Show R B A R P RAILWAY electrified 0 the electrification of the butte anaconda pacific railway is of exceptional interest because it represents one of the largest installations of electrical equipment for steam railroad service and the first in this country where direct current locomotives operating on as high a potential as 2400 volts will be employed construction work necessary to effect the change from steam to electric equipment is now practically completed and at the present writing it is i expected that the road will start operation as an electric system about june 1 1913 the adoption of the 2400 volt direct current system for this railway was deter mined after a comprehensive study of local conditions and requirements the traffic demands are unusually severe and consist principally of hauling long trains of copper ore over heavy mountain grades in comparison with other existing systems the 2400 volt direct current system was considered best suited tor for exacting service of this character for its adoption presented an opportunity to realize unusual economies both in initial expenditure and the cost of f operation i the section of the road that has been equipped lies between butte and anaconda montana it comprises thirty miles of main line single track and numerous sid ings yards and smelter tracks aggregating a total of about ninety miles on a single track basis the haulage of copper ore from the butte mines to the smelt eries at anaconda together with all mine supplies lumber etc moving in both directions amounts to practically tons of freight per year complete freight trains weighing tons are made up of fifty loaded steel ore cars and will be handled against a ruling grade of 03 per cent by a locomotive consisting of two of the units illustrated single units will be used for making up trains in the yards and for spotting cars the initial equipment consists of seventeen locomotive units type E 4 GE n 7 e A side view 2400 volt direct current locomotive fifteen for freight and two for passenger service each elac h unit weighs approximately eighty tons the two units for forming the freight locomotives 1 in n each case will be coupled together and operated in multiple unit the combination freight locomotives co motives will haul the usual trains of tons at a minimum speed of fifteen miles per hour against the ruling grade and at twenty one miles per hour on level tangent track the passenger locomotives are the same design as the freight locomotives except they are geared for a maximum speed of forty five miles per hour on level tangent track A schedule of eight passenger trains per day four each way is maintained the average train being conico composed of a locomotive and three standard steam road passenger coaches all the locomotive equipment as well as the substation apparatus and overhead line material was designed and built by the general electric company the locomotives are the articulated dou ble truck type with all weight on the drivers the cab containing an engineers compartment part ment in each end and a central compartment part ment for the control apparatus is carried by the two truck frames frame s on center pins it is the box type extending the entire length of the locomotive and is provided with end and side doors on each axle is mounted a motor of the twin geared type the friction draft gear mounted on the outer end frame of each truck transmits the hauling and buffing stresses directly through the truck frame diverting these strains from the center pins and der frame the trucks are built of heavy steel castings the side frames are of a truss pattern with heavy top and bottom members and pedestal tie bars they are connected by end frames and a cast steel center transom the entire weight is carried on semi elliptic springs suitably equalized the cab consists of two 12 i inch nc h longitudinal steel channels on either side of the center and two 6 inch by 6 inch steel angles along the outer edges the central channels are enclosed and form a distributing air duct for forced ventilation air is conducted through the center pins which are hollow into the t truck ruck transoms and thence to the motors the engineers compartment at either end of the cab contains the operators seat controller 2 air brake valves bell and whistle ropes ammeter air gauges sanders and other control apparatus that should be within immediate reach of the engineer these c compartments are comfortably heated ba b electric heaters in the central section is grouped the control apparatus the contractors cont actors and rheostats are mounted in two banks running lengthwise of the compartment and are arranged with ample space between them to afford convenient access for cleaning inspection and repair all parts and circuits carrying 2400 volts are thoroughly pa protected ted from accidental contact A is em employed aloyed to furnish volts for the operation of the contractors cont actors lights and air compressor the principal data and dimensions applying to the locomotives are the following length inside of knuckles 37 ft 4 in length over cab 31 ft I leight height over cab 12 ft 10 in height with trolley down 15 15 ft 6 in width over all 10 ft total wheel base 26 ft rigid wheel base 8 ft 8 in track gauge 4 ft 8 12 in total weight lbs ibs weight per axle lbs ibs wheels steel tired 16 46 in journals 6 in by 13 in gears forged rims freight locomotives 87 teeth gears forged rims passenger locomotives 80 teeth pinions forged freight locomotives 18 teeth pinions forged passenger er locomotives 25 teeth effort at 30 per cent coefficient lbs ibs effort at one hour rating 30 lbs ibs the tenth or running finally short circuited on of motors are then point the pairs operated similarly in series parallel and all resistance is cut out in the nineteenth point which is the full speed running point th this is provides a control with ten steps in series and nine steps in series parallel the transition between serles series and se ries parallel is effected without opening the motor circuit and there is no appreciable reduction in effort during the change the smooth transition between control points permits acceleration close to the slipping point of the wheels A switch is iri provided having manually operated han ban ii L 1 70 outline view 2400 volt direct current locomotive effort effar t at continuous rating lbs ibs the motors are the GE commutating pole type wound for 1200 volts and insulated for 2400 volts A forged pinion is mounted on each end of the armature shaft and meshes into a corresponding gear mounted on the wheel hub the gear reduction is on 0 n the freight locomotives and 32 on the passenger locomotives the GE A motor is designed especially for locomotive service is enclosed and provided with forced ventilation air is circulated over the armature and field coils over and through the through longitudinal holes in the armature core and thence exhausted through openings in the bearing head this method of ventilation circulates effectively a large volume of cool air throughout the motor and keeps all parts at a uniform temperature eliminating the possibility of hot spots the continuous capacity of each motor is amperes on 1200 volts under forced ventilation and amperes on 1200 volts for the one hour rating for the double unit ton locomotive this is equivalent to a continuously sustained output of 2100 horsepower the control equipment on the tives is the well known sprague gerneral electric type M X multiple unit control arid aid is designed to operate the four motors in series and series parallel the pairs of motors with their respective are all connected in series on the first point ot of the controller the resistance is varied through nine points on the controller and dies for cutting out either pair of motors so that the locomotive can then be operated with wath one pair of motors in the usual way the contractors cont actors are actuated by the volt circuit obtained from the and are of a design similar to that employed in the standard type M control the principal variations are embodied in the method of insulating fo for r the higher voltage the arm between the alfe operating dr armature mature magnet and the arc chute mechanism consists of a treated treat edwood wood spacer insulator and the contacts and magnetic blowout which make and break on the 2400 volt circuit are mounted on mica and porcelain insulators sula tors the main switch is provided with a powerful blowout so that heavy currents can be opened T the three iree sma smaller her switches one for each of the two heaters and one for the circuits are designed specially for 2400 volts the blade is controlled by a lever attached to the grounded part of the locomotive frame and insulated from the live parts of the switch by a rod of treated wood there is one main fuse for the trolley circuit and two fuses for the motor circuits they are all of the copper type and are fitted with hinged covers to facilitate fuse renewals the boxes are located as near as possible to the overhead trolley in order to protect the wiring circuits near the source of supply there is also an aurili ary circuit fuse for protecting locally the and heater circuits tho the main motor and auxiliary fuse boxes are provided with powerful magnetic blowouts blow outs en by current passing through the thet to insure proper rupture of the are arc fuse an ammeter is located at each engin position and indicates the berls current i in circuit of one pair of motors the in r ile meter and air gauges are Rumina humiliated ted by am gauge light connected in the headlight a cir cult so that the headlight switch turns 01 simultaneously the headlight I 1 on candy and gauge ga light at the same end of the locomotive the main motor rheostats are formed of cast iron grids assembled in a frame and insulated by mica twenty resistance units are provided for each passenger jo in motive comstive co and twenty six resistance units for each freight unit the rheostat boxes are mounted in an enclosed compartment above the banks of contractors cont actors current is collected by overhead trolleys of the pantograph type they are pneumatically mati cally operated and can be put into service from either engineers co compartment by a hand operated valve each passenger locomotive co motive is equipped with two collectors and each freight unit with one collea Dr A 2400 volt insulated bus line connected direct to the pantographs panto graphs is run along the center on the roof of the cab the bus lines are connected by couplers between the two units of the freight locomotive so that current is obeal obtained ned from both collectors or of I 1 from a single collector the collectors and bus lines are adequately guarded by rail ings the locomotives are equipped with are arc headlights the interior illumination of the cab is provided by ten incandescent i 11 4 aaa loc locomotive end view 2400 volt direct current lamps arranged in two circuits one la cab a being placed in each engineers the balance in the central combar ie in each lamp circuit is a portable with an extension cord one lamp lama P sw that cab so 6 I 1 is located in each engineers controlled contrell troll ed one lamp circuit can be con each end of the locomotive A volt bus me line is provided on the passenger locomotives for lighting and a 2400 volt bus line lor jor heating the passenger coaches the air brakes are the combined straight and automatic type the air compressor or of the CP ag type is two stage motor driven and has a piston displacement of cubic feet of air per minute when pumping ing against a tank pressure of pounds per square inch air is taken from the interior of the central compartment through a screen which prevents the entrance of particles of dust the compressed air in passing from the low pressure to the high pressure cylinder is conducted through radiating pipes on the roof of the cab this reduces the temperature of the air and allows condensation of moisture before entering the high pressure cylinder from the high pressure cylinder it is delivered into four air reservoirs each 12 inches by inches they are located under the floor of the cab and connected in series which affords a further opportunity for radiation and condensation pneumatic sanders ganders are provided the sander valves are located within conven lent reach of the engineers seat and valves and boxes are arranged for sanding the track in front of the leading wheels when running in either direct direction lon the couplers are M C B standard the bells are fitted with automatic bell ringers and the whistles are air operated all wiring is ia drawn through conduits and carefully protected from possible mechanical injury |