Weekly printed at the time of Grant's alleged "packing" of the Supreme court. fight on the Supreme court. The Republicans declared that the court should have declared the Sedition act unconstitutional as a violation of free speech. Jefferson first proposed to declare it null and void in a message to con-gress. Finally, however, he just decided not to enforce it against offenders arrested before the ex-piration of the act on March 3, 1801 and to pardon prisoners then in jail for violating it. But his followers were not con-tent with this example of the Chief Executive taking upon him-self the function of the Supreme court. They had been enraged by the stump speeches delivered by Federalist judges when in-structing juries and they were especially bitter against Justice Samuel Chase of the Supreme court who had been especially severe in denounoing Republican principles from the bench. "The modern doctrines . . . that all men in a state of society are entitled to enjoy equal liberties and equal rights" he had said, "will . . . certainly and rapidly destroy all security to personal liberty" this from a man who, as a delegate to the Continental Congress from Maryland, had signed the Declaration of Inde-pendence! A Vote to Impeach. The house of representatives voted his impeachment and John Quincy Adams said that it "un-questionably intended to pave the way for another prosecution which would have swept the judi-cial bench clean at a stroke." "Now we have caught the whale, let us have an eye to the shoal" said Jefferson, indicating that Adams' change was a valid one. But in the senate, where the im-peachment trial was held, the Federalists were strong enough with their nine senators out of the total membership of 34 to For it was during this period that John Marshall, with his inter-pretations of the Constitution, in-creased the authority of the judi-ciary and elevated the Supreme court to the prestige which it has enjoyed ever since. In the cele-brated Marbury vs. Madison case in 1803 he laid down for the first time in the name of the en-tire court the doctrine that the judges have the power to declare an act of congress null and void when, in their opinion, it violates the Constitution. Jefferson Views With Alarm. This doctrine caused consterna-tion among Jefferson and his sup-porters. Exclaimed the President: "If that idea is sound, then in-deed is our Constitution a com-plete felo de se (legally a sui-cide). For, intending to establish three departments, and independent, that they might check and balance one another, it has given, according to this opinion, to one of them alone the right to prescribe rules for the government of the others, and to that one too, which is unelect-e- d by and independent of the nation . . . The Constitution, on this hypothesis, is a mere thing of wax in the hands of the judi-ciary which they may twist and shape in any form they please . . . A judiciary independent of a king or executive alone is a good thing; but independent of the will of the nation is a solecism, at least in a republican govern-ment." But Marshall's idea pre-vailed and in this first feud be-- the age of seventy years and serving 10 years on the federal bench could do so with pay. This bill would have permitted President Grant to make only one appointment to the Supreme court since the membership had not fallen below eight since the passage of the 18G6 act. When it became effective In Decem-ber, 18C9, the Supreme court was engaged in deliberating oft the legal tender cases. The first con-ference of the court on the case resulted in a four to four deci-sion. Grier suddenly shifted his position, after an inconsistency was pointed out to him, and the court ruled five to three adversely on the legal tender acts. Rejecting His Own "Baby". One of the Justices who voted against the act was Chief Justice Chase. As secretary of the treas-ury in Lincoln's cabinet he had inaugurated the policy of issuing paper money and now as Chief Justice he held that his own "fi-nancial baby" was illegal 1 On December 15, 1869 Grier submitted his resignation to take effect on February 1. Meanwhile President Grant nominated Eben-ez- er Hoar, his attorney general, to one of the Supreme cdurt va-cancies. But he was rejected by the senate before the legal tend-er decision became known. Grant also named Edwin M. Stanton, his secretary of war, to Justice Grier's place but Stanton died four days after the nomination was sent to the senate. On February 7, 1870, as the Su-- X MARSHALL d jurisdiction of the It also provided for :uit courts to be held ; ear, each composed ustices of the Su-iu-rt sitting with one ourt judge, and for al district courts, embers of the Su-u- rt protested against :cuit riding duties, ; of representatives an investigation of tion. f'rJ w- - n A 4M tween the President and the Su-preme court, the latter was com-pletely victorious. In 1837 two more justices were added to the Supreme court. Soon after Lincoln lecame President there were three vacancies in the Supreme court two resulting from death and a third from the resignation of a Southern sym-pathizer. At first the new Presi-dent did not seem to be in a hurry to fill the vacancies. But with cases challenging the preme court was announcing us adverse decision in the legal tender cases, Grant sent to the senate the names of William Strong of Pennsylvania and Jos-eph P. Bradley of New York for the two vacancies on the court. It was this coincidence, plus the subsequent events which gave rise to charges that Grant had "packed" the court to get a re-versal of the legal-tend- er deci-sion. Four days after the con-firmation of Strong and Bradley, Attorney General Hoar moved for argument of two other legal-tend- er cases and the earlier decision finally was reversed by a five-to-fo- ur vote on May 1, 1871, Strong and Bradley voting with the pre-vious minority. Although Grant has been charged with deliberately "pack-ing" the court, historians gen- - Randolph, Washing-ney-genera- l, conducted ported against the cir--g duty, so in 1793 conf-ided that only one jus-Me-each circuit, thus fx justices available for duty. Although this !ing situation somewhat a hardship on the .Jtn H99 President John ;ain brought the matter ngress. The result was d judiciary act, passed iry 13, 1301 which elim-tirel- y circuit riding by of the Supreme court, new circuit judges for cuits and expanded the the federal courts to constitutional limit. It ided that after the next a member of the Su- - urt, the membership of 1 should not be more ' tepublicans Protest. iately the Republicans terrific uproar. They !ie bill an attempt by "alists, who had lost the : J and congress in the 1 1300, to entrench them- - "ly within the judiciary, ' in the provision for the membership of the J court to five. Sixty-nin- e- Justice William Cushing or health and not ex-- we. If he didn't, Jeffer- - :r the provisions of this ; would not be able to ' successor, thus keep--, membership of the court ederalist. the next 13 days, ;nttothe senate nomi-nate new judgeships. l.Tn almost entirely g the Federalists and FwmJr purely Political ZSaich 2 the senate tl ulhe last name of "ed them becuse t btlr.c.onwissions were sLi ms on the last in office. ."?iter Jefferson was tarshau POlf1Cal enemy. 'f;! state and fc ief Sent had ap-- Ionian,,, e Allen ! admi ' Passed d""ng ration t0 re- - lfdit Us altas of Re-- SAMUEL CHASE prevent the necessary two-thir-vote for Chase's removal. Although defeated in their at-tempt to oust Chase, the Repub-licans moved at once to repeal the odious "Midnight Judges bill" of March 13, 1801 and thus get rid of the new district judges ap-pointed by Adams. Of course, the Federalist senators raved against this "assault upon the judiciary." They declared that judges were entitled to a life tenure and that the repeal of the law would wreck the Constitution. But the Repub-lican majority nevertheless re-pealed the law on March 8, 1802, thus guaranteeing six judges on the Supreme court bench. Then, ironically enough, the Supreme court, composed almost entirely of Federalist judges, upheld the constitutionality of the repeal act which had the effect of restoring the much disliked circuit riding system. Incidentally, Justice Cushing did not die, as had been expected. He continued to serve until 1810, so Jefferson did not have an opportunity then to ap-point a justice. His opportunity did not come until 1807. In that year the de-mand for another circuit in the rapidly-growin- g new West led to the establishment of one compris-ing Kentucky, Tennessee and Ohio and the addition of a sev-enth associate justice on the Su-preme court bench. Then Jeffer-son had an opportunity to appoint three justices, two for vacancies and one for the newly-create- d as-sociate justiceship. But he soon found himself balked by his own appointees. One of them, Justice William Johnson, rebuked him for his embargo acts and the others joined with Chief Justice Marshall in strengthening the federal government in opposition to Jefersonian ideals-- North's blockade of boutnern ports coming up, it seemed ad-visable to do so. Then on March 3, 1863 congress added Oregon to California to form the tenth circuit and provide an additional justice for the Supreme court. Three days later Lincoln ap-pointed Stephen J. Field to the new post and on that day the court upheld the legality of the federal government's blockade. It is not clear whether there was any connection between the doubt over what the court's decision would be in this case and the appointment of the tenth justice. But as it turned out, Field's vote wasn't needed. For the court, by a five to four vote, upheld the government. Then in 1864 Chief Justice Roger Brooke Taney died and Lincoln named Salmon P. Chase, his secretary of treasury, as Ta-ney's successor. This appoint-ment had an interesting after-math. In 1866 the number of justices was reduced to eight. In April, 1869, the house passed a bill for a ninth. It had origi-Sl- y included in this bill a pro-vision similar to that proposed by Roosevelt for the ap-artment of additional justices for incumbents over seventy ace This was inspired S p"rt by to- - f--t that Justice seventy-si- x years old, SastaafecblectmenUJ, lv as well as physically. In of of 18C9 the other justices Scourt sent lo Grter a sugges-tion that he should retire. senate, however, refused to ,,!r house proposal for CStment of additional judges 8PSTs compromise it was pro-- 8 id judge who that wfshed to reflre after reach SALMON P. CHASE erally absolve him from that charge. They point out that Grant had no advance knowledge of the nature of the decision, and that, since virtually every state court (except Kentucky) and every prominent Republican lawyer held the view that the legal-tend- er act was constitutional it would have been impossible for the President to find any state iudfie or any lawyer of his own iarty who differed from Strong and Bradley in the view which they later expressed on the Su-preme bench. e Western Newspaper Union. I WHO'S NEWS I THIS WEEK... By Lemuel F. Parton "Just a Poor Historian." NEW YORK. In 1933, William E. Dodd protested to Chancellor Hitler against assaults on Americans who failed to give the Nazi salute. He made these representations quietly but emphatically. His protest was effective. Being naturally calm and tactful, it is quite certain that he will not aggravate the. present difficulty as his government calls Germany to account for press attacks on Amer-ica. But he is not spineless and will not be merely a messenger boy. He has disproved the assumption that an ambassador to a major pow-er must be rich. "Just a poor his-torian," he lives simply and rides third class around Germany. He says this Is a much better way of understanding-- Germany and know-ing the people than attending state banquets which he abhors. The Germans like him and even forgive his belief in democracy, which he bluntly expresses when such expression seems pertinent. His doctor's degree was obtained at the University of Leipzig, and one of his best books was a biog-raphy of Thomas Jefferson, written in German. They have forgiven that. too. Most of his thirty years as a his-torian was spent at the University of Chicago. When he was appointed ambassador in June, 1933, he smilingly expressed doubt about be-ing a diplomat "The trouble is that a historian has to tell the truth," he said. Two former am-bassadors to Germany, Bancroft and White, were historians, but in less troubled times. He has spoken frankly, and has been only occa-sionally vilified, as when Julius Streicher, Germany's notorious anti-Semit- e, slurred his family on August 16. 1935. A native of North Carolina, be keeps a little cottage down In the Blue Ridge mountains, and drives around In a worn little old car when he comes home. He likes out of doors and is usually sun-tanne- d. He is medium, somewhat athletic In stature, with a look of keen aware-ness and competence, which softens as he speaks he Is essentially a humanist. The failure of the League of Na-tions he regards as one of the trag-edies of mankind. He has long been a torch bearer for the Wil-soni-ideals, or of "The Works of Woodrow Wilson," with Ray Stannard Baker. He is a for-mer president of the American His-torical association, highly distin-guished and authoritative in his pro-fession. He is sixty-seve- n years old. "Too Many Nice Boys." MR. TYLER DENNETT, of Williams, says his col-lege is getting too many "nice boys." It iyas in 1929 that Profes-sor Robert E. Rogers of M. I. T. told his class that the thing to do was to "be a snob and marry the boss' daughter." In 1934, he took it all back. A graduate might be a snob cum laude, but he was running an ele-vator just the same. Out in Min-nesota, a college dean recently urged students to take postgraduate courses in refined speech, dress and decorum. It must be hard for the youngsters to decide what to be or do. Dr. Dennett evidently doesn't sug-gest "rowdy" as the alternative of "nice." What he seems to have In mind is that Williams should draw more from the main democratic bloodstream, and not so much from the blue-blo- od arteries. He thinks the exclusive preparatory schools are funneling too many students in-to Williams. The Admiralty Speaks. SIR SAMUEL HOARE, British lord of admiralty, defends his $500,000,000 naval plan and urges the United States to build right along with England we are broth-ers. Already there is a yell over here that England is, as usual, try-ing to gel us to pull her chestnuts out of the fire. But that's some-thing for the editorial page. Sir Samuel, with his high-pitche- d nasal voice, his long, sharp peda-gogue's nose, his glassy eye, and his way of laying things on the line, is always good copy for the report-ers. Simultaneously, he broke the Il-lustrious and inquisitive nose, figure- -skating, and was eased out as foreign minister because be was too realistic about Ethiopia. Ilia comeback was amazing In its swift-ness. In a few months, he headed the admiralty, and articulate and dominant tory England had swung to his view on Ethiopia. His goldsmith ancestors founded Ye Olde Golden Bottel bank in th reign of Charles I. It is still owned by five Hoares, with one of them sleeping on the premises every night as their ancient charter re-quires. Sir Samuel, it is believed, never sleeps, with an eye never closed on the empire where the sue never sets. Consolidated News Features. WNU Service. Sheep in Wolfs Clothing R. C., department store man-ager in an Idaho town, scanning the aisles for shoplifters, ' spotted a "suspicious-looking- " woman. He trailed her to another store, In-formed the manager, and left, thinking himself quite a sleuth. A few minutes later the Chief of Police phoned. "That woman you've been watching for the past two hours is one of the detectives you hired to stop shoplifting." |