Show SUMMER SCHOOL WORK Many Subjects Considered by the Teachers Yesterday r Tho Principles of Teaching Diseased by Dr White An Interesting lecture Delivered Last Eveni The class in United States history reviewed re-viewed the principal campaigns and battles of the Rev utio liry war the treaty which ended it and the results of the war Dr Whites lectures on Principles of Teaching aremost profitable Yesterday Yester-day he dwelfipon the Inductive andde ductive met odB of teaching illustrating each He then discussed the development develop-ment of the faculties of the child The natural order he says is 1 Obsering powps 2 Reproductive powers as memory mem-ory and imagination 3 The thought povers as conception judgment and reason The natural movement of the mind informing in-forming an idea is from sense to reason through the judgment and reason The creative imagination and the reason are the powers latest in development He showed how different methods should be used in the instruction of students according ac-cording to their age and advancement He gave the following maxims for primary pri-mary teachers IObservation before reasoning 2The concrete before the abstract Sense knowledge before thought knowledge knowl-edge 3Facts before definitions or principles 4Processes before rules 5From the particular to the general 6From the simple to the complex 7From the known to the related unknown un-known The class in physical geography considered con-sidered the cause of the change of Reasons Rea-sons also the five influences which modify climate Professor Bddingfield led his students into an interesting discussion af division of fractions The reason for inverting the divisor always a stumbling block to pupils was given Compound ijnibers received a share of attention cAt c-At the period given tothe consideration of moral training Dr White lectured on natural incentives to study and good conduct He gave a exposition expo-sition of what he considered the royal nine or nine proper incentives They are First desire for good standing second desire for approbation appro-bation third desire for knowledge fourth desire for activity and efficiency fifth desire for self control or self conduct con-duct sixth desire for future good seventh sense of right eighth sense of honor ninth sense of duty Of two incentives equally effective always use the higher was one of bis closing remarks re-marks A bare outline can only give a vague idea of the excellent lectures of this veteran teacher and profound scholar Miss Winston answered very satisfactorily satisfac-torily questions asked by the teacher pupils about practical methods in music Prof Andrews class in grammar was much interest in a novel way of parsing nouns and veibs The class in physical culture had a vigorous vig-orous drill in calisthenics The special classes are doing good work Yesterday Prof Eddingfields class in physics had an interesting discussion electrical phenomena Much interest is felt in Prof Eddinrffields work as that gentleman is to be principal of the normal department of the normal college and conservatory con-servatory of music which is to open ou Sept 4 His work is most satisfactory He is a fine instructor and a genial scholarly gentleman PROF ANDREWS LECTURE LAST NIGHT The audience which gathered to hear Prof Andrews lecture last evening was I a small one Whether this fact is due to i meager advertising or to al lack of appreciation appre-ciation on the part of our citizens is a question Neither Dr White nor Prof Andrews have had the audiences they deserved de-served and havehad in other and smaller places Prof Andrews has a pleasing delivery which adds much to the interest of his lectures He said in substance c Our public schools and their debt to the people is a subject that viewed in comparison with the average age of a generation would be considered old but when we consider it as a factor in human history it must be regarded as ever new Whether we call it old or new It is preeminently practical A brief ketch of the general history of education discloses dis-closes the circumstances forces that produced the public school system in America 1 In what sense may it be truly said that the public schools owe a debt to the pSnple In providing the general welfare of the state and nation the people peo-ple have created tho public schools and placed large investments in them for which they are reasonably expected to make satisfactory returns A few years ago the chairmSn of a congressional committee on public education educa-tion presented to the House a 1 dpOrt containing following items Annual oxpenses J123500OOD Value of school pieperty876QOOOn Buildings t i V 12000 Teacher JJ uo k uuoo 35tCCO Annual expense for to rci s S fIOUOO Enrollment of pupils u 15 000000 This financial statement lays tho ground of a dipt to the people That debt is more tunn doubled by the addition addi-tion of more than 12000000 soUls of American yonth In what form must the returns be made In intellectual and moral power n this is to be gainedthrough that living liv-ing force the teacher Teachers are the skilled the wise or tho i I > < C J j I I o > J o i otherwise artisans employed in the educational workshops of the nation to I produce scholarship Here the professor I I pro-fessor drew a forcible parallel between the manufacturer of a piano and the i teacher of achild I It is presumed therefore that teachers teach-ers are well qualified for the work of their professions Their qualifications must include at least three things I 1 They must understand chUdna ture and the laws of its growth I 2They must understand the subject matter or the branches to be taught I t3They must understand correct methods of teaching One of the first qualifications of a teacher is the ability to make himself useless in the sense of putting a pupil in possession of his own powers Though power scholarship and character should be the aims of teachers I Itia the duty of the public schools to turn At carpenters blacksmiths cooks ikk ers doctors ministers or specialists in any line They should prepare pre-pare the school population of the la d for good intelligent citizenship and supply them with the general ability to solve the practical problems of daily life |